Essay Question

Chapter 14 Magnetic field (EQ)14P1

1. (86)
(a) Using the rotating coil of a simple d.c. motor as an example, describe, with the aid of a diagram, the force
effects of a magnetic field on an electrical current.
(Details of the commutator are not required) (3 marks)

(b) Account for the production of a Hall voltage when a thin strip of a conducting material, carrying a current, is
placed in a magnetic field. (4 marks)

(c) Derive an expression for the Hall voltage and indicate the various physical factors which may be adjusted to
ensure
(i) high sensitivity, and
(ii) good spatial resolution
in a Hall probe used for measuring magnetic fields. (6 marks)

2. (90)
(a) Two long parallel wires, each of length l and separated by a distance d, carrying a current 1 in the same
direction. Draw a diagram of this arrangement and on it show

(i) the magnetic field at each wire due to the other, and
(ii) the corresponding forces,
giving their magnitudes. (3 marks)

(b) How may a similar arrangement be used to define the ampere unit of current? (1 mark)

3. (92)
By considering the force on free electrons of charge -e moving with a constant velocity v in a path, perpendicular
to a uniform magnetic field B, .

(a) explain the production of an electric field E when an electric current is passed through an n-type
semiconductor crystal in a direction perpendicular to a magnetic field B. (5 marks)

(b) further, explain the production of another electric field E' in a linear conductor moved perpendicular to the
magnetic field B. (4 marks)

(c) describe an experiment to measure the charge/mass (e/m) ratio for electrons using an electric field and
magnetic field perpendicular to each other. (No theory of the production of the magnetic field is expected.)
Briefly indicate main difficulties. (7 marks)

4. (93)
Draw a labelled diagram of a moving-coil meter. Briefly describe its working principles and explain how a linear
scale may be achieved. (8 marks)

5. (94)
(a) With a suitable diagram, explain qualitatively the working principles of a Hall probe. (5 marks)

(b) Briefly describe an experiment to investigate the variation of magnetic flux density along the axis of a
solenoid by using a Hall probe. State any precaution(s) needed in the experiment. (4 marks)
Essay Question
Chapter 14 Magnetic field (EQ)14P2

6. (00)

(a) Using a simple current balance, describe an experiment to investigate how the magnetic force depends on the
length of the current-carrying conductor in the magnetic field. State the precautions for this experiment.
(5 marks)
(b) (i) Consider a moving-coil meter with a certain current flowing in it. Explain

(I) why the magnitude of the deflecting torque due to the current remains the same when the coil rotates,
and
(II) how equilibrium is achieved at the steady state.

(ii) Do you agree that a moving-coil meter would be more accurate when it works in a vacuum ? Explain briefly.

(iii) Describe and explain what would happen when a d.c. moving-coil meter is used to measure the a.c. mains.
(5 marks)
7. (01)
(a) (i) Explain how the SI unit of magnetic field strength, the tesla, is defined.
(ii) Explain why two infinitely long straight wires carrying currents is in the same direction exert on each
other.
(3 marks)
(b) Describe how you would produce a uniform magnetic field using a current-carrying conductor. Briefly
describe an experiment using a Hall probe to show that the field is uniform. (6 marks)

8. (02)
Describe the principles of an experiment that can reveal the sign of the charge carries in a current-carrying
conductor. (5 marks)

9. (03)
(a) An electron is projected with an initial velocity v into a region with a uniform magnetic field perpendicular to
v. Discuss the work done by the magnetic force acting on the electron and its change in kinetic energy.
(Neglect the effects of gravity.) (3 marks)

(b) (i) Based on the torque acting on a rectangular current-carrying coil placed in a magnetic field, describe
and explain the design feature(s) of a moving-coil galvanometer that give a linear scale. (Mathematical
derivation is expected.)

(ii) Discuss TWO factors that determine the current sensitivity of the galvanometer. (7 marks)

10. (04)
Give the meaning of the magnetic flux density B in terms of the magnetic force acting on a current-carrying wire in
a uniform magnetic field. (2 marks)

11. (05)
Describe an experiment to show that the magnetic flux density B at the centre of a flat, circular coil is directly
proportional to the current I in the coil. (5 marks)