Tepe aR LL enmmmnunry ~ SRE rane —> proptrin of mailer > pnysial trampormarien Cphose change) > crimical cea on Earry aera in Atom Shrory ace ipmeupyeny ee of atoms 2) mater 1s composed 2) Anepemend Ws compastd of only ont type af arom have GsPltrtat plop ents 3) Atroms OF grsherent Chem tars 4) Compouna are composts of atoms of aitherent erement in-whore number carlo 5) Atoms art nether creased nor distroyia during chemical change Cr aes anny Au somplts OF A pure compound contain she fame crementein tht same proportion $ mays eee ‘unin two elements reach #0 FOF mort thon ene compound, a fits muisof ore clement will caer with masts Of sot Obhtr tlemins nq rato oF sma, wholt nUmbots Ae eee”a . 19C ed = n20 _ O La ri 10.09 W202 112g H, 888g 0 4-333.90 2s 2 bbb go 20.09 H20.2:24gH, 17. 20g0 + % 2% hy BBB MEO Pi sawe as al WEDD ae ss ~mouscharg ts ure —~ Chargt erereien) of corned tray parnctay\ Sere = ee feck ron a SA DIN —— a Cpctisal eben cat,) Chad = = if. ea A wisi, py HENS niuteony aly ime 4 - spotopu Catoms of Jame ciemiar) hut asfhetent. tt) iA e] i er ~~ Wwea ereceron CE) a + Pr O+On (CZ), n¢uF o NtuUtral G@tam: 22E 2 MAIS homber, Az 2EN me 4 /1ordo uM ,samez arteen 6 Atom Mass = mass number Camu) ° Lamu= of C12 atom mas te te i ron CN) Pramasny: mass ~ 29), 2k nvm 4.24 —> Charge aromu eat 2M9 no- lev [atom no. WN. Fh oY Bio, fore | 56. x 5 | § | 1.09 19-49 SB §. g o | “i average mans 2 CFrauonolasundonce x rotopi mand 00100 ave.mois = 60.199 X 16.429 amu) + (0.80) x y. 00930e1 = 499 amu + 8.82 Gmu = 40-5) amv Na om orcular Compounds S1UnIl COMpovads o molecules * tons, fOr mula un yt ° 420 oNGtl “CLASSIFY:Cc fo) = a) 4 ny i H4#-—C—H chemicat I formula A Cmoliuier feroceure) Formule) Pormula Seracgura) Clonssiterronar) 10 mMO1d 4 0 ! M A—-c—C RP SoS 4 C2ehy 62 Cactsn aca) A dy I c—a w—¢—07% / A (244 b2 Cmithyl tormore) co (a) %ai-and- LhaCt-FIVing LH Mod eh mode) Lou al WM ts Cid ereo Aiomtn)Lmolt = G-024% 10? pamiun abt tt atom, motte, of foOtmusa untt Motecurart Chemital Formula Qi om rations MOH FA1/00 eraomnli: £2 atom 2 molty # 10 gttm / mole oO Molgr moss nd mass- Most FeMaronsbip é atom wight Camu) GK NN) et moi, g ——_______»m 0/0, mot 7 MM g/mol Proglim #4: 4 ran mol nr = 0-12 motk ity) Probitm #2: 9.2K 19-4 mdr ( S995 gn « 0.0579 4 muLaeiw gC Meerrons “ cntgy Enectremagnene radiata CENA)” ~ combination of electric And magneme Pred, Orientea atracnartulorty, prepuguling Mm Ipace 2): = charadii2ed hy fLegutoty ana Wand) wavilingh ntan SI no PA ryda a a nA wav Paving P peroaie Variation in Vy. emg Ne = cyan Cneegy beans fegcle P+hrough per scond) BY A manivde Dishunee btrwten maximum § minimum + avira) Invceitly proportional 4 Fetgutary ie a a => Spetd oF 1ight invarwum —$-0x10% mis Prtgutoty neat gnc tang Frewuiny ¥ nee baling wav np ) gn a “enctromagnese Spetrum | in tcrouaut aight ovo viien wirtwy Amragio dentar — F tmore data Per tan Copan ra Xero codar 2 ce “Sinyengos C1 phat ou i Microuayt 81 0adiw4 Bunttios rad Jom ta trom fem IRF ia + a Tt +—t——+ r ‘= 10? 10" 10° 010" 10? 10% 10°F 104 0 W? 10" 10° 10" 10% 408Aadiarion- A soaum sieternght giv are gilowrgnt that has a A2S89nm ChnmX i X 10m) what 1 the _Artquincy Cv) OF thy Ngan? a:$ = 2.908K1oF im — or 2.996610'myp 11049 waee s.sgnio? signm vie lve sna rotetf a Avantnarion oF tntrgy 2 Cla Cas pags Could not tXplaIn ¢muiion of radian by & ¢ hot Objet Cd tptndent On Fempreatust) oO MAX Plunth - tnicgy must o¢ guantitg Entry y Hs Prams Pieced 1M dice ede pachtH OF ne q quanta: Tartar a1 wautent © AVGn 12 b1IDO microrcoan properly, aot (eer _——~ ( macroscopie Liu urlans ‘eames t —~ 34 fthy pion) Consronr €G-626XI0 Js) t 4 € A: G40nm fe hu “Garon zs £2 &: ht € a ©6-626x 1074S4) (2g & 409m (Fone @ fe 700K 8G] =p HTE quantum of ‘ radiation A+ G400m I NN Ny e Planch "SB SHOE OF dtutlopmend pF quantum theory tyualon PPP POI AIPA AINA A AAT a Parsee wove guainy: particle bthavior OF 11gh?) a © Etna PROKOPTEETORT RS emia) 8 o a Emit CUCHTOML yo tne peta at tig bt “CLASSIFY-ora gwin mitar only Certain ertguency Fen ergy Canliad 40 Cmrision gr eneeseons = oP intrgy CF Might 1 grr tt than rhe Fae Uhold D a oP eMny valor, woth PUNCIIOn, EXCEI taetgy 1) Conureted Oo hinseac enirag yor eLecons ferns fe pnovn nes hve SF niminin pntegy niques beyet eninge an ereiion from mitas Lurhact - Balmiparrvid an tguation tharetsard enirgy oP emiyn0n hin 10 An integer yn? 814516 1 ae oe a7 "laa Aydbgl generaneed the equastoa to ve BLL ne . LONG ry) Oe Gh ee $ a1 702 Ryasregs Constant Ch09Dx 10m Bohr moael! ~ CMUNSTOR OPT GDY due rovesectroay Moving fram higner FO! Lower tningy Leven. (Ael= 1 ep br) = Gy: ae “e Planch ¢gn rT: a “wy i == feo 75 oS o2 # (ar m) Ayarerg's gn7 i « Wave benavior oF mater” © De Brogie hyporhay. ‘ qe. + : oe 7 momentum V pe prege waveltngi! ! « GimvIaneRpOETEY showed Phar tecrons Can OFFracid — | = Aint) trystal bombarded ey tierens | © povere Lun txpecsments demos!¢as td SONLEEPTEIRER p14 1104 a prop ty oP wavls 4 eo singie (1tcon tx peem ears ano show ther ame result. CoMeulare waver ingsn: veroetry: 1-000 wg? mi 1s TAgm? mo2 91049 x10 9 ne 4 626410" hg mis! Sma valve yb Ligmstanty ach mv Largtt than toe iat ok 2 boron apm erecsron pn Phe classical C1004 107 ms). C9-109K10°%G) Ch articie) view Git rhe Samtorder oF magoriude ai phe sire OF tot aiom ‘ Crttron Wautlihe othavior MW gong AObt nouceaelt in an atim Onceriamty Printipie CMtinbtrg YNCertainiky princase “0TH On F momentum oF Ciriron wannehbe ALEK mined LUPO OUINY 1-4 p recut manner m 1rescope Ax Bpx = Chx)(mav) 2 ih FRG sharon. sncden+ dx dp 2 2a twnon?, < Photon an vitocry ong nath ‘expected PathLenridingtes cau arson Wonrbammger?® ection can b« Giscesn te yin. using wavl funcspas Ceguations) 1UF Consaims mPormation 99 b0th Wave and parle — peoprrie —_ Homing? Ba od rd energy Cwave mt noniim ) FQuadations OF GUantom meihonigms el tchronie SH uctore: | y oe ontoPptnt nb exacts locanm, ory ALObOoIIINI Can b¢ AHCupED a aatanee iri) Feet recondary quantum numbte Ciuosbel grind pal quantum “Guanium theory oF” number (then ere sons = guaniom number), 9 Numptc) tb ) Pumoery magnit< guarum iam guontem number, ms nob? thar dering the atoms “Orbital” Pheu, the ginerad region for the principal valulor tnergy Foran thcsron quantum angular momtntumbr O21 hu mG) quontum no CLASSIFY:agnen guantom direcion OF the Latins quant in "pinning" OF the ted ton quantum #. s Aumper Orpiar- 3D plot rengirnn oF the probaly oe finding *1etseoo 8 “Lubinen electron Capacity © a G 10 4 ea _ ss SF _ ap web a Sa 6 Sp est | aint) 4d $$ Wp aw 3a Toes sis 3p a5 pier ti 20 a Ms tach orbita) Can Cookuin two enHonTrapu oF atomic (arbres =? mathemasico) Consieucy bast ontne LE. 2 propobsntits @F Finding Ine e1ttseon 4:6 , Dobe gas seats hy a (closta Thr prriwdu table ripiees the tha Contiguane tyt chemical rtacnus x) tns10n, ho Ciecrroaie Contigut alten and 3 1 Ground-Jiabe elicron Contig ured oo OOOO Orbits Giagrom art Contigibation. Fiuing th Im up uni the iaewaN J» nuilding UP principle Jower to nights tntgies a st ff] i, ae us L Linas! Me Wy 2s oe ister? (AIH) 1s 25 (hg0e nue) -> cLecsrons PIM Orbirals OF the Jame enligg Ss berort pauwing up ¢ atesteg? (ite) GTA ast astept is 9s 2p 0 3% 25? 294 F 12 25? aps Ne 157257 2p*OC Ce ze i nia eG) =P abbr rusaren LN gg" é A 2 A Ore tection _Valtace eLecron. pe oo ORPORAAGNIED ~ fOr tr antitren metal 10M, ht outirmos eto “ art 1Oit Fite Evin though the 38 orbital) are hightr in entrgy the My Orda) are the ourermost — violence shen” Ch 13495? 2p%3s? aps CI 2 26% 2p6 31? $p% Fe: 18 01? 2p 6918 apes hoe Feet: 432057 99% 95? 9p6 de Fee, 14? 267 gp% 35? Spb 3ds Na: 162262 19% 952 Nat: 11225? 296 uo we Covarnt tadum (pm) “4 94 4 133. 148 F raaius = 428 128902 | 2 64pm “CLASSIFY.arome raat | v w > “erection posi riy charged yr = haw nudes no sae) ®, er er ror C1eesrons in betwen sarerut Cancel someo? ine . nutter charge = Zeon 22-5 iS epeecsue ~ shresaing Consont velour charge ePbecwe nuclear charge CN When ESE UL nV tar charge 1910 Lasts, Ft Ota U1 bp bth putts and owe dette ’ decteens inceraes eee A =. ronnalen errr ee e1ecsron afhinity "ial 2 Avi tq ctusin priocialt a £ eprcpronegarity FT tnaracy 14 arnincs ezeerten ramp© Luce elas bead wit GRCCRLATTLMORERE 6p 000101 nesirier and partias _atgaswt tharg i are peninsy —_ + A pesormolicuse Ais thé dinule ___momiots ef tuch bond ps ps fe +f 6 5 — —_ COLO as Spt ft fh = bis Gey = _ S Polar wae uss will Ojo 1a FHL ae ehaneiaue frm. 4 Pepys a A Pend 16 Gisidlue if polar ibivents- NOnvolar molecu tind # disolet jn _neapolar SOlutan- re anoigtne dew treachere = Goa — =p #xX3 gece frigenal planar —— : 27 TONES Aeron reipluonde vay = 6 Fg — merecule polar 1 ainenaanoanney C190 a covanoroond a1 a Leiutt oF bv anins POR! pee ovrriap oF pwd nalf-einid pend ori as. Wide yuide veerap Cn") bond one t bond — ont tf o¢nd — ont pond - We h bonds — ont @ bond suo nm pends _ - each 4S Ni : 7 ao! FOOD - a Clap Wap, *Y Ne pe 7 ee — - - — — oapx © _O2px = - yaa — nro ee ; ponds (an bitXplasnd by chybrndin tion), - 7 7“ Big 120° C ait — a sp? = a kp. — Ch yond orbi1085) 7 is (hy ord orbyass) Or gro 2 sl \ or Q? — No 2 aa : _ sp sp - - T no-wP atemn otbiiats Comb ca = no..of hybrid orbitals Forma7 - - se : an e Hy priv gebiban do oGrtXUt In olated Gtomi. They ore Formed — We eS - e n_tovaleniiy ended ason — _bysrid orbirah hav (GRRE LARGO PWRIANe thas art vtry WieRead from there ef she atomic oroiray in ssoiated roms. “i ALiroebgond (rhien nu pioiceied sy SaeareR an © rhe in A Jeb dS equal to bhi number of e ny) week ComainId Fo produce MMeséhe AUorbitass in Att OF hybrid ofeipal are €Qvivaliot 10 1hap ¢_ ond ¢nirgy. / — _ Axge = rrgena) planar ‘ 403 Fe pranidral = ¢1ietreg pale gleming | 104 > Axae -_ bent s eto sp? Frigonal planar = 4 Oh Cone tsnent he 6 tg tyne Sour an! — (ana A Cerygtine zs PG th TT TTTATVANBIG es c01b oo moter eiar er biran as Cntimpasing tht wholt ecu. Atomic orbitays combing atom . . wanmene Mol tule etmney a a a Aba Sef inser taint -GO— * a a 4 ‘| OO —- oo aca bh acay [ sos ~~ erbiran, Of _ Coniruciee inneetearane [=o 2 wthsats er matnematical evasion. nating cemtan, thar ducrive wave behavier VCLASSIFY© precent competion trom formula © Emprrit as Pormya Fram plied Composiien « Molecule forma 4 0 ” © Moles formula" analy sical dara mass- mort ri sabonship moli,n +: Mass, 4 molarmess, 91 mel AMGIyiss OF A 1204-9 Sample oF A nguid Compound Compdsta 2E Carbon, hydrogin, And nistegen Showrd +440 Conta 939g C 185g H, 4nd £859 MN. Wnasn the perentoge compassion oF dais compound? lols 2 34g X100%, b)-0% 14.04 § 19 Comosond LLS GH % 100%» IS-9%0 Body 2455 NX 100% + 29.0% 104g Veh tow sania CoHa0g ; tind Ye i by mass CH, Gnd 0: C186 1G gf moi), L ——w vr Mass oF MOI OF A atoms Taty| tno A atoms BLOX Em pirical BivPae | moserano| Conver | ¢ormyle Masier fare} by townt ratio to —X arams|——? | 4 asoms| 90. of ma lawns wWnore molecular formula numons Con C5H26 a a Cans Ctmprical formula) ‘CLASSIFY=The bactual fermentation OF grain 10 produce ¢hhanol Forms a 905 With a pertint Composition OF £9. 29%0C and 12.9100. Whasis the emarucal Formula ter thu gat mol Cz 27.2996 (ase 2(2n2 ml o> 12-09¢ —o mol o=z 22.0190 f 1 mele =( 4-544 mold 16-009 2.292 mole: Imac eee] 4644 mo/0 2mo1o SS Mm Camu or g/mol) sn formula vnitss moi CAs bydn= EF ¢.9mu oF gimol) Anx Boy —— — oi Nit oting 74.02% C t= CsHIn 8.710% MF: CyoHWNe 17-2919 N 40.579 nitoine 0. £600 ml nuotint LONE $200 g acetic gud 7 7-389 Cox + $.009 W20_\~? Combusren a AY angigss MMacen = 60 g/mol Ge My 02 1 mot (xayo2 2x morc? y mom 2 2 m1 0 a é 8 mass caleviard by mol 020/420 assereince L morc? | morcoe 2moln 2 (moi ned€ —% Molsl= 7) $$y dm Limo € F106 553 morc) a) (aie tmgeed) OL gO / mprthe mass C2 0164553 mpre, 101g + % 00039 C ; Lapre molu He Fong we (. Lng) 2.molt. ama * |o (0.98296 mol w (2) ws rd arene mush: 0-39106 mr. LOlgh * 0.39629 9H 1 mora masso= S-009- C2 aT, oD — ae a) moiti0: 2.6059) gO» _1molo 16-00 gf - £m pirical Formosa: Mortcular Formula CH20 630-03 gy) mor) le nades bs Mi. Gb gime) 24% _ EF 90-03 gimo)