BCSE305L

Embedded Systems

By,
Dr. Kovendan AKP,
Senior Assistant Professor,
Department of Database Systems,
School of Computer Science and Engineering,
Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore.

Email: kovendan.akp@vit.ac.in Mobile: +91-9677190102 Cabin: PRP 208-C

Guidelines to be followed
1. Be on time for class.
2. Be attentive and clarify your doubts immediately.
3. Don’t indulge in other actives when the class is in progress.
4. Complete the Assignments/Quiz within the deadline provided.
5. Maintain a dedicated notebook in class.

Friday, 05 January 2024 Instructor: Dr. Kovendan AKP 2

Course Objectives
1. To expose students to various challenges and constraints of special
purpose computing systems in terms of resources and functional
requirements.
2. To introduce students to various components of typical embedded
systems viz., sensors and actuators, data converters, UART etc., their
interfacing, programming environment for developing any smart systems
and various serial communication protocols for optimal components
interfacing and communication.
3. To make students understand the importance of program modeling,
optimization techniques and debugging tools for product development
and explore various solutions for real time scheduling issues in terms of
resources and deadline.

Friday, 05 January 2024 Instructor: Dr. Kovendan AKP 3

Course Outcomes
After successfully completing the course the student should be able to
• CO1: Identify the challenges in designing an embedded system using various
microcontrollers and interfaces
• CO2: To summaries the functionality of any special purpose computing system,
and to propose smart solutions to engineering challenges at the prototype level
• CO3: To examine the working principle and interface of typical embedded system
components, create programme models, apply various optimization approaches
including simulation environment and demonstration using debugging tools.
• CO4: To evaluate the working principle of serial communication protocols and
their proper use, as well as to analyze the benefits and drawbacks of real-time
scheduling algorithms and to recommend acceptable solutions for specific
challenges.

Friday, 05 January 2024 Instructor: Dr. Kovendan AKP 4

Modules
Module 1: Introduction
Module 2: I/O Interfacing Techniques
Module 3: Architecture of Special Purpose Computing System
Module 4: Programming Tools
Module 5: Real Time Operating System
Module 6: Embedded Networking Protocols
Module 7: Applications of Embedded Systems
Module 8: Contemporary Issues

Friday, 05 January 2024 Instructor: Dr. Kovendan AKP 5

Text Books
1. Marilyn Wolf, Computers as Components – Principles of
Embedded Computing System Design, Fourth Edition, Morgan
Kaufman Publishers, 2016.
2. Embedded Systems Architecture, Programming and Design, by Raj
Kamal, McGraw Hill Education, 3e, 2015.
3. Embedded System Design A Unified Hardware/Sofware
Introduction, by Vahid G Frank and Givargis Tony, John Wiley &
Sons, 2009.

Friday, 05 January 2024 Instructor: Dr. Kovendan AKP 6

Internal Assessment Pattern
Internal Component Total Mark Mark Consolidation Mode of Conduct
Digital Assignment 10 10 VTOP
Quiz 1 20 10 Google Forms
Quiz 2 20 10 Google Forms
CAT 1 50 15 Offline Mode by COE
CAT 2 50 15 Offline Mode by COE
Total Internal Marks 60

Friday, 05 January 2024 Instructor: Dr. Kovendan AKP 7

WhatsApp Group
• A2 – Slot
• Join the Whatsapp group using
the QR Code/link
• https://chat.whatsapp.com/IUEtu
T0Uo1J5Rn3Cahlk0p

Friday, 05 January 2024 Instructor: Dr. Kovendan AKP 8

Module 1 (5 Hrs)
Overview of Embedded Systems, Design challenges, Embedded
processor technology, Hardware Design, Micro-controller architecture -
8051, PIC, and ARM.

Friday, 05 January 2024 Instructor: Dr. Kovendan AKP 9

Introduction to Embedded Systems
 General-Purpose Computers
• Able to run a variety of software.
• Contain relatively high-performance hardware
components (fast processors, data & program
storage).
• Require an operating system (OS).
• Designed for heavy user interaction.
• Uses a variety of peripherals (displays,
keyboards, mice, internet connections, wireless
communication capability).
• Expensive ($100s - $1000s).
• Use a group of integrated circuits or chips (ICs).
• One implements the central processing unit
(CPU).
• Several implement data memory and program
storage.

Friday, 05 January 2024 Instructor: Dr. Kovendan AKP 11

 Embedded Computers
• Resources can be implemented on a single
IC.
• Include a variety of peripherals (timers,
analog-to-digital converters, digital-to-
analog converters, serial interfaces).
• Small size makes them very versatile.
• Contains firmware (only the needed
software which is not intended to be
changed frequently).
• May contain Real Time Operating Systems
(RTOS) which are used as a task scheduler.
• Low cost (10s of cents to a few dollars).
Friday, 05 January 2024 Instructor: Dr. Kovendan AKP 12