PROJECT REPORT ON

“Environmental impact assessment”

Submitted By:

SR.NO NAME:- ROLL NO.

1 PRATIK GOPAL BUNDE 11

Under the Guidance of:

Prof. Sonali Mam,
Department of Civil engineering.

Department of Civil engineering,

Government Polytechnic, Khamgaon

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 CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that ------------------------------------------------------- have
successfully completed the project title “ “Environmental impact
assessment “ at Government Polytechnic , Khamgaon under
supervision and guidance in the fulfilment of requirements of second
semester , Diploma in civil engineering , of Government polytechnic ,
Khamgaon .

-------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------

Prof. Vijay Atole sir Prof. Sonali mam

Head of the Department lecture of ESG.

SR. NO. INDEX PAGE NO.

1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 4

2 ABSTRACT 5

3 INTRODUCTION 6

4 WHAT IS SOLAR POWER PLANT 7

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5 TYPES OF SOLAR POWER PLANT 7

6 ADVANTAGES OF SOLAR POWER PLANT 12

7 DISADVANTAGES OF SOLAR POWER PLANT 13

13 CONCLUSION 14

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

I wish to express my gratitude to all those Persons who give me

Encouragement, moral support and valuable suggestion and help me to
complete this Micro-project. First of all I want to give thanks to my
subject teacher prof. Sonali mam who help us selecting topic on the
Basis of their knowledge and our capacity and try to Increase our
knowledge. Now, I’m grateful to my guardian to make me confusion Free
and gives me some basic ideas like what is solar power plant and
advantages ,disadvantages type of solar power plant.

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I would also like to take this opportunity to thank my friends and family
members, without them this assignment could not have been
completed in a short duration.

ABSTRACT

From this project we are studied all the impact which happens on the
environment because of the various reasons like installation of many
factory in the area so what effect are happen on the environment and
what problem the ecosystem have to face because of the chemical reals
in the atmosphere are going to be studied in this project
Solar energy is inexhaustible, freely available and clean source of
energy generation. The solar pv system generates variable output,
its operation depends upon the solar irradiance. In this paper, a
single phase transformer less multilevel inverter is used for solar
pv application

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 INTRODUCTION
A solar power plant uses sunlight to get energy. As the sunlight is ample
and renewable, one can use it to power up the home and business
premises. If you install a solar power plant , you might need to spend
upfront. However, it will minimize your energy consumption
significantly.
More importantly, it will reduce the dependency factor. That means you
can power up your home in an emergency without relying on your
electric grid. You can use renewable energy to generate electricity. The
generated electricity can be used for cooling, heating, and many other
purposes.
You can use this clean alternative without causing any water and air
pollution. You will not contribute to global warming as well. The key
benefit of a solar plant is that it will minimize your energy consumption
and it will save you a lot on your energy consumption.

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What is a solar power plant?
The process of electricity production in a solar plant is completely
ecological and doesn't generate polluting elements for the environment,
as well as being one of the most efficient renewable energies that
currently exist.

Thanks to these advantages of solar energy compared to energies

generated from fossil fuels or non-renewable sources, solar power plants
represent a key tool for developing a new long-term sustainable
production model, which is completely eco-friendly.

Depending on its operating system, there are two main types of solar
plants: solar thermal power plants and solar photovoltaic plants

Common Types of Solar Power Plants

Two primary methods are used to utilise solar plant systems to create
energy: photovoltaic solar technology and solar thermal technology.

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Photovoltaic technology directly transforms sunlight into electricity by
relying on panels of semiconductor cells.

Solar Photovoltaic Power Plant

Photovoltaic power plants are also known as the PV. They convert
sunlight into electricity. This type uses photovoltaic cells. These cells are
made using silicon alloys. These panels are available in different forms.
Some popular forms are crystalline solar panels and thin-film solar
panels. PV options are preferred since it enables to store the solar
energy into batteries. It can feed into the national grid as well. The PV
plants will need inverters for transforming the power from the DC into
the AC.
As mentioned above, PV panels usually come from semiconductor
material. When the photons of sunlight will hit the material, free
electrons will be generated. The free electrons will flow through the
material to generate a direct electrical current. The entire process is
known as the photoelectric effect. The DC will be converted into AC by
using an inverter, and finally, it will be fed into the grid. The PV panels
are different from the solar thermal plants. They use photo effects.
However, thermal plants use liquid heat-carrying ways. The benefit of
PV panels is that they do not focus on energy. Instead, they convert
photons into energy.

Solar Thermal Power Plant

Solar thermal power plants collect sunlight in such a way that they can
generate electricity. These are subdivided into three types. These are
linear, solar dish power plants, and parabolic trough solar thermal. The
most common ones are the linear collectors or solar dishes. These types
normally consist of parallel rows.

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The solar thermal power plant will produce heat from the sunlight. It
will operate below 100 °C temperatures. The installations are available
for residential and commercial properties. The generated heat can be
used for different types of industrial needs. The CHINT uses the right
technologies to create a better solution for commercial and residential
usage. They use solar thermal collectors. The solar thermal collectors
absorb the heat from the sunlight and then transfer the heat to a heat
transfer fluid that includes water, antifreeze, and air. The fluid will be
transported to the heat intended areas.

On-Grid Solar Power Plant

Solar cell power plant that is connected to the public electricity grid is
referred to as on-grid systems. The energy generated by these plants is
fed into the electricity grid, and any surplus electricity is sold to the local
power distribution company (DISCOM). DISCOM then uses this excess
energy to supply electricity during night hours when sunlight is
unavailable.
These solar plant systems are designed to work alongside the existing
electrical grid, making them an ideal choice for people who use a large
amount of electricity and want to reduce their energy bills. Net
metering may or may not be necessary for installing an on-grid solar
power plant.
Working: This is among the types of solar power plants that enable you
to take advantage of any surplus energy solar power plant for

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home generation during the day. This excess energy can be sent to the
main electrical grid, earning you money through the Net Metering
system provided by the Indian government. In a power outage, the
stored energy can be accessed from the grid among such types of solar
systems.

Off-Grid Solar Power System

An off-grid system is a solar power plant that operates independently of
the electrical grid. This type of solar plant system stores solar energy
generated by solar panels in batteries. It uses a charge controller,
inverter, and grid box to convert the energy into usable electricity.
This solar cell power plant also includes a mounting structure and
balance to ensure the panels are positioned correctly to maximise the
available sunlight. The energy created during the day is stored and can
be used at night, providing uninterrupted access to power for the user.
Working: This is one of the types of solar power plants that use
batteries supplied by the solar system to store unused electricity. A solar
inverter is also included, which enables the system to convert the direct
current from the batteries into an alternating current.

Ground-Mounted Solar Power System

Ground-mounted solar cell power plants are centralised generators on the ground connected to the
public power grid. These plants typically include solar panels, inverters, and other power grid
equipment.

Notably, such types of solar systems are set up to supply electricity to

government bodies or companies. These solar panel plants can be a
viable option to meet high energy demand as they are potent, with a
large capacity.

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Working: You may have seen a massive expanse of land dotted with
solar panels. Ground-mounted power plants of immense capacity are
designed to power housing societies and industries and promote
sustainable development.

Commercial Solar Power Plant

Commercial solar plants are facilities connected to the electricity grid
and powered by solar energy. These solar plant systems include solar
panels, a solar inverter, and other components necessary to convert
sunlight into electricity. These are then fed into the grid and made
accessible to the general public.
Working: Commercial solar power plants are large-scale photovoltaic
systems that are usually installed to save on electricity costs or generate
revenue. This solar power plant model generates electricity when the
grid is up and running. Any excess power produced will be fed back into
the grid through net metering, and you will receive credits for the power
in return.

Advantages of a Solar Power Plant

Now that you know how many types of solar systems there are, let’s talk
about their advantages. Solar power plants’ advantages significantly
affect energy saving and maintaining an eco-friendly environment. Here
are some of them:

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  One-time investment: The energy generation price is virtually
nonexistent as no external resources are necessary. Apart from the
initial investment in constructing a solar energy plant, no other
expenses are associated.
 Constant energy supply: The sun’s limitless energy production
makes it an invaluable renewable energy source, providing
abundant energy.
 Eco-friendly: Renewable energy is an excellent environmental
choice, as it is one of the cleanest energy sources available.
The Solar power plant doesn’t generate noise pollution or produce
waste, so it does not negatively impact the environment.
 Power backup: Solar cell power plants can be beneficial in voltage
dips and blackouts, as they can help maintain a consistent power
output level.
 Easy installation: Installing a solar power plant is easy and
adaptable when you know the essential solar power plant
information. Its versatility allows it to be established in nearly any
location, making it possible to produce energy even in isolated
locations.
 No energy loss: The energy is not dissipated in the process, thus
maintaining optimal performance.

Disadvantages of a Solar Power Plant

Although solar energy power plant has plenty of benefits, it has certain
limitations. Below are some of them:

 Requires non-shaded areas: Only areas not in the shade are

needed for installation.

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  Expensive initial cost: The initial expense of installing a solar
power plant is high.
 Constant maintenance: Regular upkeep is essential for continual
operation.
 Output may vary: The solar panel output varies depending on
the solar power plant information provided. It may not be
sufficient in many places like big societies and buildings.

Reference

https://www.bing.com/ck/a?!
&&p=cfd0ddb4ae204659JmltdHM9MTY5NzUwMDgwMCZpZ3VpZD0wNjdlYmMzNS1mZTUyLTZiMWQtM
WM3Ni1hZjkyZmY2NDZhN2MmaW5zaWQ9NTIwOA&ptn=3&hsh=3&fclid=067ebc35-fe52-6b1d-1c76-

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af92ff646a7c&psq=reference+link+solar+power+plant&u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuaXBsLm9yZy9lc3NheS9T
b2xhci1FbmVyZ3ktQ29uY2x1c2lvbi1GQ0NEWlhaM1VV&ntb=1

https://www.bing.com/ck/a?!
&&p=1c051d5a15ed7371JmltdHM9MTY5NzUwMDgwMCZpZ3VpZD0wNjdlYmMzNS1mZTUyLTZiMWQtM
WM3Ni1hZjkyZmY2NDZhN2MmaW5zaWQ9NTIyOA&ptn=3&hsh=3&fclid=067ebc35-fe52-6b1d-1c76-
af92ff646a7c&psq=reference+link+solar+power+plant&u=a1aHR0cHM6Ly9pY2xlaXNlYXMub3JnL3dwLWN
vbnRlbnQvdXBsb2Fkcy8yMDIwLzA5L0FDUC1QYXNpZ19Ub1JfUm9vZnRvcC1TUFYtU3lzdGVtLVNlcnZpY2Ut
UHJvdmlkZXIucGRm&ntb=1

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 Conclusion
From this micro project we were understand the Solar energy is a
clean, pollution free and renewable source of energy. Development of
this source of energy requires an accurate detailed long-term
knowledge of the potential taking into account seasonal variations.

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