A Causal- Comparative Study on the Motivation Score of Taytay Senior High School and Golden

Faith Academy SHS Students

LA7- Chapter 1: Background of the Study

11- Mauritius

Group 3

Group Leader
(Normal) Fonte, Anika

Group Members
(Normal) Almazan, Diether
(Normal) Herrera, Gabriel
(Normal) Medina, Jan Cedric
(Normal) Navaritte, Angela
(Normal) Solarte, Ricah Ella
(Normal) Talaid, Jayvewyne
 Chapter I: Introduction

This chapter contains an introduction to the problem that the researcher wants to address.
In addition, this chapter also states the background of the study, the statement of the problem, and
the significance of the study.

A. Background of the study

Low Quality of Education

The low quality of education is a problem around the world. Countries from low and
middle-income learning poverty increased from 57% before the pandemic to 70% of 10-year-old
children who couldn't understand simple text (World Bank, 2022), and the Philippines is no
exception to this problem. The Philippines has many problems with its quality of education (Future
Learn, 2021) and one of these problems is the learning poverty rate of the Philippines.

The learning poverty rate of the Philippines is 91% and 90.4% for the deprivation rate
(Balinbin, 2022), which is higher than the average for the Pacific region and East Asia with a
percentage of 56%(Monsod 2023). The Philippines scored at the bottom out of 79 countries that
participated in the 2018 reading comprehension (Tan, 2022). The Philippines scored at the bottom
out of 79 countries that participated in the 2018 reading comprehension (Tan, 2022). Walker
(2023) and Domingo (2023) have the same statement that 90% or 9 out of 10 students are not
capable of reading and understanding simple text at the age of 10. Also, children at the age of 10
who are unable to read increased from 57% in 2019 to 70% in 2022 (Philippine Daily Inquirer,
2022). The Philippines is also experiencing poverty in learning in terms of mathematics and
science.

Each Filipino student flunked in mathematics (Bernardo et al., 2022) and scored the lowest
in the Program for International Students Assessment (PISA) among all participating countries
(Villegas, 2022) and 72% of students performed below the expectations in the PISA in 2018
(Filoteo, 2021). Over 78% of students from the Philippines failed in each of the three subjects of
the PISA (Philippine Business for Education, 2023) and so, the Philippines ranked the lowest in
reading and second to the lowest in math and science out of the 79 countries that participated
based on the PISA headlines (FEU Public Policy Center, 2022).
 There are also problems with the curriculum of k-12, especially the senior high school
curriculum. PBED states that a 1/4 of parents reported that their child is not learning despite the
effort of giving the learners a learning option that suits their circumstances (PBED 2023).

There are at least 68% or around four million out of six million students who enrolled in
senior high school last school year 2022-2023 (Philstar, 2023) and only four out of 10 Filipinos are
satisfied with the senior high school program (Chi, 2023). Scidevnet and Unesco(2022) study
showed that they received low rankings performance in 3 different examinations that tested
students' performance in stem subjects within 5 years (Scidevnet 2022). Furthermore, the study of
Dr. Porferio M. Almerino Jr. of Cebu Technological University showed that the students from ABM
and STEM strands have a high academic performance, while the students from TVL, GAS, and
HUMSS have average to below average test scores (Santos, 2022) acad performance.

Moreover, the Philippines school facilities are also not in a good condition that can
contribute to the quality of education in the Philippines. In the study of Micheal Olugbenga, there
are impacts of not having good facilities in the school in the academic performance of the
students.

The Philippines is lacking in funds and facilities (Bai, 2023) and even rural schools
experience this problem as well (Sharma, 2022). Poverty also plays a role in the quality of
education.

Poverty is also a problem in the Philippines because it affects the quality of education and
makes it difficult for students to access some educational services (Lastimosa et al., 2022). Poor
students struggled during the pandemic because they had no access to devices (Big Pond
Education Philippines, 2022). Even before the pandemic came, there were almost 260 million
children who were not in school around the world (Global Business Coalition for Education 2022),
and the learning poverty in pre-pandemic in the Philippines was at 90.9% (Chanco, 2022). Around
18.6% of Filipino children are not attending school. (Ceballos, 2023). These problems caused the
low quality of education in the country (Drew, 2023). As a result, the academic performance of
Filipinos remains poor.
Poor Academic Performance of Filipino Students

Over the past few years, Filipinos have been performing poorly in academics. The
education crisis in the Philippines worsened during the pandemic (Gita-Carlos, 2021). The 2018
assessment of PISA showed that 71.8% of Philippine students were performing poorly
academically (Wanddell, 2022). Literacy is one of the shortcomings of Filipino students.

Filipino students find it difficult to read and speak with the English language. 70.44% of
graduates in the Philippines don't have enough skills to speak English fluently (Tang, 2022). Also,
the Management Association of the Philippines (MAP) said that since 2018 Filipino students have
the lowest score in reading and second to the last score in mathematics (Talavera, 2023). In
addition to literature, Filipino students also struggle with mathematics and science.

The Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) in 2019 showed that
Filipino students got the lowest scores in mathematics (Magsambol, 2020). Students from grades
1-12 in private schools that were tested by the Philippine Assessment for Learning Loss Solutions
(PALLS) also did not meet passing scores set by the DepEd for math and science (Bautista,
2023). This poor performance is linked to the student's motivation to study.

The Motivation Score of Filipino Students

There are many causes for losing motivation to study. Loss of interest and motivation
affects the academic performance of students from elementary to senior high academically
(Philippine News Agency, 2022). One of the reasons for this is the lack of support in studying.

Schools should give more attention to underperforming students and motivate them to
study, especially during this pandemic (Beboso & Bual, 2022). Not to mention some students in
the Philippines are experiencing mental exhaustion and insecurities academically because they
did not meet the expected standards (Flores, 2023). In addition, the changes in the mode of
learning also affected the Filipino students' motivation scores.

Face-to-face classes have a positive effect on the motivation score of Filipino students. A
grade 12 ABM student from a private school in Bulacan said that education in online classes isn't
enough compared to face-to-face classes (Varcas, 2021). Furthermore, 91% of Filipino senior high
students improved in in-person learning and 82% of them said that they are more motivated during
face-to-face classes (Cabrera, 2022). This must be because difficulty in finances makes students'
access to technology hard which may result in losing motivation to learn (Santos, 2021).

B. Statement of the Problem

The focus of this study is to compare the differences in academic performance of senior
high school students of Golden Faith Academy and Taytay Senior High School. Below are the
following questions for better understanding and to gain results about the said issue:

1. How do the teachers, students, and parents affect the academic performance of both the
schools of Golden Faith Academy Senior High School and Taytay Senior High School
students in terms of the low-quality education that is happening in the Philippines?

2. Is the environment inside the campus of Golden Faith Academy Senior High School and
Taytay Senior High School students important in regards to their academic performance in
the said schools?

C. Significance of the Study

This study is meant to serve as an eye-opener for the government officials of the
Philippines and to improve the quality of education in the Philippines. It also aims to highlight the
difficulties and problems that senior high school students from Taytay Senior High and Golden
Faith Academy encounter in studying and how these affect their academic performance. The
following individuals will benefit from the study's findings:

For Students: the findings will reveal the challenges that the students from different
schools are experiencing.

Parents: will be informed about the difficulties that their SHS student child is facing.

For Government officials: the findings will give them an idea of the plans that they are
going to make to enhance the quality of education.
 For Future researchers: the research findings will provide an opportunity for them to
improve and extend their research about the same topic or concept.
 REFERENCES

Bai, N. (2023, August 5). Educational Challenges in the Philippines. Philippine Institute for
Development Studies.
https://pids.gov.ph/details/news/in-the-news/educational-challenges-in-the-philippines?fbclid
=IwAR2E1e5Zkm_EHJEPHzBnd1STjoqXi52hgTxy4yyVZgHRXKgN2aXjak4nfpE

Balinbin, A. L. (2022, October 31). Private schools bleed with exodus of students, teachers into
public education. BusinessWorld.
https://www.bworldonline.com/top-stories/2022/10/31/483807/private-schools-bleed-with-ex
odus-of-students-teachers-into-public-education/?fbclid=IwAR1hBLUx1WkZZ-d_zmvj0o6O
F-suiDV9vrSb_XFxd1GhXZLKpsH51_3A0eg

Bautista, J. (2023, March 13). Grades 1-12 private school learners flunk math, science
assessment. INQUIRER.net.
https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1741846/grades-1-12-private-school-learners-flunk-math-s
cience-assessment

Beboso, T., & Bual, M. (2022, July 29). Students’ Motivation and Perception in Learning Social
Science Using Distance Learning Modality During COVID-19- Pandemic. PhilArchive.
Retrieved October 28, 2023, from
https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://philarchive.
org/archive/BEBSMA&ved=2ahUKEwi_9Mb8y5iCAxXLT2wGHUjGBNIQFnoECA4QAQ&us
g=AOvVaw0W_7YHQGZ-S_D2MhDjTvlZ

Bernardo, A. B. I.,et.al (2022). Contrasting Profiles of Low-Performing Mathematics Students in

Public and Private Schools in the Philippines: Insights from Machine Learning. Journal of
Intelligence, 10(3), 61. https://doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence10030061

Big Pond Education Philippines (2022, July 14). State of the Philippine Education System:
Overcoming the Pandemic. Linkedin. Retrieved October 28, 2023, from
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/state-philippine-education-system-overcoming-

Cabrera, R. (2022, January 7). DepEd: Most student participants satisfied with in-person learning.
Philippine Star. Retrieved October 28, 2023, from
https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2022/01/07/2152327/deped-most-student-participants-s
atisfied-person-learning

Cayabyab & Marcelo , M. J. &. E.(2023, September 3). Only 4 In 10 Happy With Senior High
School Program. One News.
https://www.onenews.ph/articles/only-4-in-10-happy-with-senior-high-school-program
Ceballos, X. D. (2023, September 25). Economic National News. Manila Bulletin.
https://mb.com.ph/2023/9/24/psa-nearly-20-of-filipino-children-not-in-school

Chanco, B. (2022, July 4). Crisis in education. Philstar Global.

https://www.philstar.com/business/2022/07/04/2192779/crisis-education

Chi, C. (2023, April 25). 'Less than ideal': More than a quarter of senior high-age students not in
school. Phil.Star.
https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2023/04/25/2261559/less-ideal-more-quarter-senior-hig
h-age-students-not-school

Domingo, R.W. (2023, September 22). PH ‘learning poverty’ still among region’s worst. Inquirer.
https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1835164/ph-learning-poverty-still-among-regions-worst

Drew, C. (2023, July 22). Lack Of Education: 11 Lifelong Effects. HelpfulProfessor.com. Retrieved
October 28, 2023, from
https://getgoodessay.com/college-essays/essay-about-education-in-the-philippines/

Duterte, S. (2023, January 30). Basic Education Report 2023 Speech. Office of the Vice President.
https://ovp.gov.ph/post/basic-education-report-2023-speech

Filoteo, M. (2021, September 26). The Philippine Education System in Crisis. PIDS.
https://pids.gov.ph/details/the-philippine-education-system-in-crisis

Flores, H. (2023, January 31). Marcos vows upgrade of schools, teachers | Philstar.com.
Philippine Star. Retrieved October 28, 2023, from
https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2023/01/31/2241430/marcos-vows-upgrade-schools-tea
chers

Future Learn (2021, August 6). Explore: The education system in the Philippines. Retrieved
October 28, 2023, from
https://www.futurelearn.com/info/futurelearn-international/explore-philippines-education-syst
em

Gita-Carlos, R. (2021, July 1). World Bank Report on ph education ‘disturbing, very alarming.’
PHILIPPINES NEWS AGENCY.https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1145626

Global Business Coalition for Education. (2022, April 1). Understanding the global education crisis.
https://gbc-education.org/understanding-the-global-education-crisis/
Lastimosa, A. A. N., Lomongo, I., Sardena, A. M. U., Yanson, K. S. P., & Cabanilla, A. B., Jr.
(2022, November 12). Negative Effects of Poverty on the Academic Achievement among
Children with Special Needs in the Philippines: A Meta-Synthesis. IJRASET. Retrieved
October 28, 2023, from
https://www.ijraset.com/research-paper/negative-effects-of-poverty-on-the-academic-achiev
ement

Macasero, R. (n.d.). Philippine classroom shortage rises to 159,000 – DepEd. Rappler.

https://www.rappler.com/nation/deped-report-classroom-shortage-school-year-2023-2024/#:
~:text=DepEd%20lacks%2091%2C000%20classrooms%20for%20school%20year%20202
2%2D2023&text=Based%20on%20this%20parameters%2C%20at,K%2D6

Magsambol, B. (2023, January 30). Sara Duterte: Important lessons missing in K to 12 curriculum.
RAPPLER.
https://www.rappler.com/nation/sara-duterte-report-k12-important-lessons-missing/

Magsambol, B. (2020, December 12). Ph lowest among 58 countries in math, Science – Global
Assessment.RAPPLER.
https://www.rappler.com/nation/filipino-students-lagging-behind-math-science-timms-interna
tional-results-2019/

Mateo, J. (2023, August 20). Proposed Budget Not Enough To Address Classroom Shortage.
Proposed Budget Not Enough to Address Classroom Shortage | OneNews.PH.
https://www.onenews.ph/articles/proposed-budget-not-enough-to-address-classroom-shorta
ge

Monsod, W. (2023, June 6). [ANALYSIS] What they don’t tell you about Philippine education and
health. RAPPLER.
https://www.rappler.com/voices/analysis-what-they-do-not-tell-you-about-education-health-s
ystems-problems-philippines/

Ombay, G. (2023, March 13). Private school learners face learning loss in science, math due to
covid-19 pandemic -study. GMA News Online.
https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/nation/863718/private-school-learners-face-l
earning-loss-in-science-math-due-to-covid-19-pandemic-study/story/

Olugbenga, M. (n.d.). IMPACT OF SCHOOL FACILITIES ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE

OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA. Research Publish
Journals.
https://www.researchpublish.com/upload/book/IMPACT%20OF%20SCHOOL%20FACILITIE
S-7960.pdf

Palatino, M. (2023, February 22). The Philippines’ basic education crisis. The Diplomat.
https://thediplomat.com/2023/02/the-philippines-basic-education-crisis/
Philippine Business for Education (2023, June 2). State of Philippine Education Report 2023.
Philippine Business for Education.
https://www.pbed.ph/blogs/47/PBEd/State%20of%20Philippine%20Education%20Report%2
02023#:~:text=At%20least%2078%25%20of%20students,Literacy%2C%20Level%202%20
or%20higher.

Philippine Daily Inquirer (2022, July 21). An education system in crisis: What is the way forward
under a Marcos presidency?. Inquirer.net.
https://opinion.inquirer.net/155266/an-education-system-in-crisis-what-is-the-way-forward-u
nder-a-marcos-presidency?fbclid=IwAR3tt3bqAULKmS2o_4GmUQu-jcDpRWn7a89CMhvT

Philippine Daily Inquirer. (2022, September 23). ‘Victory for education’ means addressing learning
loss, low education quality, teachers’ training. Inquirer.
https://opinion.inquirer.net/157235/victory-for-education-means-addressing-learning-loss-lo
w-education-quality-teachers-training#ixzz8Fts3I0lH

Program launched to help address barriers to continuing education. (2022, April 24). Philippine
News Agency. Retrieved October 28, 2023, from https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1172817

Santos, B. (2021, October 29). Research: Filipino Children Struggle To Study At Home Due To
Distractions; Prefer Face-To-Face Classes. OneNews.PH. Retrieved October 28, 2023,
from
https://www.onenews.ph/articles/research-filipino-children-struggle-to-study-at-home-due-to
-distractions-prefer-face-to-face-classes

Sharma, S. (2022, January 19). Lack of quality education in rural schools leading to skillset
problems in Indian workforce. INDIA TODAY. Retrieved October 28, 2023, from
https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/lack-of-quality-education-in-rural-schools-leading-to-skil
lset-problems-in-indian-workforce-2323768-2023-01-19

Sison, M. (2022, May 12). Philippine struggle to make the grade in STEM education. SciDevNet.
https://www.scidev.net/asia-pacific/scidev-net-investigates/philippine-struggle-to-make-the-g
rade-in-stem-education/?fbclid=IwAR2hYKN1ejsJUIFV8Pl10G9hHKq7jE_fXGkqSsHVCut38
_RDI-_kcr90mic

Tang, R. (2020, October 7). STATISTICS ABOUT PHILIPPINE EDUCATION YOU SHOULD
KNOW ABOUT IN 2020. Level up Academy.
https://levelupacad.com/blogs/news/statistics-about-philippine-education-you-should-know-
about-in-2020/
Varcas, M. (2021, June 11). The Struggle Is Real: These Students Find Blended Learning
Mentally, Emotionally Draining. OneNews.PH. Retrieved October 28, 2023, from
https://www.onenews.ph/articles/the-struggle-is-real-two-students-find-blended-learning-me
ntally-emotionally-draining

Talavera, C. (2023, July 11). MAP: Addressing Education Crisis Should Be Prioritized.
OneNews.PH. Retrieved October 28, 2023, from
https://www.onenews.ph/articles/map-addressing-education-crisis-should-be-prioritized

Tang, R. (2022, October 7). Statistics about Philippine Education you should know about in 2020.
Level Up Academy.
https://levelupacad.com/blogs/news/statistics-about-philippine-education-you-should-know-
about-in-2020/

Teodoro, L. V. (2020, July 9). Philippine education in crisis. Business World.

https://www.bworldonline.com/editors-picks/2020/07/09/304328/philippine-education-in-cris/

The World Bank (2022, June 23). 70% of 10-Year-Olds now in Learning Poverty, Unable to Read
and Understand a Simple Text. Retrieved October 28, 2023, from
https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2022/06/23/70-of-10-year-olds-now-in-le
arning-poverty-unable-to-read-and-understand-a-simple-text

Villegas, B. (2022, September 27). Improving quality of Philippine education. Manila Bulletin.
https://mb.com.ph/2022/09/27/improving-quality-of-philippine-education/

Villegas, B. M. (2022, September 27). Addressing the Philippine education crisis. BusinessWorld.
https://www.bworldonline.com/opinion/2022/09/27/476965/addressing-the-philippine-educati
on-crisis-5/

Walker, R. U. M. S. (2023, March 25). Three ways to help fix the learning crisis | Inquirer Opinion.
INQUIRER.net.
https://opinion.inquirer.net/161955/three-ways-to-help-fix-the-learning-crisis#:~:text=The%2
0Philippines%20is%20in%20a,appropriate%20text%20at%20age%2010

Wanddell, G. (2022, August 5). Pisa 2018 results - pisa - OECD. Frontiers in Education.
https://www.oecd.org/pisa/publications/pisa2018results/

(2021, September 1). Education issues in the Philippines: The ongoing struggle. ChildHope
Philippines.
https://childhope.org.ph/education-issues-in-the-philippines/?fbclid=IwAR06Q1Nz_ec7bjI1D
Ggrc0bGfwhhKnElBC-dRqOZKtKg-xohyhC4-ioQQDw
(2021, November 18). DepEd posts 4% increase in enrollment for basic education in SY
2021-2022. DepEd.gov.ph.
https://www.deped.gov.ph/2021/11/18/deped-posts-4-increase-in-enrollment-for-basic-educ
ation-in-sy-2021-2022/

(2022, February 24). PISA and What it Revealed About the Quality of our Education System. FEU
PUBLIC POLICY CENTER.
https://publicpolicy.feu.org.ph/news/pisa-and-what-it-revealed-about-the-quality-of-our-educ
ation-system/

(2022, December 9). Philippine struggle to make the grade in STEM education. UNESCO.
https://bangkok.unesco.org/content/philippine-struggle-make-grade-stem-education?fbclid=I
wAR0rLZVAQtm1fFuuw0LK5pZGhznxnMGoKJRzHNIIuBgRVfMqJD3kclkMhQo

(n.d.). State of Philippine Education Report 2023. PBEd.

https://www.pbed.ph/blogs/47/PBEd/State%20of%20Philippine%20Education%20Report%2
02023