Practical-5

Solution of systems of ordinary differential

equations

DSolve[{eqn1,eqn2,…},{Subscript[y, 1][x],Subscript[y, 2][x] ,…},x] solve a

system of differential equations for Subscript[y, i][x]

Question 1: find the general solution of the following linear system 2 dx/dt
-2dy/dt-3x = t, 2dx/dt+2dy/dt+3x+8y = 2.
In[2]:= DSolve [{2 x '[t] - 2 y '[t] - 3 x [t] ⩵ t , 2 x '[t] + 2 y '[t] + 3 x[t] + 8 y[t] ⩵ 2}, { x[t], y[t]} , t]
1 19 t
 x[t] → ⅇ 1 + 3 ⅇ  ⅇ (- 7 - 5 t) + ⅇ
-3 t 4t -t 3t
Out[2]= - -
64 9 3
1 19 1 1
ⅇ - 1 + ⅇ  ⅇ -t +ⅇ ⅇ 1 + 3 ⅇ  1 - ⅇ - 1 + ⅇ  2 ,
-3 t 4t 3t -t -3 t 4t -3 t 4t
(7 + 5 t) +
64 3 4 2
3 19 t
y[t] → - ⅇ
-3 t
- 1 + ⅇ
4t
 ⅇ
-t
(- 7 - 5 t) + ⅇ
3t
- +
128 9 3
1 19 3 1
ⅇ 3 + ⅇ  ⅇ -t +ⅇ ⅇ - 1 + ⅇ  1 + ⅇ 3 + ⅇ   2 
-3 t 4t 3t -t -3 t 4t -3 t 4t
(7 + 5 t) -
128 3 8 4

'

Question 2: find the general solution of the following linear system dx/dt
+dy/dt-2x-4y = e^t, dx/dt+dy/dt-y = e^4t.
In[4]:= DSolve [{ x '[t] + y '[t] - 2 x [t] - 4 y[t] ⩵ Exp [ t] , x '[t] + y '[t] - y[t] ⩵ Exp [4 t]}, { x[t], y[t]} , t]
1
 x[t] → - ⅇ - 1 + ⅇ + × 3 ⅇ - ⅇ +ⅇ +ⅇ  1 ,
t 3t -2 t 3t 6t -2 t
Out[4]=
3
2
y[t] → ⅇ t - 1 + ⅇ 3 t  - × 3 ⅇ
-2 t
- ⅇ
3t
+ⅇ
6t
+ⅇ
-2 t
 1 
9

Question 3: find the general solution of the following linear system dx/dt +dy/dt-
x = -2t, dx/dt+dy/dt-3x-y = t^2.
In[5]:= DSolve [{ x '[t] + y '[t] - x [t] ⩵ - 2 t , x '[t] + y '[t] - 3 x[t] - y[t] ⩵ t ^ 2}, { x[t], y[t]} , t]
1 1
 x[t] → - 2 t - t + × 4 × - 2 + 2 t + t  - ⅇ  1 , y[t] → 2 t + t + × - 4 × - 2 + 2 t + t  + ⅇ  1 
2 2 -t 2 2 -t
Out[5]=
4 2

Question 4: find the general solution of the following linear system dx/dt +dy/dt-
x -3y= e^t, dx/dt+dy/dt+x = e^3t.
2

In[6]:= DSolve [{ x '[t] + y '[t] - x [t] - 3 y[t] ⩵ Exp [ t] , x '[t] + y '[t] + x[t] ⩵ Exp [3 t]}, { x[t], y[t]} , t]
3 4
 x[t] → - ⅇ - 1 + ⅇ + ⅇ - 3 + 4 ⅇ +ⅇ 1 ,
t 2t t 2t -3 t
Out[6]= ×
16 3
1 4
y[t] → ⅇ t - 1 + ⅇ 2 t  + × - ⅇ - 3 + 4 ⅇ
t 2t
-ⅇ
-3 t
 1 
8 3

Question 5: find the general solution of the following linear system dy/dt=0,
dx/dt+10x = t^2, dz/dt+24z = e^t..
In[8]:= DSolve [{y '[t] ⩵ 0 , x '[t] + 10 x [t] ⩵ t ^ 2, z '[t] + 24 z[t] ⩵ Exp [t]}, {y[t], x[t], z[t]} , t]
1 ⅇt
 y[t] →  1 , x[t] → × 1 - 10 t + 50 t  + ⅇ  2 , z[t] → +ⅇ  3 
2 - 10 t - 24 t
Out[8]=
500 25

Question 6: find the general solution of the following linear system

d^2x/dt^2+dy/dt-x+y = 1, d^2y/dt^2+ dx/dt-x+y = 0..
In[9]:= DSolve [{ x '' [t] + y '[t] - x [t] + y[t] ⩵ 1 , y '' [t] + x '[t] - x[t] + y[t] ⩵ 0}, { x[t], y[t]} , t]

 x[t] → ⅇ - t 1 - ⅇ + t + ⅇ - ⅇ + ⅇ - t - 1 + ⅇ - ⅇ t +
t t -t -t t 2t t
Out[9]=

t2 t2
ⅇ 1 + ⅇ t - ⅇ -ⅇ + -ⅇ 1 - ⅇ + ⅇ t - ⅇ + t +
-t t -t t -t t t t
+
2 2
ⅇ 1 + ⅇ t  1 + ⅇ - 1 + ⅇ - ⅇ t  2 - ⅇ 1 - ⅇ + ⅇ t  3 + 1 - ⅇ + t  4 ,
-t t -t 2t t -t t t t

t2
y[t] → ⅇ t - t t - ⅇ - t - ⅇ - t + ⅇ t - t 1 - ⅇ t + ⅇ t t + ⅇ - t 1 - ⅇ t + ⅇ t t - ⅇ - t - ⅇ t + -ⅇ
-t
1 - 2 ⅇ + ⅇ t
t t

t2
-ⅇ + t + +ⅇ 1 - ⅇ + ⅇ t  1 - ⅇ 1 - ⅇ + ⅇ t  2 - ⅇ 1 - 2 ⅇ + ⅇ t  3 + t  4 
t -t t t -t t t -t t t

Question 7: find the general solution of the following linear system d^2x/dt^2-
dy/dt-x+y = e^t, dy/dt+ dx/dt-4x-y = 2e^t.
 3

In[10]:= DSolve [{ x '' [t] - y '[t] - x [t] + y[t] ⩵ Exp [t] ,

x '[t] + y '[t] - 4 x[t] - y[t] ⩵ 2 Exp [t]}, { x[t], y[t]} , t]
t 21 t 1
21  t
2ⅇ - 1 + ⅇ  × 7 + 3 21 + 7 - 3 21  ⅇ 
- - - ×- 3 + 21 t 21 t
2 2 2

Out[10]=  x[t] → +
21 - 7 + 21  × 7 + 21 

t 21 t 1
21  t
ⅇ 21 - 21 + 21 ⅇ 21 ⅇ  × 3 + 21 + - 3 + 21  ⅇ 
- - - ×- 3 + 21 t 21 t 21 t
2 2 2 +
-
3 21 - 7 + 21  × 7 + 21 

t 21 t t 21 t

2ⅇ 21 - 21 + 21 ⅇ 21 ⅇ  1 ⅇ - 1 + ⅇ  2
- - 21 t 21 t 7 - - 21 t
2 2 + 4 2 2
3
- ,
3 × - 7 + 21  × 7 + 21  - 7 + 21  × 7 + 21 

t 21 t 1
21  t
y[t] → ⅇ 7 + 3 21 + 7 - 3 21  ⅇ ×
- - - ×- 3 + 21 t
2 2 2

3t 21 t

21 + 21 ⅇ 21 ⅇ - 42 ⅇ 
21 t 21 t +
21 - + 2 2

t 21 t 1
21  t
21 × - 7 + 21  × 7 + 21  + ⅇ 3 + 21 + - 3 + 21  ⅇ ×
- - - ×- 3 + 21 t
2 2 2

3t 21 t

21 + 21 ⅇ 21 ⅇ - 42 ⅇ  3 21 - 7 + 21  × 7 + 21  -
21 t 21 t +
21 - 11 + 11 2 2

1 1
21  t
1
21  t
ⅇ 7 + 2 21 + 7 - 2 21  ⅇ + 7 ⅇ2 t -
t - ×- 3 + 21 t ×- 3 +
2

7
t 21 t 3t 21 t

2ⅇ 21 + 21 ⅇ 21 ⅇ - 42 ⅇ 1
- - 21 t 21 t +
2 2 21 - 11 + 11 2 2

-
3 × - 7 + 21  × 7 + 21 

t 21 t 3t 21 t

2ⅇ 21 + 21 ⅇ 21 ⅇ - 42 ⅇ 2
- - 21 t 21 t +
2 2 21 - + 2 2

+ ⅇ  3 
t

3 × - 7 + 21  × 7 + 21 

Question 8: find the general solution of the following linear system dx/dt+2x-3y
= t, dy/dt-3x+2y = e^2t.
In[11]:= DSolve [{ x '[t] + 2 x [t] - 3 y[t] ⩵ t , y '[t] - 3 x[t] + 2 y[t] ⩵ Exp [2 t]}, { x[t], y[t]} , t]
1 ⅇ7 t 1 t
 x[t] → ⅇ - 1 + ⅇ  ⅇ + +ⅇ (- 1 - t) + ⅇ
-5 t 6t t -t 5t
Out[11]= - +
4 7 25 5
1 ⅇ7 t 1 t 1 1
ⅇ 1 + ⅇ  ⅇ - +ⅇ (- 1 - t) + ⅇ ⅇ 1 + ⅇ  1 + ⅇ - 1 + ⅇ  2 ,
-5 t 6t t -t 5t -5 t 6t -5 t 6t
- + +
4 7 25 5 2 2
1 ⅇ7 t 1 t
y[t] → ⅇ
-5 t
1 + ⅇ
6t
 ⅇ +
t
+ⅇ
-t
(- 1 - t) + ⅇ
5t
- +
4 7 25 5
1 ⅇ7 t 1 t 1 1
ⅇ - 1 + ⅇ  ⅇ - +ⅇ (- 1 - t) + ⅇ ⅇ - 1 + ⅇ  1 + ⅇ 1 + ⅇ   2 
-5 t 6t t -t 5t -5 t 6t -5 t 6t
- + +
4 7 25 5 2 2