Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Diamonds are very expensive for several reasons. First, they are difficult to find. They are
only found in a few places in the world. Second, they are useful. People use diamonds to cut
other stones. Third, diamonds do not change. They stay the same for millions of years. And
finally, they are very beautiful.
Mexico City is growing very fast. In 1970 the city had about nine million people. Now it
has over 17 million. All these people are causing problems for the city. There are not enough
jobs. Also, there is not enough housing. Large families have to live together in very small
homes. Many homes do not have water. They also do not have bathroom or electricity. The
Mexican government is worried about all these problems. It is working hard to make life
better in the city.
Why is Mexico City growing so fast? Where all these people coming from? They are
coming to the city from the country. Life is hard on the farms in Mexico. Most people on
farms have to live a very simple life. They have no extra money for modern things. People
think life in the city must be better. So, they leave their farms and move to Mexico City.
Stephanie recently took a weekend trip to Los Angeles, California. Los Angeles is a
coastal city situated along the Pacific Ocean. Many celebrities earned their claim to fame
here. Although the town offers many attractions centered around Hollywood culture, there is
a lot to see and visit in Los Angeles.
Of course, all things related to Hollywood are popular tourist attractions. The
Hollywood Sign, located the Hollywood Hills of the Santa Monica Mountains, is a famous
landmark for this star-studded town. Once in downtown Hollywood, it’s possible to take a
stroll along the Hollywood Walk of Fame. This landmark contains more than 2500 brass stars
dedicated to celebrities who have made a significant impact on the entertainment industry. In
Hollywood, visitors can even take tours of popular movie studios. Stephanie had a chance to
visit Universal Studios, which produces her favorite films.
Los Angeles is also a popular beach town, offering plenty of opportunities for
sunbathing and surfing. A common beach destination is the Santa Monica Pier, which offers
rides and attractions to its visitors. Here, Stephanie rode the iconic Ferris wheel, which
offered her a spectacular view of the city and coast.
These are just some of the things Stephanie experienced during her visit to Los
Angeles. She loved her trip, and she hopes to return someday soon. (Adopted from
Lingua.com)
18. What is the main idea of the passage?
a. The history of Los Angeles
b. Popular beach town of Los Angeles
c. Stephanie experienced during weekend trip in Los Angles
d. Some places to visit in Los Angeles
19. What is true about Los Angeles according to the passage?
a. Los Angeles is a highlands city.
b. The town only offers attractions centered around Hollywood culture.
c. There is a little to see and visit in Los Angeles.
d. Los Angeles is offering plenty of opportunities for swimming and surfing
20. What are offered by Los Angeles as a popular beach town?
a. Plenty of opportunities for sunbathing and fishing
b. Plenty of opportunities for sunbathing and surfing
c. Plenty of opportunities for swimming and surfing
d. Plenty of opportunities for sunbathing and swimming
21. “which offers rides and attractions to its visitors”, the underlined word in the 4 th
paragraph refers to?
a. Los Angeles
b. A beach town
c. The Santa Monica Pier
d. Santa Monica Mountains
22. The word “return” on the last paragraph is closet in meaning to. . .
a. Come
b. Visit
c. Prepare
d. Go back
Theories about how brain works remain a topic of debate. It is agreed, though, that the
hippocampus, a part of the brain, is undeniably important for memory. When we experience
something, the information is sent via our senses to the hippocampus, where it is processed.
Scientists believe that brain cells called neurons first transform the sensory stimuli we
experience into images in our immediate memory. Then, these images are sent to the
hippocampus and stored temporarily in short-term memory. In the hippocampus, information
is organized, and it is during this process that parts of the image of our experience fade away.
Finally, certain information is then transferred to long-term memory in a section in the frontal
lobe of the brain known as the cerebral cortex. Scientists think this process may happen while
we are sleeping, but exactly how the information is transferred from one area of the brain to
another is a mystery. (Adopted from text.co.id)
a. Know that information is sent from the long-term memory to the hippocampus.
b. Have found out why some of the information is lost in the hippocampus.
c. Don’t know exactly how the information is transferred from one area of the brain
to another.
d. Still debate whether the hippocampus is important for memory.
a. the brain was not considered as a highly complex organ in the past.
b. damage to hippocampus doesn’t cause memory loss.
c. all of the information stored in the short term is transferred to the long-time
memory.
d. scientists agree that the hippocampus is important in processing information.
Carbon dating can be used to estimate the age of any organic natural material; it has
been used successfully in archeology to determine the age of ancient artifacts or fossils as
well as in a variety of other fields. The principle underlying the use of carbon dating is that
carbon is a part of all living things on earth. Since a radioactive substance such as carbon-14
has a known half-life, the amount of carbon-14 remaining an object can be used to date that
object.
Carbon-14 has a half-life of 5.570 years, which means that after that number of years
half of the carbon-14 atoms have decayed into nitrogen-14. It is the ratio of carbon-14 to
nitrogen-14 in that substance that indicates the age of substance. If, for example, in a
particular sample the amount of carbon-14 is roughly equivalent to the amount of nitrogen-
14, this indicates that around half of the carbon-14 has decayed into nitrogen-14, and the
sample is approximately 5.570 years old.
Carbon dating cannot be used effectively in dating objects that are older than 80.000
years. When objects are that old, much of the carbon-14 has already decayed into nitrogen-
14, and the minuscule amount that is left does not provide a reliable measurement of age. In
the case of older objects, other age-dating methods are available, methods which use
radioactive atoms with longer half-lives than carbon has. (Adopted from Longman)
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