CY517

LASERs: Application in Welding

Image Credits: Weldologic

Submitted To: Presented By:

V Ramanathan, IIT (BHU) Varanasi Naveen Kumar 20145097
 Introduction
Laser Welding uses a highly concentrated beam
of light on a very tiny spot so that the area under
the laser beam absorbs the light and becomes
highly energetic. As powerful laser beams are
used, the electrons in the area get excited to a
point where the material melts as the result of
the atoms breaking the bonds with each other.

Laser welding can also be used to join plastics.

Two most common lasers used in a laser welding

machine are:
Gas lasers
Solid-state lasers

Examples of these lasers can be CO2 laser and

one of the most common used solid state laser
i.e. Nd-YAG.

Image Credits: Weldologic

 Working Principle of Laser

Generation of Laser Beam Amplification Focusing Delivery to the welding zone

Interaction with Metals Molten Pool Formation Solidification Weld Formation

Image Credits: Weldologic, CanadianMetalWorking, WesterMans, Clean-Air, lasergods, servorobot, weldingproductivity

 Advantages
Precision: Laser welding allows for precise control of the heat-affected zone
and weld geometry, making it suitable for intricate and small-scale welding
applications.
Speed: Laser welding is a high-speed process, and it can be significantly
faster than traditional welding methods.
Minimal Distortion: The concentrated heat source minimizes distortion in
the welded components.
Minimal Heat-Affected Zone: Laser welding produces a small heat-affected
zone, reducing the risk of metallurgical changes in the base metal.
Versatility: Laser welding can be used for a wide range of metals and alloys,
including steel, aluminum, and titanium.
High Quality: Laser-welded joints often exhibit high quality, with good
mechanical properties and low porosity.
Non-Contact: Laser welding is a non-contact process, which means that
there is no physical contact between the welding equipment and the
workpiece
 Technology involved in Laser Welding
Laser Source

Beam Delivery System

Focusing Optics

Motion Control System

Gas Delivery System

Real Time Monitoring and Feedback

Specialized Techniques like Hybrid-Laser Welding

Image Credits: theFabricator, spilasers, amadaweldtech.eu, IPG Photonics

 Areas of Improvement
Power and Speed, increasing the power output of lasers and the welding
speed can lead to faster and more efficient welding processes. High-power
lasers can handle thicker materials and improve production rates
Fiber Lasers have become increasingly popular due to their high beam
quality, reliability, and energy efficiency. Ongoing developments in fiber
laser technology may lead to even more energy-efficient and cost-effective
systems
Welding of Dissimilar Materials, welding of dissimilar materials, such as
metals and plastics.
Miniaturization for smaller manufacturers and field applications
Welding in Challenging Environments such as underwater welding for
marine applications or in space for aerospace projects
Easily Operatable
Cost Reduction
Environmental Consideration
Thank You

Image Credits: Weldologic