Unit No: 1 Cloud Services & Cloud Models

1.1 Introduction to Cloud Computing

Cloud Computing is the delivery of computing services such as servers, storage,

databases, networking, software, analytics, intelligence, and more, over the Cloud
(Internet).Cloud Computing refers to manipulating, configuring, and accessing the
hardware and software resources remotely. It offers online data storage,
infrastructure, and application. Cloud computing offers platform independency, as
the software is not required to be installed locally on the PC. Hence, the Cloud
Computing is making our business applications mobile and collaborative.

Cloud Computing provides an alternative to the on-premises datacentre. With an on-

premises datacentre, we have to manage everything, such as purchasing and
installing hardware, virtualization, installing the operating system, and any other
required applications, setting up the network, configuring the firewall, and setting up
storage for data. After doing all the set-up, we become responsible for maintaining it
through its entire lifecycle.
But if we choose Cloud Computing, a cloud vendor is responsible for the hardware
purchase and maintenance. They also provide a wide variety of software and
platform as a service. We can take any required services on rent. The cloud
computing services will be charged based on usage.
Difference between Cloud Computing vs. Cluster
Computing vs. Grid Computing
Cluster Grid Computing Cloud
Computing Computing
1. Internet No Internet Required Required
access is
required.
2. Management Easy Difficult Difficult
3. Implementation Easy Difficult Difficult-needs to
be done by the
Host.
4. Transparency Yes Yes Yes
5. Operating System All nodes must No restriction is No restriction is
run the same made on the made on the
Operating Operating Operating
System. System. System.
6. Location of Nodes Physically in Distributed Location doesn’t
same Location. Geographically matter.
all over the
globe.
7. Virtualization None None Virtualization is a
key.
Introduction to Cloud Service Models
There are three main types of service models of cloud computing. Each type of cloud
computing provides different levels of control, flexibility, and management so
that you’ll select the proper set of services for your needs.

There are the following three types of cloud service models -

1. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
2. Platform as a Service (PaaS)
3. Software as a Service (SaaS)
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
IaaS is also known as Hardware as a Service (HaaS). It is a computing
infrastructure managed over the internet. The main advantage of using IaaS is that it
helps users to avoid the cost and complexity of purchasing and managing the
physical servers.

Example: DigitalOcean, Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure, Google Compute
Engine (GCE), Rackspace, and Cisco Metacloud.

Characteristics of IaaS
There are the following characteristics of IaaS -
o Resources are available as a service

o Services are highly scalable

o Dynamic and flexible

o GUI and API-based access

o Automated administrative tasks

Platform as a Service (PaaS)

 PaaS cloud computing platform is created for the programmer to develop, test,
run, and manage the applications. It helps to create an application quickly
without managing the underlying infrastructure. For example, when deploying a
web application using PaaS, you don’t have to install an operating system, web
server, or even system updates. However, you can scale and add new features
to your services.
Example: AWS Elastic Beanstalk, Windows Azure, Heroku, Force.com, Google App
Engine, Apache Stratos, Magento Commerce Cloud, and OpenShift.

Characteristics of PaaS
There are the following characteristics of PaaS -
o Accessible to various users via the same development application.
 o Integrates with web services and databases.

o Builds on virtualization technology, so resources can easily be scaled up or

down as per the organization's need.
o Support multiple languages and frameworks.

o Provides an ability to "Auto-scale".

Software as a Service (SaaS)

SaaS is also known as "on-demand software". It is a software in which the
applications are hosted by a cloud service provider. Users can access these
applications with the help of internet connection and web browser.
SaaS provides you with a complete product that is run and managed by the service provider.
The software is hosted online and made available to customers on a subscription basis or for
purchase in this cloud service model.

Example: BigCommerce, Google Apps, Salesforce, Dropbox, ZenDesk, Cisco

WebEx

Characteristics of SaaS
There are the following characteristics of SaaS -
o Managed from a central location

o Hosted on a remote server

o Accessible over the internet

o Users are not responsible for hardware and software updates. Updates are
applied automatically.
o The services are purchased on the pay-as-per-use basis

XaaS (Anything as a Service)

“Anything as a service” (XaaS) describes a general category of services related to cloud
computing and remote access. It recognizes the vast number of products, tools, and

technologies that are now delivered to users as a service over the internet. XaaS is a
collective term that refers to the delivery of anything as a service.

Comparison of IaaS, PaaS & SaaS :_

Graphical Comparison of Cloud Computing Service
Models
Cloud Deployment Models :-
The cloud deployment model identifies the specific type of cloud environment
based on ownership, scale, and access, as well as the cloud’s nature and
purpose. The location of the servers you’re utilizing and who controls them
are defined by a cloud deployment model. It specifies how your cloud
infrastructure will look, what you can change, and whether you will be given
services or will have to create everything yourself. Relationships between the
infrastructure and your users are also defined by cloud deployment types.
Different types of cloud computing deployment models are:
1. Public cloud
2. Private cloud
3. Hybrid cloud

1. Public Cloud
The public cloud makes it possible for anybody to access systems and
services. The public cloud may be less secure as it is open for
everyone. The public cloud is one in which cloud infrastructure
services are provided over the internet to the general people or major
industry groups. The infrastructure in this cloud model is owned by the
entity that delivers the cloud services, not by the consumer. It is a type
of cloud hosting that allows customers and users to easily access
systems and services. This form of cloud computing is an excellent
example of cloud hosting, in which service providers supply services to
a variety of customers. In this arrangement, storage backup and
retrieval services are given for free, as a subscription, or on a per-use
basis.
Example : Google Cloud Platform(GCP), Amazon Web
Services(AWS), Microsoft Azure

2. Private Cloud
The private cloud allows systems and services to be accessible within
an organization. It is more secured because of its private nature.
The private cloud deployment model is the exact opposite of the public
cloud deployment model. It’s a one-on-one environment for a single
user (customer). There is no need to share your hardware with anyone
else. The distinction between private and public cloud is in how you
handle all of the hardware. It is also called the “internal cloud” & it
refers to the ability to access systems and services within a given
border or organization. The cloud platform is implemented in a cloud-
based secure environment that is protected by powerful firewalls and
under the supervision of an organization’s IT department.
The private cloud gives the greater flexibility of control over cloud
resources.

3.Hybrid Cloud
By bridging the public and private worlds with a layer of proprietary
software, hybrid cloud computing gives the best of both worlds. With a
hybrid solution, you may host the app in a safe environment while
taking advantage of the public cloud’s cost savings. Organizations can
move data and applications between different clouds using a
combination of two or more cloud deployment methods, depending on
their needs.

Cloud Platforms:
The operating system and hardware of a server in an Internet-based data
centre are referred to as a cloud platform. It enables remote and large-scale
coexistence of software and hardware devices.

The distribution of various services through the Internet is what a cloud

computing platform is. This is a common definition of a cloud computing
platform. These resources include data storage, servers, databases,
networking, and software, among other tools and applications.

Cloud-based storage allows you to store files to a distant database rather

than maintaining them on a proprietary hard drive or local storage device. As
long as an electronic device has internet connectivity, it has access to the
data as well as the software applications needed to run it.

1. Google Cloud Platform :-

Google Cloud Platform (GCP), offered by Google, is a suite of cloud

computing services that runs on the same infrastructure that Google uses
internally for its end-user products, such as Google Search, Gmail, Google
Drive, and YouTube. Alongside a set of management tools, it provides a
series of modular cloud services including computing, data storage, data
analytics and machine learning. Google Cloud Platform
provides infrastructure as a service, platform as a service, and serverless
computing environments.

2. Microsoft Azure :

Microsoft Azure, often referred to as Azure, is a cloud computing service operated by Microsoft for

application management via Microsoft-managed data centers. It provides software as a service

(SaaS), platform as a service (PaaS) and infrastructure as a service (IaaS) and supports many
different programming languages, tools, and frameworks, including both Microsoft-specific
and third-party software and systems. Azure is a cloud computing platform and an online portal
that allows you to access and manage cloud services and resources provided by Microsoft. These
services and resources include storing your data and transforming it, depending on your requirements.
To get access to these resources and services, all you need to have is an active internet connection and
the ability to connect to the Azure portal.

3. Amazon Web Services :

AWS (Amazon Web Services) is a comprehensive, evolving cloud computing platform provided by
Amazon that includes a mixture of infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS), platform-as-a-service (PaaS)
and packaged-software-as-a-service (SaaS) offerings. AWS is separated into different services;
each can be configured in different ways based on the user's needs. Users can see
configuration options and individual server maps for an AWS service.

4.Saleforce :

Salesforce is one of the best cloud-based CRM platforms. It is an integrated CRM platform that
provides a single shared view of each customer for all the departments within an organization, such as
Marketing, Sales, Commerce, and Service. Salesforce offers six major types of clouds: Sales Cloud,
Marketing Cloud, Commerce Cloud, Service Cloud, Experience Cloud, and Analytics Cloud