NAGHAM MOHAMED

12 D
AMSS
Northen colonies

■ New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island and Connecticut

■ The Pilgrims were the early settlers of New England.
■ They founded Plymouth, in what is now Massachusetts, in 1620.
■ The Pilgrims were fleeing religious persecution in England. Many of them wanted to
“separate” from England’s official church, the Church of England (the Anglican
church).
■ In 1630 the Puritans founded the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
■ The Puritans also had differences with the Church of England. However, they
wanted to make reforms to the church rather than to separate from it
Middle colonies

■ New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, and Delaware

■ They were located south of the New England colonies of New Hampshire,
Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut.
■ The Dutch and the Swedes established the first permanent European
settlements throughout much of the Middle colonies.
■ The Dutch settled in what is now New York in 1624 and in New Jersey in 1660.
■ The Swedes established settlements in the areas now known as Pennsylvania
and Delaware in 1638.
■ They remained in control until the Dutch took over in the 1650s.
■ In 1664 the English seized all the Dutch territory in America.
■ Parts of New Jersey, Delaware, and Pennsylvania became safe havens for the
Southern colonies

■ The Southern colonies were Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and
Georgia.
■ The English were the first Europeans to settle the Southern colonies.
■ In 1606 an expedition of colonists sailed from England to the New World.
■ The next year they established Jamestown Colony in what is now the state
of Virginia.
■ It was the first permanent English settlement in America.
■ Roman Catholics founded Maryland in 1634 as a religious refuge.
■ Virginians eventually moved south, into the Carolinas, and settled there about
1653.
■ Charles Town (now Charleston, South Carolina), founded in 1670, was the first
permanent English settlement in the province of Carolina.
■ (North Carolina and South Carolina did not become separate provinces until
1712.)
■ Georgia was the last of the 13 colonies to be settled.
■ British general James Oglethorpe founded the colony in 1733 as a haven for
imprisoned debtors and the poor.
■ The colony was also open to persecuted Protestants from Germany and Austria.
Oglethorpe envisioned the Georgia colony as a buffer separating the English
colonies from the Spaniards in Florida and the French in Louisiana