Colonization of North America; the Thirteen

Colonies; Revolutionary War. Economical

dominance of the United States in the world

Prepared by
British colonialism
Reasons for colonization:
● England wanted to start an American colony to increase their wealth and power so
that they could compete with other European countries like Spain and France.
● They were hoping to be able to find silver and gold in America. (This would help
increase their wealth!)
● An American settlement would give England raw materials (like wood and metal)
they didn’t have in England. This would allow them to increase their trading with
other places.
First Unsuccessful English Colony
The establishment of the Roanoke Colony was an attempt by
Sir Walter Raleigh to found the first permanent English
settlement in North America. The first Roanoke colony was
founded in 1585 on Roanoke Island.

Following the failure of the 1585 settlement, a second

colony – led by John White – landed on the same island in
1587, and set up another settlement that became known as
the Lost Colony due to the subsequent unexplained
disappearance of its population.

In 1590 John White came back and found the settlement is

abandoned. The cryptic word, "CROATOAN," was found
carved into the palisade, which White interpreted to mean
the colonists had relocated to Croatoan Island. Before he
could follow this lead, rough seas and a lost anchor forced
him to return to England.
The 13 Colonies
Chronology of the founding of
the English colonies
● 1607 - Virginia (Jamestown)
● 1620 - Massachusetts (Plymouth and the
Massachusetts Harbor Settlement)
● 1626 - New York
● 1633 - Maryland
● 1636 - Rhode Island
● 1636 - Connecticut
● 1638 - Delaware
● 1638 - New Hampshire
● 1653 - North Carolina
● 1663 - South Carolina
● 1664 - New Jersey
● 1682 - Pennsylvania
● 1733 - Georgia
In 1606, James I sold a charter
containing lands between present-
day South Carolina and the U.S.-
Canada border to two competing
groups of investors. The Plymouth
Company was given the northern
portions, and the London Company
was given the southern portions.
Jamestown
● The Jamestown settlement in the
Colony of Virginia was the first
permanent English settlement in
America.
● Starving time, diseases, little gold
● Africans introduced in 1619
● Tobacco
Plymouth
● Named by Captain John Smith
● The Pilgrims – Puritan Separatists
● Reason for Colony was Religion
● Plays a special role in American
history

Monument of Plymouth Rock

The Middle Colonies and Colonial South
The Middle Colonies, consisting of the
present-day states of New York, New Jersey,
Pennsylvania, and Delaware, were
characterized by a large degree of religious,
political, economic, and ethnic diversity. In
1664, England took over the Dutch colony of
New Netherland, including New Amsterdam,
and renamed it the Province of New York.
Pennsylvania was founded in 1681 as a
proprietary colony of the Quaker, William
Penn.
The colonial South included the plantation
colonies of the Chesapeake region—Virginia
and Maryland—and the lower South
colonies of Carolina and Georgia. Carolina
was not settled until 1670. The original
settlers in South Carolina established a
lucrative trade in provisions, deerskins, and
American Indian captives with the Caribbean
Islands. The settlers came mainly from the
English colony of Barbados and brought
African slaves with them.
The War of Independence
American Revolution (1775-1783)
The American Revolution — also called the U.S. War
of Independence — was the insurrection fought
between 1775 and 1783 through which 13 of Great
Britain’s North American colonies threw off British rule
to establish the sovereign United States of America,
founded with the Declaration of Independence in
1776.

The American Revolution was principally caused by

colonial opposition to British attempts to impose
greater control over the colonies and to make them
repay the crown for its defense during the French and
Indian War. Britain did this primarily by imposing a
series of deeply unpopular laws and taxes, including
the Sugar Act (1764), the Stamp Act (1765), and the
so-called Intolerable Acts (1774).
Declaration of Independence (1776)
The Declaration of Independence, the founding document of
the United States, was approved by the Continental
Congress on July 4, 1776, and announced the separation of
13 North American British colonies from Great Britain. It
explained why the Congress on July 2 “unanimously” (by the
votes of 12 colonies, with New York abstaining) had resolved
that “these United Colonies are, and of right ought to be Free
and Independent States.”
Economical dominance of
USA in the World
Thanks for attention!!