Commercial Geography

Chap 23: Commercial Activities

Gross Domestic Product: it is the total income of the country within the boundary of a country
from local and foreign sources of income.
Gross National Income: is the total amount of money earned by a nation's people and
businesses. It is used to measure and track a nation's wealth. It calculates income instead of
output.
Pakistan and World Trade: Pakistan is the fifth largest populous country in the world but the
share in world trade in just 0.2%.
Pakistan trades mostly with the following regions in the world:
Western Europe (UK, France and Germany)
Far East Asia (China and Japan)-14% of total Pakistan’s trade.
North America (USA and Canada)- 16% of total Pakistan’s trade.
Middle East (Saudi Arabia, UAE, Qatar, Iran)-22% of total Pakistan’s trade
South Asia (Afghanistan, India, Srilanka)
South East Asia (Malaysia, Singapore, Hong Kong and Indonesia)
Eurasia (Australia)
If exports and more than the imports, it is called favourable and if the imports are more than
the exports, it is called unfavourable.

Regional Trade in Pakistan: There are two main regions where internal trade takes place: The
Wester Highlands and the Indus Plain.
With the development of infrastructure and road and railway network, regional trade can be
enhanced.
Major Imports:
Mineral fuels including oil
Machinery including computers
Electrical machinery, equipment
Iron, steel
Vehicles
Organic chemicals
Animal/vegetable fats, oils, waxes
Plastics, plastic articles
Oil seeds
Vegetables
Major Exports:
Miscellaneous textiles, worn clothing
Cotton
Knit or crochet clothing, accessories
Clothing, accessories (not knit or crochet)
Cereals
Leather/animal gut articles
Sugar, sugar confectionery
Optical, technical, medical apparatus
Fish
Salt, sulphur, stone, cement