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3)
Answer and Explanations 1
1
Objective Type Questions We get
a − 3b
is a rational number and 5 is rational
7 5 2b
1 (a)
Let rational and irrational number be and
3 2 number. But it contradicts our assumption that 5 is
respectively irrational.
7 ∴ contradiction has a ariser because of incorrect.
Product of a rational , and
3 ∴ 3 + 2 5 is an irrational number.
5 7 5 7 5 1
an irrational =× = is also irrational. 3. (i)
2 3 2 6 2
Option (a) is correct. 1
Let us assume is rational number
2. (d) To solve these problem firstly we find the prime factors of 2
numbers from 1 to 10 includes. 1 a
∴ = where b ≠ 0 and a and b both are co-prime
2 b
Factors of =
integer.
1=1 2=2 3=3
1 a
4=2×2 5=5 6=2×3 7=7 =
2 b
8=2×2×2 9=3×3 10 = 2 × 5 b
⇒ = 2
LCM of all numbers 1 to 10 = 1 × 2 × 3 × 2 × 5 × 7 × 2 × 3 a
LCM = 23 × 32 × 51 × 71 = 72 × 35 = 2520 Since a and b are integers
Option (d) is correct. b
∴ is a rational number and 2 is rational number But
3. (a) π is an irrational number. a
4. (a) 3 × 12 = 3 × 3 × 4 = 3 × 2 = 6 this contradicts the fact that 2 irrational number.
6 2 1
5. (c) = = 0.4 So, we conclude that is irrational number.
15 5 2
6. False (ii) 7 5
7. False Let us assume that 7 5 is rational number
a
8. Irrational ∴ 7 5 = where b ≠ 0; a and b both are co-prime integers.
b
9. Rational
a
10. 3 is an irrational number where 3 is a prime number. As we 7 5=
b
know that square root of any prime number is always an a
irrational number. ⇒ 5=
7b
∴ Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct
explanation of (A). a
Since a and b are integers, is a rational
Hence option (a) is correct. 7b
∴ 5 is a rational number But this contradicts the fact that
Subjective Type Questions 5 is irrational. So, we conclude that 7 5 is irrational.
1. To solve these problem firstly we write the prime factors of (iii) 6 + 2
12n = (2 × 2 × 3)n = 22n × 3n
Let us assume that 6 + 2 is rational
Also number ending at 0 or 5 is divisible by 5
a
But It does not have 5 in prime factorization. ∴ 6 + 2 =where b ≠ 0; a and b both are coprime.
b
So, 12n can never end with digit 5 or zero a
⇒ 2= −6
2. Let us assume that 3 + 2 5 is a rational number b
a a
∴ 3 + 2 5 = where b ≠ 0 and a and b both are co–prime Since a and b are integers; − 6 is a rational and so, 2
b b
a is a rational number. but this contradicts the facts that 2
integer 2 5= −3
b is irrational.
a − 3b So, we conclude that 6 + 2 is irrational.
⇒ 5=
2b 4. Let us assume, that 3 is not rational.
Since a and b are integers ∴ 3 is rational
392 Mathematics
But this contradicts the fact that 3 is irrational. 10. Let x and y be two odd numbers i.e. x = 2a + 1 and
( 3) ( 3)
2
7. Given 3 is an irrational number. ⇒ 5 =(a ) 2 + − 2(a )
Let us assume that 2 + 3 is a rational number
p ⇒ 2a 3 = a 2 + 3 − 5
A rational number can be written in the form of where
q a2 − 2
⇒ 3=
p and q are co-prime numbers q ≠ 0 2a
p p p − 2q a2 − 2
∴ 2 + 3 =⇒ 3= −2 ⇒ 3= As a2 – 2 and 2a are rational number so is also
q q q 2a