BARAL, MANDY S.

BSBA FM-2201

BASIC SKILLS

1. Serving: The serve is the first contact in a volleyball game, and it's an important
opportunity to gain an advantage over the opposing team. It is a skill that every player
must master as it’s the first move that can give your team momentum and shut down your
opponent’s momentum.

Underhand Serve this serve is used mainly in recreational volleyball. It does not require
the level of skill or coordination that the other types of serves do. With one foot stepped
back, you hold the ball in your opposite hand. Then with your other hand fisted, shift
your weight forward and hit the ball just below the center (or equator) of the ball.

Overhand serves you start with your dominant-side foot back and the ball held extended
in your non-dominant hand. Then you toss the ball up in front of you hitting hand. How
you hit it depends on the type of overhand serve you want to create. The biggest
difference between the types of overhand serves is the server's body position, where
contact is made on the ball, and the follow-through.

Float serve or a floater is a serve that does not spin. It is called a floater because it
moves in unpredictable ways, making it difficult to pass. A float serve catches the air and
can move unexpectedly to the right or the left or it can drop suddenly.To hit a floater, you
make contact in front of your body with your hand hitting behind the middle of the ball.
The arm follows through but only partway. By hitting directly behind the ball, you ensure
there's no spin.

Topspin serve does exactly that—spins rapidly forward from the top. This serve has a
much more predictable movement than a floater, but can be difficult to handle because of
its quick speed and difficult to pass because it drops rapidly.To serve a topspin, you toss
the ball a little higher, step under the toss, and strike the ball underneath, toward the top
of the back in a down and outward motion. The arm follows all the way through with a
wrist snap.

Jump serve is more advanced and utilizes an even higher toss that should be several feet
in front of the server. You uses more of an attack approach, jumping and striking the ball
with the heel of your hand while you're in the air. With this serve, your wrist remains
stiff, then you hold (stop) your palm in position facing the target.
2. Passing: Also known as the bump, is used to receive the ball from the opposing team's
serve or hit. The goal of passing is to keep the ball in play and set up an offensive
play. To pass effectively, the player should get in position, keep their arms straight and
feet parallel, extend their knees forward, and make contact with the ball using their
forearms.

A normal pass is a ball that is received by extending the arms in front of one’s self with
the wrists locked together and the shoulders shrugged to create a stable platform.

An absorb pass is a ball that is received almost identical to a normal pass, but involves
absorbing the impact from the ball by bending your knees and leaning backward.

A deep pass is a ball that is received deep in the court and requires the use of an arm
swing to return it to play rather than being received only by a passing platform.

A diving pass is a ball that is received during a dive, where the player throws themselves
through the air in a controlled fall in order to reach a difficult ball.

A pancake is a ball that is passed by bouncing off of a player’s hand that was placed on
the ground beneath the ball.

3. Setting: Setting or overhead passing is the most important step in an offensive play as it
determines which player gets to spike or attack. This is normally done by the team’s
setter and is the second step in the pass-set-spike sequence.

To set, the player should use their fingertips and create a triangle with their thumb and
fingers. Their hands should be above their heads with their fingers relaxed but steady,
with their knees and elbows slightly bent. When they are about to set, it’s important to
follow through with the motion with their entire body by extending their knees and
straightening their arms.

Slow Sets this type of sets is incredibly popular among volleyball beginners. Actually,
the set can be done by volleyball players of all skill levels.

The Four Set the four set is known for being a high set. The ball goes high in the air.
When the ball is set, the ball has a trajectory of about 3 meters.

The Two Slow Set the Two slow set is not a high set. The height of set is 1 meter only.
So, a hitter should be able to approach to the ball very quickly.

Second Tempo Sets sets are faster comparing to the slow tempo setting. That’s the
reason why the set of this type is recommended to experienced volleyball setters.
 The Hut Set the height of set is 1 meter only. The ball is set within 1 meter. The Hut is
the type of set that’s recommended when the need to set the ball to the left front hitter
arises.

The 32 set is used to make it difficult for the opposing team’s blockers to resist an attack
hit.

The Red Set the ball is set to the opposite hitter. A hitter carries out an attack hit in the
right front part of the court.

The Two Second Tempo Set It’s worth noting that this type of set is very similar to the
Two slow set. The only difference is that the ball is set closer to the hitter.

Fast tempo sets are recommended to experienced setters as well as hitters. Both hitters
and attackers have to act very quickly and professionally.

The Shoot set is the right type of set when it’s necessary to send the ball to the left front
hitter. When the ball is set this way, the ball goes parallel to the top of the net.

The Half Shoot Set (also known as tree) is done when it’s necessary to set the ball to
either the middle hitter or to the outside hitter.

The One Set the One is a very fast set. The One set is also known as “quick set”. It’s
often done by professional volleyball players during important matches.

The Back One Set the Back One set is very similar to the One set. The ball goes low and
very quickly after setting. As a result, the ball goes behind the setter. The ball is set to the
middle hitter.

The Slide Set the ball usually has the reverse trajectory after the set. In order to carry out
an attack hit, a hitter has to jump off the left foot and slide towards the right foot. When
hitting, a player makes a sharp swing. As a result, the ball goes quickly after hitting.

Bump set this set is used new players in volleyball.

4. A
‍ ttacking: Attacking, also known as hitting, is the final step in the pass-set-spike
sequence and is used to score points. There are a variety of different ways to attack a ball,
but the most common and consistently effective way to do so is by spiking. Spiking is a
combination of jumping with powerful arm swings in order to smash the ball onto the
opponent’s side of the court.

Cross-court spike: A cross-court spike is an attack that goes diagonally across the court,
from one corner to the opposite corner. This type of spike is often used to avoid the
opposing team's blockers and to target an open area of the court.
 Line spike: A line spike is an attack that goes straight down the line ahead of the hitter,
either on the left or right side of the court. This type of spike is difficult to block, but also
difficult to land as it is treading near the out-of-bounds line.

Tool spike: A tool spike is an attack that intentionally hits off the opposing team's
blockers, deflecting the ball out of bounds. This type of spike is often used when the
opposing team's blockers are positioned close to the net and the attacker has limited
options.

5. Blocking: Blocking is a defensive skill used to stop the opposing team's attack and can
also be used to potentially score points. Blockers must focus on stopping the opposing
team’s offensive attacks, while also paying attention to the opposing setter so that they
can better predict the opposing team’s attack strategy. It is important for blockers to be
able to react to an attack quickly and be in position before the attack is completed.

Single blocking: While not the most effective type of blocking, a single block allows
the back row to dig or pass more easily and prevents a free kill. When you’re playing
against tough competition, your team may be scattered and scrambling and this may be
the only kind of blocking you can do on many plays. When your opposition is running
multiple hitters on approach, you may have to divide and each be ready to single block if
necessary.

Double blocking: Two blockers focus attention on the opposition’s hitter to deflect an
attacked ball at the net. Whoever the player is closest to being in front of the attacker
becomes the primary blocker. The teammate next to them needs to come in and assist by
lining up as closely as possible to create a wall.

Triple blocking: With more hands available to deflect the ball and deter the play,
triple blocking is the most effective type. All three front row players jump in unison to
create this triple block. This really becomes the goal when you’re facing a dominant
hitter that you need to shut down. If you can mount a solid wall, the hitter will be forced
to play around or over it which will give your back row a much easier ball to defend.
6. Digging: Digging is a defensive skill used to save the ball from hitting the ground. It is
often done when the ball does not come directly at the player, and a standard underhand
pass would be impossible or extremely difficult to get. To get into a digging position, the
player must sink their hips low to the floor with their heels slightly raised in order to be
light on their feet. They must then stretch out their arms into the underhand pass position.
In order to dig for the ball, the player must push off their toes and use their lower body to
move their upper body. Players must also be ready to dive for the ball, but that’s often not
necessary if you’re already positioned to where the ball might be going.

A traditional volleyball dig. when trying to do this type of a volleyball dig you should
try your best to approach to a ball early and get your hips as well as forearms under the
ball in advance. Your goal is to dig a ball between knees and shoulders. If you manage to
do this you’ll certainly find it easy to direct a ball to one of your teammates after doing a
volleyball dig. Keep in mind that getting to a fast-approaching ball is no easy task. That’s
why you need to watch the opposing team’s attacker closely and position yourself
properly ahead time.

A dive. Sometimes, diggers find it hard to approach to the ball on their feet. In this case,
it makes a lot of sense for you to take advantage of diving. Obviously, this will help you
get to a ball much faster and do a volleyball dig successfully. The question is – how to
get ready for a dive? Your body must be extended forward and your knees must be bent.
Plus, you need to get low to the ground. In addition, you should try to keep your arms
parallel to the floor. It’s also very important for a digger to keep his/her chin up during a
dive. By doing so, a volleyball player will be able to reduce the risk of getting injured
dramatically.

An overhand volleyball dig. There are also situations when a ball approaches to a
volleyball player over his/her head. If this happens, you should definitely try to do an
overhand volleyball dig. When doing an overhand volleyball dig you should contact a
ball with your fingers. This will give you more control over the ball. Don’t allow a ball to
hit you! If a ball hits you, you may get your fingers injured. In order to prevent injuries
from happening, diggers are recommended to attack the ball during an overhand
volleyball dig. Plus, if you contact a ball with your fingers you’ll probably find it easier
to direct it to a setter. After that, a setter will pass a ball to a hitter.