Professional Documents
Culture Documents
UNDEFINED TERMS
- They are undefined because they do not have an explanation and are just represented.
POINT
- Exact location in space
- No dimension
- Represented by a capital letter (point A or • A)
LINE
- Set of points arranged in a row
- 1D figure
- Extends to both directions
- Represented by a lowercase letter or two capital letters (line t or line RA)
PLANE
- Set of points on a flat surface
- The following determine a plane:
(a) three non-collinear points;
(b) two intersecting lines;
(c) two parallel lines; or
(d) a line and a point not on the line.
- Represented by a capital/script letter or 3 lowercase letters (plane C or plane LMN)
Intersecting lines - 2 or more lines are intersecting if they have a common point
MODULE 2
Angle
- formed by two noncollinear rays with a common endpoint.
- Sides = 2 rays // Common Endpoint = Vertex
KINDS OF ANGLES
ANGLE PAIRS
MODULE 4
Euclidean Tools
Euclid stated explicitly that a formal construction is to be done using only an unmarked
straightedge and a compass.
Construction = geometric drawing that uses a limited set of tools, usually a compass and
straightedge.
Straightedge (a ruler without marks) = used to guide for the pencil when drawing straight lines.
Compass = geometric tool used to draw circles and parts of a circle called arcs.
MODULE 5
Parts of a Polygon :
Vertex
Diagonal
Interior & Exterior Angle
Side
2 Types of Polygon
Convex & Concave
Formulas:
MODULE 6
Circle - a closed curve, all points of which are equidistant from a fixed
point called the center.
Center - fixed point in a circle, it is also used to name/represent the circle (center O = circle O)
Radius - One endpoint is its center and the other endpoint is any point on the circle.
Tangent - Intersects the circle at exactly one point. That one point is called “point of tangency”
Darangen - epic song about Maranao people. // means “to narrate in song”.
Lead role = Onor
Instruments
Kulintang Stand
- One distinct feature of the Maranao Ensemble is the Sarimanok-shaped wooden stand
for the eight gongs. These gongs, like the other ensembles, differ in pitch and the tones
are not fixed and may vary from one set to another
CLASSIFICATION OF INSTRUMENTS
◦ Idiophones – produce sound by being struck, scraped, rubbed, shaken.
- Suling - ring flute, six finger holes and a ring surrounding the blowing end of the tube
- Palendag - lip valley flute, means mourning, groaning and crying for grief
- Togo / Tangkel - played upright with the musician’s fingers plucking the string. It is often
accompanied by boat lute.
- Bamboo Xylophone
- Tagutok / Kagul - bamboo-scraper gong or slit drum of the Maguindanaon // played in the
rice paddies to guard against/scare away voracious birds.
OTHER INSTRUMENTS
- Kudyapi - two-string lute. A lute is a wooden stringed instrument with long fretted neck, a
pear-shaped body with an enclosed back. also called a boat lute
- Kubing - under Jew’s harp family
ARTS
PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Tinikling - a dance which originated from the province of Leyte. The basic movements and
steps of this dance were made by imitating the movements of the Tikling birds.
HISTORY
The dance originated during the Spanish colonial era, those who did not follow his orders or
worked too slowly were given a punishment: to stand in between two bamboo poles. These
poles were then clapped together in an effort to beat the Filipino natives’ feet. To escape this
punishment, the Filipinos would jump when the two poles were about to be clapped.
O : Girls
X : Boys
Time Signature = a musical notation used to specify how many beats are there in each
measure.
STEPS
1st
a. Hop on left foot outside (at the left side) the bamboo poles
b. Hop on right foot between the bamboo poles
c. Hop on the left on the same spot and raise right foot, bend right arms upward
about head level and “kumintang” the hand counterclockwise. Girls’ left hand
holding the skirt and boys’ left hand on waist
2nd
a) Hop on right foot outside (at the right side) the bamboo poles
b) Hop on left foot between the poles
c) Hop on right foot on the same spot, reverse hand positions
❖ HOP- the spring from one foot and landing on the same foot
❖ JUMP- to spring from one or both feet and landing on both feet
❖ ARMS IN LATERAL- to bring both arms either to the R or to the L, that can be done
in shoulder, chest and waist level.
❖ KUMINTANG- (movement of the hand); to turn the hand from the wrist either clockwise
or counterclockwise (outward or inward).
❖ WALTZ Step- Step L foot in front (ct.1), step R close to L in rear (ct.2), step L in front
(ct.3). This may be executed in all directions.
Stress
- is defined as the physiological (or physical) and emotional responses
to a significant or unexpected change or disruption in one’s life
- It may also refer to “what you feel when you react to pressure, either
from the outside world
Stressor
- refers to the things that make a person stressed.
2 Kinds of stress
- Eustress - positive response from stressor
- Distress - negative response from stressor
Mental health
- includes our emotional, psychological, and social well-being. It affects how we think, feel,
and act. It also determine how we handle stress, relate to others, and make choices.
Emotional health
- It means you’re aware of your emotions. You can deal with them, whether they’re
positive or negative.
2. Type two of skill focuses on keeping the body healthy and relieving
anxiety
“Reframing is changing your outlook in order to see a situation in a more positive way”
3 Phases of GAS
- Alarm stage : fight or flight feeling
- Resistance stage : already responded to the stressor
- Exhaustion stage : “gate toward burnout or stress overload”
Grieving = allows us to ‘free-up’ energy that is bound to lost person, object, or experience – so
that we might re-invest that energy elsewhere.
Mental Disorder = emotional disturbance, which affects the way an individual thinks, feels, and
behaves.
3. Schizophrenia
- hallucinations or feeling of being detached and away from reality.
MULTIMEDIA
Factual Texts
❖ Recount
- Retells a series of events
- EX: Journal, diary , article, timeline
❖ Procedure
- Instructs someone to do something / gives instructions on a particular item
- EX: Recipe, directions
❖ Explanation
- Explains why/how something occurs
- EX: Scientific writing
❖ Description
- Describes someone/something
- EX: Observation
DELIVERY
Delivery = the presentation of the speech you studied, planned, described, and practiced in the
form of public speaking.
TYPES OF SPEECHES
- Manuscript speech = written out and read word for word to the audience.
- Memorized speaking = reciting a scripted speech from memory.
- Impromptu Speech = a speaker delivers without any prior preparation on the topic.
- Extemporaneous speech = prepared and practiced in advance.
1. Platform Behavior. - It is everything that the speaker does and does not do on the stage.
4. Clarity. - Speak clearly. Speech must be delivered relatively slower than in an ordinary
conversation.
5. Pronunciation. - Use correct pronunciation. When in doubt about the pronunciation of a word,
consult a modern dictionary.
MODULE 3
Beliefs - something that someone holds as true. Some may agree, some may not.
- False belief – refers to the understanding of a person’s belief or representation
Conviction - firm and long term belief. It stays the same no matter how many new experiences
or long periods of time pass.
Basis:
Belief: based on personal opinions.
Conviction: not based on personal opinions. It requires concrete information.
Nature:
Belief: weak and shallow.
Conviction: stronger and deeper.
Marco Polo - Ang naglakbay sa Asya (Tsina) at nagsulat ng libro tungkol sa mga magagandang
tanawin sa Asya.
Portugal
- Vasco De Gama - Cape of Good Hope , pumunta sa sentro ng kalakalan // Calicut, India
France
- Sinakop ang Laos, Cochin, China, Cambodia at Annam sa Asya na tinawag na French
Indo-China.
Spain
- Pinilit ng mga Kastila ang mga katutubo na kumilala sa kapangyarihan ng Espanya at
hinimok na umanib sa Kristiyanismo.
Netherlands
- Daungan ng Amsterdam (nakabatay ang pakikipagkalakalan) isinara
England
- English East India Co. - samahan ng mga mangangalakal na Ingles
EPEKTO NG KOLONYALISMO
2 URI NG NASYONALISMO
Defensive - Pagtanggol ng sariling bansa
Aggresive - Mapusok na pamamaraan upang may benepisyo ang Inang-bayan
MANIPESTASYON NG NASYONALISMO
- Pagkakaisa
- Tangkilikin ang sariling produkto
- Pagiging makatuwiran at makatarungan
- Kahandaan mag-sakripisyo para sa sariling bayan
NASYONALISMO SA INDIA
- Pananakop ng mga Ingles sa Indiano
Sepoy = Indianong Militar na Islam at Hindu
Gumamit din sila ng mga peryodiko at pahayagan upang maipahayag ang kanilang mga
opinyon, damdamin, at mga adhikain ukol sa mga pananakop ng mga Ingles.(1870)
Dahil sa ICA, na-offend ang mga Muslim dahil kahit pinaglaban rin nila ang kanilang bayan, di
sila isinali sa ICA.
MOHANDAS GANDHI
WW1
- Ang Unang Digmaang Pandaigdig ay sumiklab noong Agosto 1914 dahil narin sa
pagkakaroon ng alyansa ng mga bansa sa Europeo upang maisakatuparan nila ang
kanilang mga interes dahil sa pag-uunahan sa teritoryo. Dahilan din sa pagsiklab ng
nasabing digmaan ang pagkamatay ni Archduke Francis Ferdinand ng Austria.
- Ipinalabas ang Balfour Declaration noong 1917 ng mga Ingles na kung saan nakasaad
dito na ang Palestina ay bubuksan sa mga Jew o Israelite upang maging kanilang
tahanan (homeland). Ito ang naging dahilan upang magkaroon ng dipagkakaunawaan
ang mga Muslim at Jew na nagsimulang magsibalik sa Kanlurang Asya mula sa Europe.
WW2
EPEKTO NG WW2
- 1. Pagkakaroon ng kasarinlan ng mga bansa
- 2. Maraming namatay na sundalo na sumabak sa digmaan
- 3. Paglago ng ekonomiya
- 4. Maraming gusali ang nawasak
- 5. Pagkakaroon ng slave labour at genocide
- 6. Pag-unlad ng teknolohiya
MODYUL 5
India
- Karapatan sa Edukasyon
- Pagbabago sa pamumuhay ng kababaihang Indian
- Isyu tungkol sa maagang pagpapakasal
- Pagtatayo ng daycare
- Karapatang bumoto
- Hiwalay na palikuran para sa babae at lalaki
- Diborsyo
- Maternity Leave
Pakistan, Sri Lanka(1994), at Bangladesh
- Pagbabago sa edukasyon
- Pantay ang karapatan ng kababaihan
- Laban sa Child Marriage, Polygamiya at karapatan ng mga babae na pumili ng kanyang
mapapangasawa
- Batas tungkol sa sexual harassment
- Partisipasyon ng mga kababaihan sa pulitika
- Diskriminasyon
Arab Region
- hindi pinapayagang lumabas sa mga pampublikong lugar na hindi suot ang kanilang
tradisyunal na kasuotan o burkah.
- Sa pulitika at paghahanapbuhay ng kababaihan hindi ito halos nagbago.
- Kuwait at Saudi Arabia, ilegal para sa kababaihan ang makilahok sa eleksyon dahil sa
kanilang kasarian.
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