CONTINUOUS INTERNAL ASSESSMENT-1

Entrepreneurship Development

(Mapping of Entrepreneurial Competencies with

Enterprise Building Capability by Entrepreneurs)

Submitted by: -
Anushka Gupta (2223249)
Saniya Verma (2223273)
Avantika Chauhan (2223251)
Meghna Mavath (2223265)
Ria Sinha (2223271)
4 BBAH C

Submitted to: -
Prof. Manisha Saxena

Faculty, BGR Campus

Department of Business and Management
Christ (Deemed to be University)
S.NO. CONTENTS PAGE NO.

01 Personal Profile : Mr. Pallonji Mistry 2

02 Personal Profile : Mr. M.P. Ahammed 3

03 Mr. Pallonji Mistry 4-5
(Entrepreneurial Competencies)
04 Mr. M.P. Ahammed 6-7
(Entrepreneurial Competencies)
05 Mr. Pallonji Mistry 8-9
(Enterprises and Motives)
06 Mr. M.P. Ahammed 10-11
(Enterprises and Motives)

07 Similarities 12

08 Differences 13
09 Conclusion 14-15
(How Economic Reforms of 1991 changed the
Entrepreneurial Outlook ? )
10 References 16
 PERSONAL PROFILE - PALLONJI MISTRY

Shapoorji Mistry, the builder of RBI Buildings welcomed Pallonji Mistry into the world on
1st of June, 1929. He belonged to the Parsi Community living in Bombay (now Mumbai).

Mistry earned his graduation in civil engineering from the London-based Imperial College of
Science, Technology and Medicine. He also held a Master's degree in management from the
London Business School.

Making the optimum use of his father’s wealth as capital, Pallonji Mistry started his own
ventures. He went on to serve as the chairman of the Shapoorji Pallonji Group, which included
Eureka Forbes Limited, Forbes Textiles, and Shapoorji Pallonji Construction Limited.

In 2003, Pallonji gave up his Indian citizenship to end up an Irish citizen "on the premise of
his marriage to an Irish-born national" - Pat "Patsy" Perin Dubash.
Mistry has 2 sons and 2 daughters. His elder son, Shapoor Mistry (1964), runs the Shapoorji
Pallonji group, whilst his more youthful son, the overdue Cyrus Mistry (1968—2022), served
for a few years as chairman of the Tata group. Mistry's elder daughter is Laila and his more
youthful daughter, Aloo, is married to Noel Tata, half-brother of Ratan Tata.

He became offered the Padma Bhushan in January 2016 for his contributions withinside the
subject of change and industry. He is also known of the “Phantom of Bombay House”.

A brief biography of ‘Mystery’ was written in a 2008 e-book by Manoj Namburu titled - ‘The
Moguls of Real Estate’.
Mistry died in Mumbai on 28 June 2022 at the age of 93.
 PERSONAL PROFILE - M.P. AHAMMED

M. P. Ahammed, the founder of Malabar Group, was born in an ordinary family, as the son of
Mammad Kutty Hajee and Fathima.
Born on 1 November 1957 in Kerala, India, M.P. Ahammed always had a business acumen.
Although only Class 12th passed, he started his first business venture of agro products, before
graduating from school, at the age of 17. In 1981, at the age of 24, he started a trading business
of spices and copra. Finally, in 1993, he founded the famous Malabar Gold and Diamonds.
Subaida K.P. and M. P. Ahammed are married, and the two of them have two kids.
The organization's managing director of International Operations is his son Shamlal
Ahammed. Asher O, son-in-law of M. P. Ahammed, is the Managing Director, India
Operations of Malabar Gold and Diamonds.
 PALLONJI MISTRY: ENTREPRENEURIAL
COMPETENCIES

1. INITIATIVE
A true entrepreneur acts without waiting to be told to or coerced by circumstances. He takes
action to expand the company into new markets, goods, or services.
Mr. Pallonji Mistry was indeed an inspiring entrepreneur who expanded the business far into
the Middle-East, Qatar, Dubai etc. and won a legacy for the company – the contract to build
the Sultan of Oman’s palace in 1971
2. INTEGRITY
An entrepreneur with integrity has a heightened sense of moral principles. These values guide
his commercial and creative decisions in demanding situations or otherwise. We identify the
presence of high levels of integrity in Mr. Pallonji Mistry since he brought about policies to S
& P Group that would ensure reduction of losses occurring due to employee theft, bad cheques,
product liability etc. The transparency in his businesses earned him huge respect from vendors
and bankers alike

3. CONCERNED TOWARDS WELFARE

A good entrepreneur is instinctively sensitive about the welfare of his people. He is concerned
about the employees and takes positive action to improve their position. Since the founding
days of S & P Groups, Mr. Pallonji Mistry has ensured satisfactory employee benefits and
perks and has never missed out on providing employees with health insurance benefits. The
Group also operates camps for on-site workers that offer healthy living standards along with
lodging, food and transport facilities.
4. COMMITMENT TO WORK CONTRACT
Society looks up to those entrepreneurs who undertake exemplary initiatives to fulfill the
responsibility on their shoulders, who are ready to make sacrifices and those who accept full
responsibility for failures, if any.
We can sure comment on Mr. Mistry’s commitment using a reference made by Zafar Iqbal, a
former Chief Executive Officer of SP Group in the "Moguls of Real Estate,". He said that
Mistry was eager to finish a development project even at a loss.

5. COMMERCIAL APTITUDE
An entrepreneur with a commercial acumen is not only aware of the developing market
opportunities, but also exhibits excellent monitoring skills staying up-to-date with the
activities of his enterprise.
Sir. Pallonji Mistry is known to have initiated and given strong emphasis to the practice of
maintaining a daily business record or journal. He would expect frequent updating of
documents that recorded important figures such as sales, payroll, accounts receivables, petty
cash, inventory etc.
6. SELF-CONFIDENCE
Inspiring entrepreneurs, despite the risks involved, neither experience self-doubt nor seek for
public validation. They stand by their judgements and speak by actions. For a man with his
stature of influence and wealth, he left a very small footprint on the public appearance front.
He was astonishingly unnoticeable - never gave interviews and developed a neat record free
of scandals and controversies.
M.P. AHAMMED : ENTREPRENEURIAL COMPETENCIES

1. INITIATIVE
It is a trait exclusive to entrepreneurs that they pick up the challenge to stretch beyond the
existing and work on something new, perhaps better.
Mr. M.P. Ahammed, who leaves no opportunity unseized, ventured into fields beyond his
expertise and established Malabar developers (a real estate company), Eham Digitals and a
range of premium Malabar watches. These initiatives were very new to the Group as a whole.

2. SYSTEMATIC PLANNING
It is an entrepreneur who identifies trends and opportunities for the enterprise, plans the
process and takes the necessary initiatives.
In the capacity of the Chairman of Malabar Group, M.P. Ahammed has left no stone unturned
to build an expansive strategy of 40 domestic and 16 overseas stores for Malabar Gold and
Diamonds. With 5000 job opportunities and 2.5 times growth in revenue, Ahammed aims to
seat Malabar as the world's largest retailer.
3. CONCERNED FOR HIGH QUALITY WORK
An entrepreneur who wishes his enterprise to sustain and grow in the market never
compromises on the quality of the product or service he offers.
Mr. M.P. Ahammed has made it far and wide clear to all stakeholders of the Group that quality
must be their top-most priority. He has urged all to subscribe the philosophies of:-
“Nothing is more important than QUALITY” and “Do it RIGHT, The First Time, Every Time”

4. CREATIVITY
This is an entrepreneur’s ability to create and the cognitive attribute to find non- conventional
solutions or ideas to market problems.
Mr. M.P. Ahammed is one such entrepreneur who is known to ‘doing things uncommonly
well’. Ahammed was due a sizable payment from a retail owner in Mumbai. But because of a
financial crisis, the retail man was unable to pay the debts and was preparing to close his
company. As an alternative, Ahammed requested that the merchant sell his brand as payment
in kind.

5. CUSTOMER SENSITIVITY
Competent entrepreneurs exhibit the trait of building trust and long-term relationship with
customers and showing a sense of inclusiveness to their issues.
Under the reign of Mr. Ahammed, Malabar seeks to understand how emotionally sensitive a
gold purchase is for an Indian Family and has thus announced a 14 Day
Return Policy. Should a customer not like the jewellery or solitaire purchased from Malabar,
it can be sent back within 14 days and Malabar will ensure to refund the entire amount back
within 10 working days.
6. SOCIALLY RESPONSIBLE

Entrepreneurs essentially understand that they are taking inputs from the society and have a
tendency to return the valuable assets.
Mr. M.P. Ahammed recognizes both direct and indirect impacts of his business activities and
ensures that a separate social wing at Malabar Group is all time invested in CSR Initiatives.
As of today, they have 5 key areas to serve the society : Health, Education,
Environment, Women Empowerment and Housing. One of the most loved initiatives by
Malabar was back in 2013, in lieu of a new store opening at Chennai - Rs 2 crore as educational
scholarship for 10,000 girl students.
 PALLONJI MISTRY : ENTERPRISES AND MOTIVES

1. S P ENGINEERING & CONSTRUCTION

About Establishment :
Shapoorji Pallonji Engineering & Construction (SP E & C) specializes in comprehensive end-
to-end engineering and construction solutions in India. SP E & C includes IT parks and SDCs,
airport terminals, industrial and manufacturing plants, R & D centers, pharmaceutical
facilities, power plants, hospitals, hotels etc.
Motivation : Achievement
SP E & C is motivated by achievement and is driven to bag ‘firsts’. The Company is the first
LEED Platinum certified building and the first Indian construction company to enter the
Middle East in 1970’s. On the whole, it strives to be the first choice of clientele in the
construction industry.

2. EUREKA FORBES
About Establishment :
Eureka Forbes Limited is India's leading health and hygiene brand, satisfying 20 million
customers in India and having a global presence in 53 countries. The product portfolio includes
water purifiers, air purifiers, vacuum cleaners and security solutions. Aqua guard, the flagship
brand of Eureka Forbes bagged many awards.
Motivation : Service to Society
The SP Group was driven towards building a business out of a social venture when they
established Eureka Forbes as a joint business. The company was driven to serve, build
friendships and relationships and provide pollution-free living.

3. S P INFRASTRUCTURE
About Establishment :
Shapoorji Pallonji Infrastructure Capital Company Pvt. Co., Ltd. (SP Infrastructure) was
founded in 1997 to search, acquire, develop and service infrastructure assets. The leverage of
SP Group's 154-year legacy in project procurement, construction and financing to create value
for our communities and to contribute to the growth of our country, a sustainable infrastructure
asset with great potential.
Motivation : Profit and Control
SP Infrastructure was an intelligent initiative by SP Group to increase its liquidity position and
invest in potential profitable projects. It was a ‘leveraging’ firm designed to offer capital
restructuring and financing without diluting the ownership.

4. AFCONS INFRASTRUCTURE
About Establishment :
Afcons Infrastructure, a Shapoorji Pallonji group company, specializes in extreme engineering
and construction. With a portfolio of challenging and complex projects in more than 20
countries in Asia, Africa and the Middle East, they have implemented a turnkey megastructure
with innovative design and comprehensive construction services. Afcons is a leader in India's
marine, LNG and metrorail segments.
Motivation : Recognition
Afcons Infrastructure strives to provide innovations and value added services and seeks for
brand recognition and reputation among its transnational competitors. It has ventured into
some prestige projects like Namma Metro, Atal Tunnel, Kanpur Metro etc. It stays picky about
its projects and invests efforts in only those that reap recognition.

5. OMAN SHAPOORJI COMPANY

About Establishment :
Founded in 1975, OSCO (Oman Shapoorji Company LLC) has become part of Oman's growth
story by offering some of the best landmarks of the Sultanate dynasty. Over 40 years, OSCO
has transformed Oman's infrastructure and landscape. OSCO's diverse portfolio includes
facilities for governments, ministries, educational institutions, hospitals, hotels, mosques,
public and private lands, villas, army camps, air force etc.
Motivation : Accreditations and Affiliations
Although, the company was initially incorporated to serve as a business identity for legal
purposes to fulfill its project to construct the Casluhim Al Allam Palace for Majesty Oman.
However, later, the team got overwhelmed with network and awards that it was acknowledged
with and SP Group decided to continue OSCO as its subsidiary in Oman.
 M.P. AHAMMED : ENTERPRISES AND MOTIVES

1. MALABAR DEVELOPERS
About Establishment :
It is a housing development division of the Malabar group and has been operating since 1995.
With a short span the developers have completed 7 projects, 12 ongoing projects and many
upcoming too. Aside from commercial projects, they provide services like buying property,
property for rent, real estate, residential projects, constructions of villas and apartments in
different parts of the country.
Motivation : Innovation
Malabar Developers can be deemed as the brainchild of Mr. M.P. Ahammed, that started in the
form of Malabar Gate. M.P. Ahammed has always been fond of premium living with high-tech
installations. He thus decided to deliver innovative living spaces.

2. MALABAR WATCHES
About Establishment :
This is the watch division of the Malabar Group. It has an exquisite collection of luxury brands.
Brands available on Malabar Watches include Omega, Longines, Rado, Tissot, Timex, Seiko,
Calvin Klein, Balmain, Fossil, Victorinox, Helix and Michael Kors.
Motivation : Customer Satisfaction and Competition
Mr. Ahammed recognized the ever volatile nature of the market and identified a philosophy
that - To sustain the competition, customer satisfaction is essential and offering a diversified
range of products a.k.a. variety is a means to that. Thus, Malabar
Watches continues to strive for customer satisfaction.

3. EHAM DIGITALS
About Establishment :
Eham Digital` is a joint venture of the Malabar Group, which has achieved the status of one of
the largest business conglomerates, with flagship Malabar Gold & Diamonds and pioneering
electronics and consumer electronics retailer Nikshan Electronics.
Motivation : Sustained Achievement
Once medaled with an award, Ahammed seeks to keep it high and not lose it to another
competitor. Eham Digitals continues its splendid work in electronics to uphold its ineffable
status that it has been able to achieve quicker than conglomerates alike.
4. MALL OF TRAVANCORE
About Establishment :
Trivandrum’s first mall located in the heart of Kerala and a venture of Malabar group opened
its door in march 2018. It is a Trivandrum unparalleled destination for shopping, dining,
entertainment under one roof. It was the first iconic landmark in Trivandrum located right in
front of Trivandrum airport. The total area is 6.5 lac sq feet.
Motivation : Prestige
The establishment is the first of its kind and as most critics mention, it is ‘unparalleled’. The
establishment continues to upgrade its infra and offerings to maintain its reputation and
monopoly in the region.

5. MEGA TRADE
About Establishment :
Mega trade is a Calicut-based general equipment trading company founded in January 2007
and promoted by the Malabar Group of Companies. Mega Trade handles a wide range of
leading brands and supplies tailor-made equipment to meet specifications. They trade and
distribute computers and accessories, audio-video DVRs, CCTVs, mobile phones, digital
cameras and other office automation products at very competitive prices
Motivation : Competition
The establishment is a cut-throat competition with firms alike. Since it is not a manufacturing
but trading company, it has lesser scope to cut out on costs in order to expand profits. The price
competition along with demand-supply volatility keeps it on its toes and going.
SIMILARITIES

Mr. Pallonji Mistry and Mr. M.P. Ahammed are both tremendously successful entrepreneurs of
India. Although very different as personalities, they share some common entrepreneurial traits
which are also essential skills for all entrepreneurs regardless of the PESTEL factors that they
are striving to make a mark in.
The following are the some of the similarities marked along the entrepreneurs under study :-

1) Initiative
Despite coming from an affluent family, Mr. Pallonji Mistry established his own ventures and
Mr. M.P. Ahammed started an entirely new field of business i.e. real estate.

2) Risk-Taking Ability
Both the entrepreneurs are essentially risk takers. SP Groups were first to undertake the risk of
a project in the Middle East while M.P. Ahammed’s aggressive expansive policy in itself is a
financial risk.

3) Customer - Oriented Service

As an entrepreneur should be, both aimed at offering satisfactory customer experience. Mistry
would never leave any project incomplete or a client disappointed and Ahammed explored new
horizons of customer sensitivity.

4) Recognition provides Motivation

At least one subsidiary of these groups aims at achieving reputation and recognition in the
industry. Afcons Infrastructure under Mistry and Mall of Travancore under Ahammed are
classic evidences of the need for recognition.

5) Corporate Social Responsibility

Mistry and Ahammed have learnt the importance of giving back to the society and have done
it in their own unique ways. While Mistry established a business from his social venture in the
form of Eureka Forbes, Ahammed carried out service initiatives in the form of free medical
camps and scholarships.
DIFFERENCES

Circumstances are different for all and Fate turns out to be different for all.
Likewise, no two people are entirely similar and there is no uniform success mantra that works
uniformly favourable for one and all.
Mistry and Ahammed came from different family and educational backgrounds.
Not only are they different in terms of their social outlook but also in their tendencies towards
business activities and reactions towards prospective opportunities.
The following are some of the notable differences among the successful entrepreneurs under
study :-
(1) Public Interaction
Mr. Pallonji Mistry was an astonishingly unnoticeable man. He neither made frequent public
appearances nor did he seek validation from the crowd at large.
However, Ahammed is a frequent face in the media who makes open suggestions to the
government and seeks customer response.

(2) Dedication towards Employees

Mistry leaned towards the welfare of his people and would go beyond the regular to satisfy his
employees and keep them happy. Ahammed, on the contrary, is a staunch corporate. He does
just sufficient to ensure the employees can afford a healthy standard of living.

(3) Fulfilment against Profits

Mistry was known to fulfil contracts even at the expense of losses. However, Ahammed would
like to revisit the financial structure and ensure his projects are profitable, halt them until
resolved as was the case with Malabar Cements Ltd.
 CONCLUSION:
HOW ECONOMIC REFORMS OF 1991 CHANGED THE
ENTREPRENEURIAL OUTLOOK ?

Economic Reforms of 1991

- The LPG reforms of 1991, brought about several newer horizons in socio-political and
economic outlook of the business atmosphere of the nation.
- The literacy rates increased, employment opportunities began to rise, technology
proliferated, licensing raj was terminated, banking industry embarked on a new journey etc.
- With all the changes, the upcoming entrepreneurs had to prove themselves competent
to a newer set of PESTEL factors.
- There were newer export markets to explore, more products could be developed or
innovated using imported technology and there was more emphasis that needed to be given to
the rights of the consumers.

Role of Media
- The media went under major developments post the economic reforms and became not
only a watchdog of the government or democracy but served as a means to expand business.
- Newer forms of advertising and promotions came to existence. The concept of Public
Relations began to thrive. Customer Connectivity became easier to achieve.
- From them, until now, we have progressed so much that it is easy to conclude - no
enterprise can survive without a social media presence.
- This explains why Mistry could pull up a successful venture with minimum public
appearance but frequent media interaction is a necessity for Ahammed.

Education v/s Experience

- Before the LPG reforms, India was virtually a closed economy with limited horizons.
Educational i.e. academic knowledge was just sufficient to incorporate a successful business
venture.
- However, post 1991, the horizons broadened and more expertise were required.
- The London-based graduate Mistry was as successful in his era as a mere 12th pass
Ahammed is in his. For Ahammed, has gained more experience of lesser successful ventures
than from his classroom.

Global Dependency
- It is essential for the entrepreneurs to now be aware of the current affairs and stay
updated with the global news 24x7.
- Pre 1991, the Indian closed economy was not as affected by global changes as it is
today. We live in VUCA world - a slight change in the policy of one country could impact the
entire supply chain and consequences could be dreadful.
- Entrepreneurs need to be more watchful and more globally connected.
 REFERENCES

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Retrieved January 23, 2023, from
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malabar_Gold_and_Diamonds

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Construction, Infrastructure & Real Estate Company - Top MNC Company in India |
Shapoorji Pallonji.AdvisorsRetrivedfrom
https://www.shapoorjipallonji.com/company/SPInvestmentAdvisors

- Ugyen Wangchuck. (2005, September7). Wikipedia, thefreeencyclopedia.

Retrieved January 23, 2023, retrived from

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ugyen_Wangchuck

- Afcons | Marine infrastructure, tunnel, ports construction companies in India. (n.d.).

Construction, Infrastructure & Real Estate Company - Top MNC Company in India |
ShapoorjiPallonji.Retrivedfrom
,https://www.shapoorjipallonji.com/company/AfconsInfrastructure

- Malabar gold & diamonds USA. Malabar Gold & Diamonds USA | Buy Gold, Diamond
& Platinum Jewellery. retrived from https://www.malabargoldanddiamonds.com/about-
us.html