f [a, b]

• f [a, b] f 0 (x) 0 [a, b]

• f [a, b] f 0 (x)  0

f [a, b] x x, f

f (x + x) > f (x) x>0

f (x + x) < f (x) x<0

f (x + x) < f (x)
>0
x

f (x + x) < f (x)
lim 0,
x!0 x
f 0 (x) 0

f [a, b] (a, b)
• f 0 (x) > 0, x 2 (a, b) f [a, b]
• f 0 (x) < 0, x 2 (a, b) f [a, b]

x1 x2 [a, b] x 1 < x2 f
[x1 , x2 ]
f (x2 ) f (x1 ) = f 0 (c) (x2 x1 )
c x1 x2 f 0 (c) x2 x1
f (x2 ) > f (x1 ) f f0 (a, b) f (x2 ) < f (x1 ) f
f0 (a, b)

f f
f, f0
f0 (a, b) , c (a, b)
f 0 (c) > 0 f 0 (x) > 0 x (a, b) f [a, b]
f 0 (c) < 0 f [a, b]

f (x) = x3 12x 5 f
f
f

f 0 (x) = 3x2 12 = 3 x2 4 = 3 (x 2) (x + 2) ,

x= 2 x=2
 x 2 2<x<2 x 2
f0
f

15 f ′ (x)

x
-3 -2 -1 1 2 3

-5

f(x)
-15

f (x) = x3 12x 5 f 0 (x) = 3x2 12.

c f f
c c
f0 c f c
f0 c f c

f0 c f0 c c
f c

f0 c a b a<c<b
0 0
f < 0 (a, c) f > 0 (c, b) x 2 (a, c) f (c) < f (x) f0 < 0 f
[a, c] x 2 (c, b) f (c) < f (x) f0 > 0 f [c, b]
f (x) f (c) x 2 (a, b) f c

f (x) = x1/3 (x 4) = x4/3 4x1/3 .

f
f x
x1/3 (x 4)

4 1/3 4 4 4 (x 1)
f 0 (x) = x x 2/3
= x 2/3
(x 1) = .
3 3 3 3x2/3
x=1 x=0
 x<0 0<x<1 x>1
f0
f

f ′ (x)
x
-1.0 -0.5 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0

f(x)

-5

f (x) = x1/3 (x 4) f 0 (x) = 4 (x 1) /3x2/3 .

f x = 0 f0
0
f x=1 f
f (1) = 11/3 (1 4) = 3 f
( 1, 1] [1, 1) limx!0 f 0 (x) = 1
f

p
f (x) = x 6 x 1,
3
x
f (x) = ,
3x2 + 1
f (x) = x2/3 x2 4 .

f
f0
f (x) = sin (x) cos (x) , 0  x  2⇡
⇡ ⇡
f (x) = 2x + tan (x) , 2 <x< 2.