LEARNING PLAN

(ENGLISH 9 –ST. VINCENT)

DRAMA AND THEATER

4TH Quarter
Week 1
Content Standard:

✔ The learner understands the literary conventions that govern the different genres. (e.g.,
narrative convention of fiction, etc.)
Performance Standard:

✔ The learner clearly and coherently uses a chosen element conventionally identified with
a genre for a written output
Dominican Core Value Focus:

✔ Truth, Excellence, Joy

Learning Competencies:

✔ EN9LT-IVi-3: explain how a selection may be influenced by culture, history,

environment, or other factors.
Objectives: At the end of the lesson, the learners will be able to:

✔ Define Drama and Theater and its concepts.

✔ Identify the similarities and differences of the two literary forms.

✔ Review and summarize an example of drama or Theater.

✔ Introduce a sub-form of Drama (One-Act Play)

Subject Matter:

A. Drama and Theater

a. Defining what is Drama and Theater
i. History
ii. Similarities
iii. Differences
iv. Common concepts
b. Identifying Elements of Drama and Theater
c. Introduction of One-Act Play (Simplified form of Drama and Theater)

References:

Garcia, D. (n.d.). ONE ACT PLAY ELEMENTS (MAIN TOPIC). Scribd.

https://www.scribd.com/document/510233035/ONE-ACT-PLAY-ELEMENTS-MAIN-TOPIC

One-Act Play: Definition, Elements & Examples | StudySmarter. (n.d.). StudySmarter UK.
https://www.studysmarter.co.uk/explanations/english-literature/literary-devices/one-act-play/

LenraEsojLasor. (n.d.). Sample One Act Play Script. Scribd.

https://www.scribd.com/document/436330148/Sample-One-Act-Play-Script

https://academic.luzerne.edu/shousenick/ENG104--ELEMENTS_Drama.htm

✔
 Materials:

Laptop, Text Books, Writing Materials, Visual Ai

Day 1-5
Explore

❖ Present the objectives of the day for the topic.

Activity 1
❖ Present the Bible passage to the learners through PowerPoint presentation.

“And He has filled him with the Spirit of God, in wisdom and understanding, in
knowledge and all manner of workmanship, to design artistic works, to work in gold and
silver and bronze, in cutting jewels for setting, in carving wood, and to work in all manner
of artistic workmanship.” Exodus 35:31-33

❖ Ask learners’ insight regarding the bible passage presented.

❖ Discuss the Bible passage using the following processing questions:

Processing Questions:
1. What is the essential information depicted in the biblical passage?
2. When it mentioned”wisdom and understanding”, did it only mean the bible? Why or
why not?
3. In what way can men be competent for God?

Activity 2. 4 pics 1 word

Directions: The photo that will appear on the screen, and students will start guessing. A
learner who can answer will be given points.

__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __

Firm Up:

Introduction to Literary Genres

Drama is a type of literature that is written for the purpose of being performed in front
of an audience. This type of writing is written in the form of a script, and the story is told
through the lines of the characters played by actors. Genres of drama can be comedy, opera,
melodrama, musical drama, and tragedy.

Drama is a unique distinctive genre of literature. The concept of drama is a plot

provided by actors or actors on a stage through dialog or monologue and live action.
Normally dramas are tales from which they work. Sound, music,dance, props, etc. are
integrated. The audience will feel part of that action. That is what makes the drama a
particular genre of literature. You can also read drama, of course; however, you can have
the full understanding of what the author wanted to show only when you visit a theatre.

Theatre, also spelled as theater, in dramatic arts, is an art concerned almost

exclusively with live performances in which the action is precisely planned to create a
coherent and significant sense of drama. Through the word theatre is derived from the word
theaomai, which means ”to see,” the performance itself may appeal either to the ear or to
the eye, as is suggested by the interchangeability of the terms spectator, which derives from
words “to view,” and audience, which derives from words meaning “to hear.”

Example: Romeo and Juliet by Shakespeare

Similarities of Drama and Theater

● They are both stories

● use actor & actresses

Differences of Drama and Theater

● Drama is a printed test and Theater is a onstage production of the play

● Drama is intended for reading and Theater is intended for performance.
● Drama is divided into chapters and Theater is divided into scenes

Terms Used in Drama and Theater

● Act - the divisions or sections in a play; thus, a "one-act play" is very short.

● Blocking - the positions and moves of actors, where the actors should stand, act,
or sit.

● Cast -the list of characters and the names of the actors who play the characters.
The list of characters is also called "Dramatis Personae."

● Cue -the instruction of the stage manager to the technical department for specific
tasks. This could also mean the cue or signal to the actors when they must enter the
stage or deliver their lines.

● Curtain Call (or "curtain") - this involves the actors bowing to the audience at
the end of the play.

● Dialogue - the lines of the characters in the play. The dialogues in a play follow the
name of the character.

● Director -the person in-charge of all areas in production such as design, acting, and
rehearsal among others.

● Downstage -the front part of the stage, near the audience.

● Props -objects or materials that are used in a play.

● Stage Direction - the description used by a playwright (writer) regarding the

different aspects of t play such as the setting, dialogues, and actions.
 ● Stage Manager - the person who is in charge of organizing the production and
coordinating with different departments of the production.

● Upstage -the back part of the stage, away from the audience.

Identifying Elements of Different Genres

Genres are categories of artistic, musical, or literary composition characterized by a

particular style, form, or content. There are different genres: literary fiction, mystery,
thriller, horror, historical, romance, fantasy, dystopian, and many more.

A. Character. The nonfiction piece often requires a main character. Example: If a writer is
creating his/her memoir, then the writer is the central character.
a. Major Characters:
i. Protagonist – This is the main character, around which the whole story
revolves. The decisions made by this character will be affected by a
conflict from within, or externally through another character, nature,
technology, society, or the fates/God.
ii. Antagonist – This character, or group of characters, causes the conflict
for the protagonist. However, the antagonist could be the protagonist,
who is torn by a problem within. Most times, something external is
causing the problem. A group of people causing the conflict would be
considered society, perhaps the members of a team, community, or
institution. Additionally, the antagonist could be a part of nature, such as
an animal, the weather, a mountain, or lake. A different kind of
antagonist would be an item such as a pen, car, phone, carpet, etc.
These are all considered technology since they are instruments or tools to
complete a job. Finally, if the conflict comes from something out of the
character’s control, the antagonist is fate or God.
b. Minor Characters:
i. Foil – A foil is a character that has opposite character traits from
another, meant to help highlight or bring lout another’s positive or
negative side. Many times, the antagonist is the foil for the protagonist.
ii. Static – Characters who are static do not change throughout the story.
Their use may simply be to create or relieve tension, or they were not
meant to change. A major character can remain static through the whole
story.
iii. Dynamic – Dynamic characters change throughout the story. They may
learn a lesson, become bad, or change in complex ways.
iv. Flat – A flat character has one or two main traits, usually only all positive
or negative. They are the opposite of a round character. The flaw or
strength has its use in the story.
v. Round – These are the opposite of the flat character. These characters
have many different traits, good and bad, making them more interesting.

B. Dialogue. These are the conversations spoken between people. It is an important

component of creative nonfiction
C. Theme. There is a central idea that is weaved through the essay or work. Often, the
theme reveals a universal truth. A literary theme is the main idea or underlying meaning
a writer explores in a novel, short story, or other literary work. The theme of a story can
 be conveyed using characters, setting, dialogue, plot, or a combination of all these
elements. The following are common themes in literature:
a. Good vs. evil – The classic battle between light and dark, altruism and
antagonism, the theme of good versus evil.
b. Love – Love is one of the most universal themes in literature, as in life. Love can
be a force for good that inspires people to sacrifice themselves for others, or a
toxic force that drives people to madness or violence.
c. Redemption – Failures or tragedies set the stage for a sad story, but it doesn’t
have to end this way: in books that employ redemption as a central theme,
characters see the errors of their ways and strive to right the wrongs they’ve
committed, making for an uplifting tale. Stories of redemption often involve a
reformed character sacrificing his or her freedom or life.
d. Courage and perseverance – The triumph of the human spirit in the face of
adversity is a hugely popular theme in literature, film, and real life. Characters in
stories about courage endure difficult circumstances or impossible odds,
persevering through sheer determination, grit, and gall.
e. Coming of age – Also known as a bildungsroman, a classic coming-of-age story
follows one or more characters during their journey of growing up into
adulthood. These characters may experience everything from a loss of innocence
to an awakening or self-awareness before finally reaching maturity.
f. Revenge – A common plot in literature, the theme of revenge sets up a conflict
between one character and his or her enemies as he or she journeys to avenge
wrongs done to them. A revenge story may depict the trials a character must
endure in order to achieve their vengeance—or explore the human cost and
moral dilemmas around pursuing vengeance in the first place

D. Symbols and Symbolisms. Symbolism is a literary device that uses symbols, be they
words, people, marks, locations, or abstract ideas to represent something beyond the
literal meaning. The concept of symbolism is not confined to works of literature: symbols
inhabit every corner of our daily life. Colors like orange and brown connote fall, which is
why they adorn so many Thanksgiving decorations. Road signs, logos, and emojis are
other examples of symbolism—the visuals correspond to ideas, companies, or moods.

Activity 3: CHARADES
Directions: Group yourself into two groups. Each group will get one role-play card, which
they will need to act out. Each group will be given 5 minutes. The group that can guess the
line fastest will get a prize.

Characterization

CHARACTER

● a person, entity, animal, OR object

● that inhabits the story

CHARACTER-IZATION

● portrayal of a character's
○ personality
○ physical description
○ beliefs & attitudes
● developed through
○ actions
○ behaviors
○ dialogue
○ thoughts
○ appearance, wardrobe
 ● conveyed by
○ the narrator
○ other characters
○ the character her/himself
● how characters are developed, described
○ how much or how little
● ethos:
○ morality of person
○ good/evil, does right/wrong

CHARACTER FUNCTIONS

● PROTAGONIST:
○ the main or central character of the story
○ the "hero" or "heroine"
○ (though not necessarily brave or courageous)
● II. ANTAGONIST:
○ the character or force who actions
○ oppose those of the Protagonist
● III. FOIL:
○ a minor character
○ who emphasizes the qualities of another character
○ through implied contrast between them
○ (foil reflects)
● IV. ANTI-HERO:
○ a person (usually from the 20th-century)
○ who is ordinary, inglorious, not courageous, not brave, solitary (a loner),
imperfect or flawed
■ with an inconsistency of character
■ and failed goals
○ these characters lack a consistent personality or character, self, or identity

CHARACTER TYPES:

● ROUND:
○ realistic, complex, contradictory
○ true-to-life, believable
○ often such characters will have sufficient motivation for their actions, behaviors
○ they have more details, description, and are given thoughts, feelings, and
perceptions to seem more 3-dimensional
○ they also CHANGE, grow, develop, fall, rise, develop, and have epiphanies
● FLAT:
○ stereotypical, 1-dimensional
○ s/he usually has but one outstanding characteristic/trait/feature
○ flat characters are NOT necessarily Stock characters
○ unlike "dynamic" Round characters, Flat characters do NOT change;
■ they remain STATIC
○ *Flat characters do not necessarily demean a work; they serve their purposes,
■ such as background or foil.
○ Otherwise inflated or expanded,
■ they would distract and detract from the main characters and confuse the
action/plot.
● STOCK:
○ an archetype or stereotype
○ a literary character who embodies a number of traits commonly applied to or
found in a particular class or group of people
 ○ known typically by an outstanding quality or trait, often a dominant virtue or
vice:
■ the loyal sidekick

One-Act Play

A one-act play is a play that has only one act, as distinct from plays that occur over
several acts. One-act plays may consist of one or more scenes. In recent years the 10-minute
play known as "flash drama" has emerged as a popular sub-genre of the one-act play,
especially in writing competitions.

The origin of the one-act play may be traced to the very beginning of drama in ancient
Greece, Cclops, a satyr play by Euripides, is an early example.
Like all drama, one act plays are made up of the same elements that are necessary for short
stones Theme, Plot, Character, and dialogue.

Theme
The one-act needs to have a theme or thought just as a full-length does. What is the play
about? Revenge? Self-discovery? Whatever your choice, it needs to be clear in your mind what
your theme is. In a full-length play, all characters, plots, and subplots need to point to and
support the theme. The one-act is not much different, except the subplots will likely be absent.

Plot
This is much different in the one-act than in the full-length. For a full-length play, the plot is the
series and sequence of events that lead the hero (and the audience) on the joumey. In a one-
act play there is really only time for one significant event. This is the determining place for the
hero, where all is won or lost. Events that lead up to this must be incorporated into the script
without the benefit of the audience seeing them. And any events that follow must be inferred or
understood by the audience that they will occur.

Character
There is really only enough time in this to get to know one character well -- the hero. In the
short time that the one-act play is going, it is the hero's event that the audience is
experiencing. again, there im't time for more than that. Some characteristics of the supporting
characters, including the antagonist, will need to be portrayed for the story to move forward,
but it is the character of the protagonist that is vital to the story line.

Dialogue
Economy is the key here. Each line must be crafted carefully to focus on the theme, the
incident, and the character of the protagonist. The dialogue need not be terse, but must be
concise and full of meaning. Any lines that do not point to the focus of the play should be
carefully considered whether they are needed

Activity 3. CHARADES
Directions: Group yourselves into two groups. One member should analyze and understand
the role play card she gets, and his or her team will guess what is written on the card. Each
team will be given 5 minutes. The first group to guess the line from the card will get extra
points.
 ❖ Encourage the learners to ask questions on points that are not very clear to them.

❖ Deepen learners’ understanding by letting them do activities

Deepen

Activity 7. CHARADES
Directions: Analyze and understand the Play. Then fill out the table below.

MATILDA

Characters

Theme

Plot and plot structure

convention

Audience
 Dialogue

Transfer

Activity
Directions: Read each statement carefully and identify the correct answer from the word
bank. Write your answer on the space provided

UPSTAGE DEUTERAGONIST FOIL ACT BLOCKING PROTAGONIST CONFIDANT

DIALOGUE ANTAGONIST PROOPS DOWNSTAGE TERTIARY CHARACTERS

_________1. It is done the day before the performance, it is where the position and the moves
of actors are introduced.
_________2. The “best friend” or “sidekick“, often the protagonist’s goal flows through this
character.
_________3. These are materials and objects used to enhance the environment of the play.
_________4. The blueprint of the play: consist of the lines of the characters in the play.
_________5. A character that primarily exists to bring the protagonist’s qualities into sharper
relief.
_________6. The rival, villain or the opposing character.
_________7. It is a part of the stage away from the audience.
_________8. The main character: the character which the audience is most invested in.
_________9. It is commonly called the divisions are sections in a play.
_________10. These are the characters that populate the world, not necessarily linked to the
main story line.

Part 2. Matching Type:

Directions: Match column A with the corresponding item in column B. Write the letter of your
answer for each number.

Column A. Column B.

a. The one who controls the different aspects

____1. Cue of production (e.g. rehearsals)

b. When actors bow to the audience when

____2. Director the play ends

____3. Curtain call c. The front part of the stage

d. The organizer and coordinator of the

____4. Stage Manager production

e. The signal given to actors where they

____5. Downstage enter and when they should speak

Closure

❖ Let the learners share their insights in the class and ask them what they learned in the
lesson.
❖ End the lesson with this saying, “But you, take courage! Do not let your hands be weak,
for your work shall be rewarded.”
 ❖ For the homework, students are tasked to watch 1 Drama/Theater play. List down the
characters, Plot, theme and short reflection about the play. (1-5 sentences)

Prepared by: Noted by:

CRIS C. CORPIN MS. ANNA ROSE C. JALECO, LPT

Practice Teacher Coordinating Teacher

Checked:

MR. JOEMAR A. 0GAGNAO, MCDDS

Academic Coordinator

Approved:

SR. MA. LUCILA A. NARRA, OP MAEM

Principal