@ @óïšbîŠ@ãíÝÈ@Ûbi@2 @ @æîíÙnÜa@ì@óïiÝÜ@óîíév€Üa@óﺆbØÿa

@ @2010@ñbà@òŠì†@ð€j
@ @09@Z@Þàbɾa @ @ÈŒ@ŠíàŒ@þŽ@Ãbi‹Üa@óéu
@ @pbïšbî‹Üa@ò†bà
@ @pbÈbŽ@ÊiŠc@Z@Œb−fia@ò‡à @ @pbïჀÜa@óibïä

Z01@âÔŠ@æî‹ánÜa •
2
@ @Z@ðÝî@b·@Ӌɾa@ Τ ðÝ‚a‡Üa@kïØÜa@çíäbÕi@ ℝ óÈíáa@†ìä

@ @ ∀ ( x, y ) ∈ ℝ @~ ∀ (a, b) ∈ ℝ Z( x, y ) Τ (a, b) = ( xa − yb, xb + ya + 2 yb)

2 2

{( x, y ) ∈ ℝ 2 / x + y ≠ 0} @Z@óÈíáa@nÉä@ì
@ @N@ G =

@ @N@óï܆bjm@ò‹àŒ@ (G ,Τ ) çc@ì@( ℝ ,Τ ) æà@‹Õnà@öu@ G çc@µi@−(1

2

 x + y y  
 
@ @N@ Ε = M ( x, y ) =   / ( x, y ) ∈ G @Z@óÈíáa@nÉä@−(2
  0 x + y 
@ @N@ ∀ ( x, y ) ∈ G;f (( x, y )) = M ( x, y )@Z@ðÝî@b·@ Ε í®@ G æà@Ӌɾa@ÖïjHnÜa@ f æÙïÜ@ì

@ @N@ (Μ 2 (ℝ ),×) æà@‹Õnà@öu@ Ε çc@µi@−

@ @N@( Ε,×) óïåi@wnånŽg@âq@L@( Ε,×) í®@(G , Τ ) æà@ðÝibÕm@ÞØb“m@ f çc@µi−

@ @N@ G æà@( x, y )ÞÙÜ@ M ( x, y )óÐíÑ—¾a@líÝÕà@†‡y−‫ج‬

N@ Μ 2 ( ℝ ) À@ò‡yíÜa@óÐíÑ—¾a@ðè@ Ι 2 sïy@L@ X = Ι 2 @Z@ó܆bɾa@ Ε À@Þy@−(3

2

Z02@âÔŠ@æî‹ánÜa •
 
( )
@ @N@ O, u , v ‹’bjàì@âÅå¿@‡àbÉnà@âÝÉà@¶g@líåà@( Ρ) ñ‡ÕÉÜa@õín¾a

@ @N@ z
'
= iz + (1 + i ) @Z@sï¢@ M ' ( z ' )óHÕåÜbi@ M ( z ) óHÕä@ÞØ@Âi‹î@ñ‰Üa@ R ÞîíznÜa@nÉä−(1
@ @N@ênîìaÜ@bŽbïÔ@ì@ëØ‹à@Ö¨@a†‡«@çaŠì†@ R çc@µi−
−1
@ @N@ R çaŠì‡ÝÜ@ R ðÙÉÜa@çaŠì‡ÝÜ@óî‡ÕÉÜa@óibnÙÜa@ÂÈc−
@ @Z@ó܆bɾa@L@ ℂ óÈíáa@À@nÉä@−(2

@ @N@(Ε) : −iz − 3(1 + i ) z 2 − 6 z −10 + 2i = 0

3

@ @N@ 8 †‡ÉÝÜ@bjÉÙà@aŠ‰u@ z çbØ@aˆg@ÂÕÐ@ì@aˆg@(Ε) ß@þy@çíÙî@ z bî‡ÕÈ@a†‡È@çc@µi−

'

@ @N@( Ρ) ñ‡ÕÉÜa@õín¾a@À@bèŠí–@ C ì@ B ì@ A æÙnÜ@L@ (Ε) ó܆bɾa@ßíÝy@óÈíáª@wnånŽg−

@óHïa@ò‹÷a‡Üa@ðè@@ iz + (1 + i ) = 2 @Z@sï¢@(Ρ) æà@ M ( z )ÂÕåÜa@óÈíáª@çc@µi−‫ج‬

N@êi@óHïa@ò‹÷a‡Üa@ì@ ABC sÝr¾a@( Ρ) ñ‡ÕÉÜa@õín¾a@À@öô“äc@âq@L@ ABC sÝr¾bi
 Z03@âÔŠ@æî‹ánÜa •
@ @N@( Ε ) : 28 x −15 y = −6 @Z@ó܆bɾa@L@ ℤ × ℤ óÈíáa@À@nÉä

@ @N@( Ε ) ó܆bÉáÝÜ@Þy@(3,6)xìÜa@çc@æà@ÖÕ¥−−(1

@ @N@( Ε ) ó܆bɾa@ ℤ × ℤ À@Þy−

 z ≡ 8[ 28]
@ @N@( S ) :  @Z@óáÅåÜa@ ℤ À@Þy−(2
 z ≡ 2[15]

@ @ZÖïjHm−(3
@çíÝÜa@öa‹¼@õ‹‚c@ì@óÕïÔ†@15 @ÞØ@‘cŠ@ôÝÈ@çíÝÜa@öa‹Ñ–@óï÷íš@òŠb’g@x‹i@Šbåà@sÉjî
@ @ 0h 2 min Z@„îŠbnÜa@paˆ@óÅzÝÜa@‡åÈ@çíÝÜa@öa‹Ñ–@òŠb’g@tbÉjäg@ÆyíÜ@L@óÕïÔ† 28 @ÞØ@‘cŠ@ôÝÈ
@ @N@ 0h8min @Z@„îŠbnÜa@paˆ@óÅzÝÜa@‡åÈ@öa‹á¨a@òŠb’fia@tbÉjäg@ì
N@ò‹à@ßìÿ@µnï÷í›Üa@µmŠb’fia@tbÉjäg@béïÐ@ÖibHnnŽ@ð€nÜa@óÅzÝÜa@„îŠbm@†‡y

Z04@âÔŠ@æî‹ánÜa •
Zßìÿa@ö§a

@ @N@ g ( x ) = xe− x @Z@ðÝî@b·@ ℝ ôÝÈ@óЋɾa@ g óÉÜa@óÜa‡Üa@nÉä

@ @N@ ℝ ôÝÈ@ g óÜa‡Üa@paÍm@‘Š†c−(1

1
N@( ∀x ∈ ℝ );g ( x ) ≤ @Z@çc@wnånŽg−(2
e
ZðäbrÜa@ö§a

ex
@ @N@ f ( x ) = x @Z@ðÝî@b·@óЋɾa@ f óÉÜa@óÜa‡Üa@nÉä
e −x

( )
@ @N@ O, i , j âÅå¿@ì@‡àbÉnà@âÝÉà@À@ f óÜa‡ÝÜ@Þrá¾a@ôåzå¾a@(Cf ) æÙïÜ@ì

@ @N@ ℝ ôÝÈ@óЋÉà@ f óÜa‡Üa@çc@µi−−(1

@ @N@µnvïnåÜa@båè@ßìc@âq@L@ lim f ( x)@ì@ lim f ( x) @Z@µnîbéåÜa@kyc−

x→−∞ x→+∞

(1− x) e x
@ @N@( ∀x ∈ ℝ );f ( x) =
'
@Z@çc@ì@ ℝ ôÝÈ@×bÕn’flÜ@óÝibÔ@ f çc@µi@−‫ج‬
(e − x)
x 2

@ @N@bémaÍm@ßì‡u@Êš@âq@L@ f paÍm@ôzåà@wnånŽg−‫د‬

@ @N@H@líÝHà@Ì@báè‡î‡¥@ÓbHÉäg@ð€nHÕä@(Cf ) ôåzåáÝÜ@I@(Cf ) ôåzå¾a@öô“äc−

 @ @N@ f ([1;+∞[)@ì@ f ([0;1])@†‡y−−(2
  e    e  e
@ @N@ f  1;   ⊂ 1;  @Z@çc@ì@( ∀x ∈ ℝ + );1 ≤ f ( x) ≤ @Z@çc@wnånŽg@−
  e −1   e −1 e −1
 e 
@ @N@ 1;  ßba@À@ α a‡ïyì@þy@ÞjÕm@ f ( x) = x @Z@ó܆bɾa@çc@µi@−‫ج‬
 e −1
−1   g ( x −1)@Z@çc@æà@ÖÕ¥−−(3
 N@( ∀x ∈ ℝ );f ( x) = ( )
' 2
f x
e  
1
@ @N@( ∀x ∈ [1; +∞[); f ( x ) ≤
'
@Z@çc@µi−
(e −1)
2

1
([1; +∞[) ; f ( x)− f ( y ) ≤
2
N@ ∀ ( x, y ) ∈ x − y @Z@çc@wnånŽg−‫ج‬
(e −1)
2

ZsÜbrÜa@ö§a

@ @N@( ∀n ∈ ℕ ); un+1 = f (un ) @ì@ u0 = 1@Z@ðÝî@b·@óЋɾa@óïÜbnn¾a@(un )n∈ℕ æÙnÜ

e
@ @N@( ∀n ∈ ℕ );1 ≤ un ≤ @Z@çc@µi−(1
e −1
1
@ @N@( ∀n ∈ ℕ ); un+1 − α ≤ un − α @Z@çc@µi−−(2
(e −1)
2

N@ lim un = α @Z@çc@ì@óiŠbÕnà@(un )n∈ℕ óïÜbnn¾a@çc@wnånŽg−

n→+∞

ZÊia‹Üa@ö§a

x2
@ @N@ F( x ) = ∫ f (t ) dt @Z@ðÝî@b·@ ℝ ôÝÈ@óЋɾa@óÜa‡Üa@ F æÙnÜ
0
x2

@ @N@ ( ∀x ∈ [1; +∞[); ∫1 f (t ) dt ≥ ( x 2 −1)@Z@çc@µi@−−(1

F( x)
@ @N@ lim @ì@ lim F( x ) @Z@µnîbéåÜa@æà@óîbéä@ÞØ@wnånŽg@−
x→+∞ x x→+∞

@ @N@( ∀x ∈ ℝ );F ( x ) = 2 x.f

'
( x 2 )@Z@çc@ì@ ℝ ôÝÈ@×bÕn’flÜ@óÝibÔ@ F çc@µi@−−(2
@ @N@bémaÍm@ßì‡u@Êš@âq@L@ F paÍm@ôzåà@wnånŽg−

@ @N@@Ëíší¾a@ôénäg