RECONNECTING RIVERFRONT TO THE CITY

DIGESH SHAH : EN-201703101710005

INTRODUCTION • Riverfront in urban context has been a worldwide concern as they play an
important role in the development of the cities. The relationship between
water-related and urban-based functions, deep-rooted in ancient times,
persist the world-wide until the mid twenty century (hoyle, 1997).

• Cities are now growing bigger, the pressure on urban space and the
quality of the urban environment is constantly rising.

• The river front development provides a unique opportunity for developing

a strong city image along with providing an opportunity to scientifically
design systems for recharging ground water from the only large natural
resource of the city.

• Riverfront green spaces are essential to a city’s development because of

their many benefits.
• First is the environment advantage and human health. Riverfront green
spaces can provide clean recreational places for people, especially for
efficient use in urban downtown area.

• Second is their promotion of urban economic development. As the

geographic center of a city, urban riverfronts are often nearest to all
residents. They are among the best places to gather people together, and
prepare for the city’s commercial development.

• This research is an attempt to address the concerns and understanding the

integration between the waterfront and city.

• The study examines the case of amaravathi city in the state of andhra
pradesh india.
RESEARCH QUESTIONS

• What are the adverse effect of riverfront development on social ,

economic and geographical ?

• What are the planning responses for riverfront development in indian

context ?

• What are the factor responsible for the development of public spaces?

NEED OF THEPROJECT

• The need of the study is determined by the various

factors:
• Deteriorating conditions of urban rivers
• Background of riverfront
• Narrow publicspace
• Eco-situationimprovement
• Local economy

AIM AND OBJECTIVE

• The project aims to provide amaravathi with a meaningful waterfront

environment along the banks of the krishna river and to redefine an identity of
amarava river . the project looks to reconnect the city with the river not only
physical but also emotionally through creating identity
, culture,and image of amaravati city .
The object of this project can be two parts

• 1.A river can mark a path ,an edge, a district , a node and alndmarks in fact it
is very difficult to imagine an urban waterfront .
• 2. Social infrastructure: to indentify the various social activities
happening on the river front.

• Scope

1. Sustainable design concept

2. Concept and category of riverfront .
3. Ecological design
4. Landscape and history context
5. Bazaar
6. Sewage system
7. Connecting river to community
8. Water recreation
• Limitations
• I will include study of all the process and methods of rejuvenation of
riverfront .

• I will include a study of different type of riverfront .

• I will more emphasis on innovative design of a connecting link through the

built structure, which will create an easy and safe access for people to
reach till the waterfront .
• Parameters of riverfront development

1. Physical parameters
2. Social parameters
3. Environmental parameters
4. Economical parameters
5. Management parameters
RIVER • Amaravathi, the new capital of Andhra Pradesh, is proposed to be built
along the banks of Krishna River, upstream of the city of Vijayawada.

• The government's proposal for the development, illustrates an engineered

riverfront. In addition, the scheme falls short in demonstrating the social and
cultural relationship with water and ignores the existence of farming in the
site.

• Hyderabad has been a culturally and economically dynamic city even before
India received Independence. Having to share a temporary capital with
Telangana, Andhra Pradesh is in dire need to replace not only the
psychological but also the economical loss of Hyderabad. Thus, lies the
burden on the state of Andhra Pradesh to build a capital city which can
match the economic and cultural vibrancy of Hyderabad.

• the 2011 census state that the "66.19%" of the population, in the 3 entire Guntur
district, lives in rural areas (census2011.co.in). The capital site itself has 31
villages, and the prime industry of the place has been agriculture . The current
population within the site boundary is 265,056 and some of the settlements
with the highest population are Mangalagiri, Tadepalli, Penumaka and Thullur .

• The Krishna River is known for its "soil erosion" and regular flooding, One of the
longest rivers in the country, its southern basin lies in the state of Andhra
Pradesh. In the past, the river has caused heavy floods resulting in loss of life,
property, and agriculture production that has occurred for a long time along
its bank.
• The first recorded flood that hugely impacted the lives of many, is known to
have occurred in the year 1903. Many parts of the future capital site suffered
damage due to flood in the recent years: 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2012 and
2013 .
AMARAVTI
SITE

• Amaravati was selected as the new Capital City of Andhra Pradesh due to its
strategic location which lies between the two nodal urban centres of
Vijayawada and Guntur in the Capital Region (8,600 sq. km).

• The city was born after overwhelming support of 24,000 farmers who came
together in India’s largestever consensus-based land pooling of 35,000 acres.

• The concept proposes residential developments

to be clusters into townships. Each township will
be planned in accordance to the township
model, designed using the strategy of
hierarchical distribution of population, land uses,
open spaces and infrastructure. The township
model is guided by the folloAwing design
principles:
• The capital site vision of building a city of the future, started out by first
acquiring 33,000 acres of agricultural land through land pooling , The
government scheme tries, and resolves the ecological problem especially
flood, by proposing to bank the river edge.
• The water shortage problem for the millions of people who will reside in the
new capital, is addressed by implementing large reservoirs scattered in the
capital. Since the site is considerably flat, the scheme is to raise the land, by
fill of approximately 2m.
• The government scheme promises to have a population of around 2.4 million
by 2050, and approximately one million job opportunities (Ramachandraiah).
• The Krishna River, is considered as one of the sacred rivers of India. Although it
rises from the western ghats, north of Mahabaleshwar, there is a general
belief that it rises from the mouth of a bull statue in an ancient temple in
Mahabaleshwar.
• The temple is of Lord Shiva, a Hindu god, and the bull or nandi is Lord Shiva's
vehicle. The water from the mouth of the bull gets collected into a shallow
water tank. The word Krishna means dark blue or black, and the river is the
name of Lord Krishna, the incarnation of one of the three main deities, Lord
Vishnu, the preserver or the protector in the Hindu mythology .
LIST OF CASE STUDY
1 ) Sabarmati Riverfront Ahmedabad, Gujarat.

2 ) Patna Riverfront ,Bihar.

3 ) GODAVARI RIVERFRONT DEVELOPMENT

4 ) Dravyavati River In Jaipur, Rajasthan.

Sabarmati Riverfront Ahmedabad

• The river sabarmati flows from north to south splitting ahmedabad into almost two equal parts. For
many years, it has served as a water source and provided almost no formal recreational space for the
city .
• The city has grown, the Sabarmati river had been abused and neglected and with the increased
pollution was posing a major health and environmental hazard to the city.
• The slums on the riverbank were disastrously flood prone and lack basic infrastructure services. The
River became back of the City and inaccessible to the public
Sabarmati Riverfront Ahmedabad

• Due to increase in urban pressures, carrying capacity of existing sewage system falling short and its
diversion into storm water system releasing sewage into the River.
• Illegal sewage connections in the storm water drains Abuse of the River Sabarmati became a place
to dump garbage Storm water drains spewed untreated sewage into the river.
• Open defecation from the near by human settlements spread over the entire length. Discharge of
industrial effluent through some SWDs. Illegal construction/encroachment of huts/slum on the river
bed.
Sabarmati Riverfront Ahmedabad

• Objectives
• Rehabilitation of Gujari Bazaar
• Environmental Improvement • Rehabilitation of Dhobis (Washermen)
• Creating network of public open spaces • Creating vibrant urban neighborhood
• Providing adequate public access to the river.
• Recreational Activities
• Rehabilitation of the slums
Sabarmati Riverfront Ahmedabad
• DEVELOPMENT SITE

• AMENTIES SECTION

• RECREATION MAP
• River Promenade
• The key feature of this project is a two-level, continuous promenade at the water’s edge along each
bank of the river. The lower-level promenade is built just above the water level to serve pedestrians
and cyclists, and to provide access to the water.

• The upper level promenade shall host a

variety of public features at the city level.
Together these provide ahmedabad with an
uninterrupted, pedestrian walkway, nearly
11.5km in length, in the heart of the city.
• This project is a two-level, continuous
promenade water’s edge along each bank
of the river.Together these provide
ahmedabad with an uninterrupted,
pedestrian walkway, of 11.3km in length, in
the heart of the city
Parks and Gardens
• The project devotes around seventy hectares, more than a quarter (26%), of the reclaimed land
towards creating public spaces in the heart of the city. These open spaces range from public parks
and gardens to shaded plazas and urban forests.
• The parks shall enhance livability in the neighbourhoods and provide the city with much needed
green spaces and respite from the dense built environment. The plazas on the other hand will offer
public places for social gatherings, and informal activities to take place.

• This park is one of the many public gardens created along the riverfront in this project. The aim of the
project is to transform this park into an urban retreat and strengthen the green space network on the
western part of the city. The 1.85 hectare park provides the visitors an opportunity to reconnect
themselves with the missing nature within the concrete spaces of the city
Parks and Gardens
• This 6.2 hectare urban park is located on the opposite bank of the sabarmati ashram and is having a
long green stretch of 1.5 k.M. It has many attractions like walking area, sun dial, amphitheater, thought
garden, children play area, street area along with food area and shopping plaza. You can sit, back
and relax at one place. This park is located between subhash bridge and dadichi bridge.

• USMANPURA RIVERFRONT PARK • RIVERFRONT BIODIVERSITY PARK

• RIVERFRONT CHILDREN PARK • RIVERFRONT FLOWER PARK

 Sabarmati Riverfront Ahmedabad

place Before Now Before Now

Event area

Slum

Promenade

Bazaar

Garden

Dhobi
ghat

This new development would be adding 5.8 kms to the existing 11.5
kms stretch on the riverfront east and 5.2 kms to the existing 11.5 kms
stretch on the riverfront west of phase I ending up to indira bridge. will
be covered from ambedkar bridge to indira bridge and would take
the total length of the project from 23 kms to 34 kms.
 PATNA RIVERFRONT ,BIHAR.

• Patna Riverfront Revitalization project is a Public space and Landscape restoration initiative at the Old
City in Patna.

• Engaging a historic stretch along the river, the proposed development includes 6m wide promenade, 4
community, education and recreational public building, public toilets, change rooms, lifeguard and first
aid, food kiosks, way-finding and upgraded network of access streets.

• Historically, Patna ( old city Pataliputra) is a linear city planned along the Ganges and has a long history
of evolution related to the river.
• The existing urban river edge is a 7 kilometres stretch consisting of 28 Ghats-
isolated and unconnected at the river edge.The riverfront comprises of a
thin strip of land varying from 30m- 50m as per local condition and much of
is in gradient, the vision plan covered an area of study that was a complex
mosaic of urban fabric varying from 400m to 100m from the river and
bounded by the main transportation spine- Ashok Rajpath.
PATNA RIVERFRONT ,BIHAR.
PATNA RIVERFRONT ,BIHAR.
MASTER PLAN
• The existing urban river edge is a 7 kilometres stretch consisting of 28 Ghats-isolated and unconnected at
the river edge.The riverfront comprises of a thin strip of land varying from 30m- 50m as per local condition
and much of is in gradient, the vision plan covered an area of study that was a complex mosaic of urban
fabric varying from 400m to 100m from the river and bounded by the main transportation spine- Ashok
Rajpath.

• A dense cluster of cities straddles the Gangetic Plain that make a complex network of trade and
economy. Economics and planning have found a convenient nomenclature of metropolitan areas
Delhi, Noida, Lucknow), 2nd tier and 3rd tier cities. Patna has found a place in this middle landscape and
though historically very rich, it is currently undergoing a major urban transformation and emerging with a
• A dense cluster of cities straddles the Gangetic Plain that make a complex network of trade and
economy. Economics and planning have found a convenient nomenclature of metropolitan areas
Delhi, Noida, Lucknow), 2nd tier and 3rd tier cities. Patna has found a place in this middle landscape
and though historically very rich, it is currently undergoing a major urban transformation and emerging
with a new identity.
AUDIO –VISUAL THETER
COMMUNITY CENTER
CREMATORIUM CENTER
DRAVYAVATI RIVER JAIPUR
• The government bodies and ministry of urban development of the state of rajasthan have identified
several water bodies in the state for rejuvenation and redevelopment projects which focusses on
transforming these urban water bodies and cities in terms of planning, solid waste management, water
management, sustainable energy provisions, governance and housing.
• Urban planning, urban governance in the cities are focus of transformations and will be used to
develop these cities into urban centers with improved public amenities, transport systems etc .

• According to the government agencies this project

will help in restoring Jaipur’s historic river as the resting
corridor for the public facilitating a “harmonious
relationship between the citizens of Jaipur and
nature”.
DRAVYAVATI RIVER JAIPUR

• Often such areas are rendered useless and dumping grounds of waste of the city are found inhabited
by informal settlements or slums.
• Slum inhabitants or the informal population finds shelter and livelihood here amidst the waste. Kondolf
has argued that in cities or urban regions small rivers can be either converted into underground culverts
or open sewers while bigger and wider rivers pose challenges in terms of bridges and transportation.
Whichever the case, the aesthetics of waterways and canals and their importance for city’s
transportation are in stark contrast with their heavy polluted waters.
• Most cities in the global south still face major challenges with regard to heavy pollution, sanitation,
public health along the rivers, illegal occupation and access to rivers.
DRAVYAVATI RIVER JAIPUR

• The ecology of the river and the social life on the riverbed have been completely remade through this
project with pollution control in the river, displacement of informal settlements and redevelopment of
the riverbanks to create public spaces in the city. Secondly, there is a dearth of academic research as
this project is fairly new in the city and most studies available for this river have focused on pollution
levels and waste management along the river.

• Jaipur’s urban transformation policies are dominated by efficiency in planning, administrative

discussions on land use, environmental and ecological conservation and public-private corporation.
Governmental organizations and institutions play a key role in efficiently planning the urban renewal
programs and decisions around expenditure of public funds .

• Health: Will improve air, water and land quality of the impact zone resulting increased health capital
of the citizen .
• Safety: Flood protection and general safety will boost confidence of investors
• Employment Generation: Expected to generate more than 5000 jobs in eco system.
• Reclamation of valuable Government land 72 Hectares Value enhancement of the properties in
impact zone: wealth creation for citizens.
DRAVYAVATI RIVER JAIPUR

• Scope of works to
Develop TD2 (5.1 KM) and
TD5 (3.8 KM).
• Area Development with
walkways, Cycle track, Sit-
outs etc along Developed
Drains
DRAVYAVATI RIVER JAIPUR
DRAVYAVATI RIVER JAIPUR

• INTEGRATED RIVER REJUVENATION PROJECT

OBJECTIVES - III: AREA DEVELOPEMENT
• River promenade
• Walkway & Cycle tracks
• Riverfront Sit-outs / Viewing Decks
• Lighting
• Smart Riverfront access
DRAVYAVATI RIVER JAIPUR
GODAVARI RIVERFRONT DEVELOPMENT

• The water has a capability to make cities as a cultural and heritage hub. Every vacationer that came
to the metropolis will bypass the river, so through growing the river in a beautiful manner that attracts
the greater humans to go to the area and that boom the revenue .

• The rise and fall of many towns were related to transportation and buying and selling. Villages located
on waterfronts became fishing villages and trading ports. Industrial companies, areas and districts
moved their activities to edges of cities and in most case outside cities border

• The primary objective ofthe riverfront

development twas to connect the city to
the river, make it more accessible and
usable by the residents.
• The master plan divided the 5 kms on north
and south bank into five zones each. These
zones identified the assets

Amenities
1) Parking areas
2) Organized market area
3) Jogging track/ Walkway along river
4) Gardens, parks
5) Amphitheatre
6) Ambient lighting and Laser fountains
7) Oxidation pond for treating thewastewater
8) Making the surrounding clean andhygienic
GODAVARI RIVERFRONT DEVELOPMENT

• North Bank Key Characteristics Is dotted with religious structures and several Ghats. The main
link from the Sachkhand Gurudwara opens onto the Nagina Ghat, the hub of riverside activity in
Nanded.
• There is an increase in density as one moves from Dankin towards Deglur Bridge.
• A steep 11m drop leads down to the rocky banks with grassy patches on fertile patches. Several
islands and rock outcrops make the bed largely usable.
• Much of the bank is free from construction, with farming, grazing and shrubby vegetation.
• Informal activities such as dhobi ghats and playgrounds mushroom on the clearings.

• South Bank Key Characteristics

• Newer Part of City merged with Old Nanded In 1997

• Largely undeveloped, very little activity along the bank
• Land available for development
GODAVARI RIVERFRONT DEVELOPMENT
• LAND USE MAP

• A large volume of high density residential zone with open / sparse green and cultivation land
spread along the river front.

• Religious structures like the gurudwaras, temples and mosques are built along the water front.

• Old mondha is the main commercial connected to the water front through the latur bridge road
going across the river to south of nanded. Other mixed use development along the roads
connecting to this commercial square with commercial development along the main road and
residential at the back.
GODAVARI RIVERFRONT DEVELOPMENT

BUILT FABRIC ANALYSIS

Natural Drainage & Utility

• Interceptor drain is largely dysfunctional

• untreated sewage is directly emptied into the river through.
• Storm water nallahs.
• 26 nallahs empty into the river within city limits.
• River banks used for washing clothes.
• River water is polluted and unfit for ritual bathing
GODAVARI RIVERFRONT DEVELOPMENT
 GODAVARI RIVERFRONT DEVELOPMENT
BEFORE

NOW