Balija

Balija is a caste found in the state of Andhra Pradesh,Tamil Nadu and Karnataka and primarily concentrated in the
Southern Districts of Andhra Pradesh. Balija is a Sub Caste of the Kapu or Naidu caste of Andhra Pradesh. This is
the only Subcaste of Kapu which bears both the titles Setty and Naidu

Contents

 Sub Castes
 Origins

Sub Castes

The other SubCastes or Geographical Names of Balija are

 Kapu
 Munnuru Kapu
 Telaga
 Turpu Kapu
 Ontari
 Naidu

Origins

Primarily Traders by Occupation they seem to have been formed by a small Social Change that seem to have
occurred among some sections of the Kapu community. According to some Historians, the Original Balijas seem
to have migrated from the Balijipeta, Vizianagaram District.

Veera Balaingyas were mentioned in Kakatiya inscriptions. They were powerful and wealthy merchants who were
highly respected in Kakatiyan society. The Balijas had the title Setty and were primarily Tax collectors and
Merchants. Most of the Balijas refer themsleves as Kapu/Telaga in Andhra and as Munnuru Kapu in Telangana.
But in Rayalaseema Area they call themselves Balija/Setty Balija/Balija Naidu here Kapu refers to another
Community.

Balija Branches

 Setty BalijaThese were the Rich and Powerful Traders and Merchants of the Kakatiya dynasty. There was
mention of some very old Trading Guilds concentrated in Bellary in Karnataka.Infact Historian's suggest
this was the first branch in Balijas.
 Balija Naidu Balija Naidu is a derivation of the term Balija Nayakulu. This sub caste seems to have
formed during the Kakatiya dynasty times primarily to protect the Balija / Setty trading caravans from
being attacked by bandits.The current Anantapur Dt and Nellore Dt were ruled by Balija Naidu
Kings/Families.
  Kota Balijas the Araveedu dynasty of Vijayanagar Empire was from this lineage so are the Madurai
Nayaks and the Tanjavore Nayaks.
 Gajula Balija/Sugavansi Balija(Pure) Myth is that Siva’s wife Parvati made a penance in order to look
beautiful for Siva and the person that brought her bangles riding a donkey was the ancestor of the Gajula
Balija.
 Kavarai(Kavara Balija Naidu or Gavara Balija Naidu)."Kavarai is the name for Balijas(Telugu trading
caste), who have settled in the Tamil country" as per Thurston of Castes and Tribes of Southern
India.Kavarais call themselves Balijas(Born from fire).They use the titles Naidu,Nayakkan ,Chetti or Setti
and Nayak.Gajula Balija is the largest sub -division of Kavarais.The equivalent name for Gajula Balija in
Tamil is Valaiyal Chetti.(The meaning of Tamil name Valaiyal in Telugu is Gajulu(Bangles).Gajula Balijas
attained this name as they were involved in manufacturing and selling bangles initially though they made
their mark in various other fields later.
 Rajamahendravaram Balija or Musu Kamma Balija(Named after a special ear ornament worn by
women)
 Gandavallu or Gundapodi Vandlu (Supposed to have originally Komatis)
 Anamala
 Linga
 Panchama
 Thota
 Ralla
 Pusa
 Andey
 Racha
 Vyasa
 Gopati Balija
 Mulaka
 Miriyala
 Nemilli
 Pagadala
 Pakanati
 Oppanakkaran (Trader)

Balijas are concentrated throughout Andhra and Rayalseema Region.

* Excerpts from Thimmamba Charithra (Eddula Nandi Reddy) & Penukonda Charitra (Puttaparthy
Narayana Charyulu) & Rallapalli Ananta Krishna Sharma in Andhra Prabha on Research Papers on
Penukonda Charithra

Mentioned In Penugonda Chartira about Srikrishna Devarayas surname is Sammeta or Sampeta. He belongs to
Balija Caste. Still the same surname balijas are heading villages in Anantapur Dist Anegondhi vilage. Krishnaraya
had matrimonial alliances with Matli or metla ("Siddavatam, Kadapa District").

Sri Timmamba great women belongs to Balija cast took sathi after her husband died, she belonged to Gangarajula
family around 14th century they build a fort near Kadiri,( Gootibayalu).There is temple and world famous baniyan
tree called Timmamma Marrimanu (its recorded in Guinniess Book)
Linga Balija of Ande doralu Prasannapaa, pavadappa palegar of Bukkarayapatnam. There were several small
kingdoms in Anantapur and Kadapa Dist owned by Balijas. Gandikota (Near chitravati River) ruled by Gangaraju
and Pemmasinga Timma Nayudu, Kalyanadurgam Butna family, Rayadurgram, Siddavatam and Rajampet etc.

Still some palces in Anantapur Balijas calling as Raja Balijas.

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Labels: History

1 comments:

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