Towards Sustainable Energy:

PERFORMANCE
EVALUATION OF
RENEWABLE ENERGY
INTEGRATION SCENARIOS
Analyze and evaluate the effectiveness of various configurations of
renewable energy sources and energy storage systems, as identified through
an extensive literature survey, in meeting energy demands and mitigating
dependence on conventional power sources.
 table of
contents.

01 INTRODUCTION 04 RESEARCH INSIGHTS

02 OBJECTIVE OF THE
LITERATURE REVIEW 05 BIBLIOGRAPHY

03 LITERATURE REVIEWS 06 CONCLUSION

Introduction:
Renewable energy integration is pivotal for sustainability,
addressing energy demands, and combating climate
change. Our literature review aims to understand its
importance, challenges, and opportunities. Through
synthesis of existing research, we seek to:

1. Highlight the significance of integrating renewables

for sustainability.
2. Identify key factors impacting successful integration.
3. Explore strategies integrating renewables with
storage systems, grids, and demand-side
management.
4. Assess the performance of different integration
scenarios in meeting energy needs and reducing
reliance on traditional sources. This review informs
policy, technology, and promotes a sustainable energy
future.
 Objective of the
Literature Review:
Our literature review aims to:
1. Define research objectives and guide our investigation.
2. Identify gaps and trends in existing literature.
3. Establish a foundation for our research methodology.
4. Inform future research directions in renewable energy
integration.
MULTIPLE ENERGY SOURCES + WIND
ENERGY Literature
SOLAR POWER + HYDRO
Review
SOLAR POWER+ CHP

SOLAR POWER+ WIND

SOLAR POWER+ CHP

INTEGRATED
PROBLEM SOLVED
SYSTEM
1. Wind Power Curtailment: Wind
power abandonment due to
the lack of demand during
peak load regulation periods
leads to wastage of wind
energy resources and poses
challenges for grid stability.
2. Contradiction in CHP Units:
The contradiction between
heat and electric power
outputs from Combined Heat
MULTIPLE
and Power (CHP) units during
ENERGY
off-peak hours exacerbates
SOURCES +
wind power abandonment,
WIND ENERGY
necessitating the maintenance
of high heat output levels even
when electric demand is low.
3. Need for Optimization: Existing
dispatching methods primarily
focus on extra wind power
consumption alone, lacking a
comprehensive strategy to
maximize economic benefits
and fuel savings while
maintaining grid stability.
METHODOLOGY ADVANTAGE LIMITATION
1. Efficiency Improvement:
Utilizing multiple energy
sources, particularly in
1. Two-Step Optimization
conjunction with wind
Model: The coordinated
energy, significantly
dispatching model is
improves system
formulated as a two-step
efficiency.
optimization problem.
2. Maximized Wind Power
2. Step 1: Focuses on
Consumption: The High Initial Capital
optimizing extra wind
coordinated dispatching Investment: The initial
power consumption by
method aims to maximize capital investment
adjusting energy sources at
the consumption of extra required for establishing
the system level to achieve
wind power, thereby multiple energy source
predefined goals.
reducing wind power plants is relatively high
3. Step 2: Maximizes fuel
abandonment and compared to single-
savings and economic
optimizing resource source systems, posing a
benefits by considering the
utilization. financial barrier to
operation of energy sources
3. Economic Benefits: By implementation.
in different working
targeting the maximum
conditions, utilizing a
extra wind power
dynamic programming
consumption and highest
algorithm to ensure the
economic benefit, the
most economical unit
strategy enhances fuel
utilization.
savings and overall
economic efficiency of
the hybrid energy system
 INTEGRATED
PROBLEM SOLVED
SYSTEM
1. Energy Crisis in Rwanda: The
main problem addressed in the
research is the energy crisis
faced by Rwanda, hindering its
development and affecting its
population, particularly in
remote areas.
2. Need for Renewable Energy
Integration: With a significant
portion of the population
lacking access to electricity,
there's a pressing need to
SOLAR POWER + integrate renewable energy
HYDRO sources (RES) to enhance
power generation and improve
energy access.
3. Hybrid Systems as Solutions:
Micro hybrid systems,
combining renewable energy
sources with conventional
ones, are proposed as
alternatives to nonrenewable
energy sources like diesel
generators and coal, offering
efficiency, reliability, and cost-
effectiveness.
METHODOLOGY ADVANTAGE LIMITATION
1. Optimization Methods:
Various hybrid system 1. Mitigating Energy Crisis:
optimization methods are Implementing
employed, including linear standalone hybrid
programming, artificial systems can mitigate 1. Data Limitations: Lack
intelligence, energy crises in remote of proper data
MATLAB/Simulink, and areas, providing reliable collection poses a
HOMER. power supply. challenge for
2. Research Focus: The 2. Increased Efficiency: The optimizing hybrid
research focuses on proposed modified P and energy generation
designing and optimizing a O MPPT algorithm systems in Rwanda.
PV-hydro hybrid system enhances PV-generated 2. Technological
using a modified Perturb power, increasing system Constraints: Use of old
and Observe (P and O) efficiency and reliability. technology and
Maximum Power Point 3. Environmental devices in hydropower
Tracking (MPPT) algorithm. Friendliness: Hybrid generation limits the
3. System Design: The PV- systems utilizing outcome of
hydro hybrid system is renewable energy researches, hindering
designed based on unique sources are the implementation of
features of solar PV and environmentally friendly hybrid energy
hydropower. The system compared to generation systems.
aims to optimize daily conventional energy
power generation and sources like diesel
stabilize energy supply to generators.
meet load demands.
 INTEGRATED
PROBLEM SOLVED METHODOLOGY ADVANTAGE LIMITATION
SYSTEM

1. Integration of Solar-Powered
1. Bi-Level Market Equilibrium
Heat Pumps (SPHPs): The
Model: The framework is 1. Operational Cost
research addresses the
formulated as a bi-level Reduction: By investing in 1. Fair Heating Pricing
integration of SPHPs into
market equilibrium model. SPHPs, operational costs Mechanism: Designing
Combined Heat and Power
2. Upper Level: Consumers of CHP systems are a fair heating pricing
(CHP) systems to enhance
strategically invest in SPHPs effectively reduced in mechanism is crucial to
system benefits.
based on LMPs and DHPs, both electric and heating reflect the actual use of
2. Economic Evaluation: The
affecting net electric and sectors. central heat resources
focus is on evaluating the
heating loads. 2. Electricity and Heating and heating networks
economic benefits of
3. Lower Level: LMPs are Cost Reduction: by various consumers.
integrating SPHPs into CHP
updated using Direct Consumers can 2. Optimal Placement of
systems, emphasizing
SOLAR POWER + Current Optimal Power substantially reduce their SPHPs: Determining the
reduction of operational costs
CHP Flow (DCOPF), while DHPs electricity and heating optimal placement of
and efficient provision of heat
are updated using a cost- charges by utilizing SPHPs across the CHP
energy.
plus pricing method. energy from SPHPs. system under a budget
3. Market Equilibrium Model: A
4. Algorithm: Due to the 3. Generation Flexibility: limit is important.
bi-level market equilibrium
nonlinearity of the market Increased use of SPHPs Investigating the
model is developed to assess
equilibrium problem, an benefits both electric and marginal benefits of
the economic benefits. This
algorithm is proposed to heating sectors with SPHPs at different
model considers locational
iteratively solve the bi-level lower operational costs locations is essential for
marginal prices (LMPs) and
model. A criterion is and higher generation optimization.
district heating prices (DHPs)
designed to achieve a flexibility.
to guide consumer investment
desired solution.
decisions in SPHPs.
 INTEGRATED
PROBLEM SOLVED METHODOLOGY ADVANTAGE LIMITATION
SYSTEM

1. Integration of Solar-Powered
1. Bi-Level Market Equilibrium
Heat Pumps (SPHPs): The
Model: The framework is 1. Operational Cost
research addresses the
formulated as a bi-level Reduction: By investing in 1. Fair Heating Pricing
integration of SPHPs into
market equilibrium model. SPHPs, operational costs Mechanism: Designing
Combined Heat and Power
2. Upper Level: Consumers of CHP systems are a fair heating pricing
(CHP) systems to enhance
strategically invest in SPHPs effectively reduced in mechanism is crucial to
system benefits.
based on LMPs and DHPs, both electric and heating reflect the actual use of
2. Economic Evaluation: The
affecting net electric and sectors. central heat resources
focus is on evaluating the
heating loads. 2. Electricity and Heating and heating networks
economic benefits of
3. Lower Level: LMPs are Cost Reduction: by various consumers.
integrating SPHPs into CHP
updated using Direct Consumers can 2. Optimal Placement of
systems, emphasizing
SOLAR POWER + Current Optimal Power substantially reduce their SPHPs: Determining the
reduction of operational costs
CHP Flow (DCOPF), while DHPs electricity and heating optimal placement of
and efficient provision of heat
are updated using a cost- charges by utilizing SPHPs across the CHP
energy.
plus pricing method. energy from SPHPs. system under a budget
3. Market Equilibrium Model: A
4. Algorithm: Due to the 3. Generation Flexibility: limit is important.
bi-level market equilibrium
nonlinearity of the market Increased use of SPHPs Investigating the
model is developed to assess
equilibrium problem, an benefits both electric and marginal benefits of
the economic benefits. This
algorithm is proposed to heating sectors with SPHPs at different
model considers locational
iteratively solve the bi-level lower operational costs locations is essential for
marginal prices (LMPs) and
model. A criterion is and higher generation optimization.
district heating prices (DHPs)
designed to achieve a flexibility.
to guide consumer investment
desired solution.
decisions in SPHPs.
 INTEGRATED
PROBLEM SOLVED METHODOLOGY ADVANTAGE LIMITATION
SYSTEM

1. Integration of Solar-Powered
1. Bi-Level Market Equilibrium
Heat Pumps (SPHPs): The
Model: The framework is 1. Operational Cost
research addresses the
formulated as a bi-level Reduction: By investing in 1. Fair Heating Pricing
integration of SPHPs into
market equilibrium model. SPHPs, operational costs Mechanism: Designing
Combined Heat and Power
2. Upper Level: Consumers of CHP systems are a fair heating pricing
(CHP) systems to enhance
strategically invest in SPHPs effectively reduced in mechanism is crucial to
system benefits.
based on LMPs and DHPs, both electric and heating reflect the actual use of
2. Economic Evaluation: The
affecting net electric and sectors. central heat resources
focus is on evaluating the
heating loads. 2. Electricity and Heating and heating networks
economic benefits of
3. Lower Level: LMPs are Cost Reduction: by various consumers.
integrating SPHPs into CHP
updated using Direct Consumers can 2. Optimal Placement of
systems, emphasizing
SOLAR POWER + Current Optimal Power substantially reduce their SPHPs: Determining the
reduction of operational costs
CHP Flow (DCOPF), while DHPs electricity and heating optimal placement of
and efficient provision of heat
are updated using a cost- charges by utilizing SPHPs across the CHP
energy.
plus pricing method. energy from SPHPs. system under a budget
3. Market Equilibrium Model: A
4. Algorithm: Due to the 3. Generation Flexibility: limit is important.
bi-level market equilibrium
nonlinearity of the market Increased use of SPHPs Investigating the
model is developed to assess
equilibrium problem, an benefits both electric and marginal benefits of
the economic benefits. This
algorithm is proposed to heating sectors with SPHPs at different
model considers locational
iteratively solve the bi-level lower operational costs locations is essential for
marginal prices (LMPs) and
model. A criterion is and higher generation optimization.
district heating prices (DHPs)
designed to achieve a flexibility.
to guide consumer investment
desired solution.
decisions in SPHPs.
 Research Insights
Common Challenges Identified:
Maximizing renewable energy
utilization at the micro-level.
Ensuring safety and reliability of
home energy systems.
Achieving cost-effectiveness in
renewable energy integration for
household use.
Key Focus Areas for Research:
Developing micro-level integration
strategies for renewable energy
sources like wind, solar, CHP etc.
Implementing safety protocols and
standards for home energy systems.
Designing cost-effective solutions
for renewable energy deployment in
households.
 Research Insights
Potential Solutions and Objectives:
Creating modular and scalable renewable
energy systems tailored for home integration.
Incorporating smart technologies for
monitoring, control, and optimization of home
energy usage.
Integrating backup and storage solutions to
enhance reliability and resilience of home
energy systems.
Exploring innovative financing options and
incentives to make renewable energy adoption
affordable for homeowners.
Conclusion:
The insights from the research highlight
the importance of addressing safety,
effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness in
home integration of renewable energy.
By focusing on micro-level integration,
safety standards, and cost-effective
solutions, the aim is to make renewable
energy accessible and practical for
households, contributing towards
sustainable and energy-efficient homes.
 01
MULTIPLE ENERGY SOURCES + WIND ENERGY
BIBLIOGRAPHY Rong, S., Chen, X., Guan, W., et al. (2019). Coordinated dispatching strategy for
wind power consumption. J. Mod. Power Syst. Clean Energy, 7, 1461–1471.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40565-019-0540-7

02
SOLAR POWER + HYDRO
Szmytkowski, J., Niringiyimana, E., WanQuan, S., & Dushimimana, G. (2022).
Feasibility Study of a Hybrid PV/Hydro System for Remote Area Electrification
in Rwanda. Journal of Renewable Energy, 2022, 4030369.
https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/4030369

03
SOLAR POWER+ CHP
Wang, J., et al. (2018). Economic Benefits of Integrating Solar-Powered Heat
Pumps Into a CHP System. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 9(4),
1702-1712. https://doi.org/10.1109/TSTE.2018.2810137

04
MULTIPLE ENERGY SOURCES + WIND ENERGY
Rong, S., Chen, X., Guan, W., et al. (2019). Coordinated dispatching strategy for
wind power consumption. J. Mod. Power Syst. Clean Energy, 7, 1461–1471.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40565-019-0540-7

05
MULTIPLE ENERGY SOURCES + WIND ENERGY
Rong, S., Chen, X., Guan, W., et al. (2019). Coordinated dispatching strategy for
wind power consumption. J. Mod. Power Syst. Clean Energy, 7, 1461–1471.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40565-019-0540-7
 CONCLUSION
Empowering
Homeowners
Integrating renewable energy sources at the
micro-level offers homeowners the
opportunity to take control of their energy
consumption, reduce reliance on traditional
energy sources, and contribute to a
sustainable future.
Prioritizing Safety
and Efficiency
Through the implementation of safety
standards, smart technologies, and reliable
backup solutions, the journey towards
renewable energy integration ensures not
only effectiveness but also safety and
reliability in home energy systems.
Driving
Cost-Effectiveness
By exploring innovative financing options
and scalable solutions, the transition to
renewable energy becomes more accessible
and affordable for households, paving the
way for widespread adoption and long-term
sustainability.
THANK
YOU