1. How do people during the Palaeolithic period produce their arts?

2. Describe the three kingdoms of Egypt and differentiate the different techniques during
these three kingdoms.
3. Explain how art was link to religion during the Egyptian civilization.

Answer:

1. During Palaeolithic period people produced their arts by using all types of stone and also
mammoth ivory, animal bones, and antler out of which they carved small figurines. They
painted on cave walls, using clay ochre’s and iron oxide for yellows and reds, and
manganese oxide and charcoal (burnt wood) for black.
2. The kingdoms of Egypt are the old kingdom, the middle kingdom, and last is the new
kingdom. First Old Kingdom in ancient Egyptian history, the old kingdom is the period
spanning c.2686-2181 BC. It is also known as the “Age of the Pyramids” or the “Age of
Pyramid Builders”, as it compasses the reign of the great pyramid-builders of the Fourth
Dynasty, such as King Sneferu, who perfected the art of pyramid-building, and the kings
Khufu, Khafre and Menkaure, who constructed the pyramids at Giza. The middle
kingdom of Egypt is the period in the history of ancient Egypt following a period of
political division known as the First Intermediate Period The Middle Kingdom lasted
from approximately 2040 to 1782 BCE, stretching from the reunification of Egypt under
the region of Mentuhotep II in the Eleventh Dynasty to the end of the Twelfth Dynasty.
The kings of Eleventh Dynasty ruled from Thebes and the kings of the Twelfth Dynasty
ruled from el-Lisht. Lastly the New Kingdom also referred to as the Egyptian Empire is
the period in ancient Egyptian history between the sixteenth century BC and the
Eleventh century BC, covering the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth dynasties of
Egypt.
3. Ancient Egyptian art was closely tied to their cosmology, their understanding of the
universe. The pharaoh of Egypt was seen as a semi-divine link between people and the
Gods and had an important religious and social role as patron of the arts and
architecture. During the early ages, Egyptian put arts (paintings) on the coffins of a dead
pharaoh to guide them to the afterlife. These paintings/arts were painted there to help
the person in the afterlife. They often describe the person buried passing into the
afterlife. They would show paintings of what a person actually feels in the afterlife. This
is also has the same explanation for the paintings in their pyramid. There art was related
to message/drawings to help deceased. As visible region, art communicates religious
beliefs, customs, and values through iconography and depictions of the human body.
The foundational principle for the interconnections between art and religion is
reciprocity between image making and meaning making as creative correspondence of
humanity and divinity.