The Dobrava Virus

Name-Jyoti Gurung
Subject- Infectious disease
Sub-group -1, 5th course
The Dobrava virus is a zoonotic pathogen transmitted
by rodents. It belongs to the Hantavirus family and
can cause severe hemorrhagic fever with renal
syndrome in humans. This presentation provides an
in-depth analysis of the dobrava virus, including its
epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and preventive
measures.
The Dobrava virus is classified as an Old World
hantavirus. It is closely related to the Hantaan
virus and the Seoul virus. Understanding its
classification is crucial for studying its genetic
diversity and evolutionary history.
The Dobrava Virus primarily transmitted to humans
through inhalation of aerosolized rodent excreta.
Understanding the transmission dynamics, including
the role of specific rodent species and environmental
factors, is essential for implementing effective control
strategies.
The epidemiology of dobrava virus infection
exhibits geographical variations, with endemic
regions in the Balkan Peninsula and other parts of
Europe. Analyzing epidemiological trends is
crucial for understanding the risk factors and
implementing targeted surveillance and control
measures.
 PATHOGENESIS
The pathogensis involves inhalation of aerosolized
virus particles from rodent excreta, leading to
respiratory infection in humans. Once inhaled, the
virus targets endothelial cells, causing vasular
leakage, and may lead to hantavirus pulmonary
syndromes (HPS) or hemmorrhagic fever with renal
syndrome depending on the strain.
Clinical Manifestations

Infection with the dobrava

virus can lead to severe
hemorrhagic fever with renal
syndrome (HFRS). The
clinical manifestations
include fever, headache,
abdominal pain, and acute
kidney injury. Early
recognition of these
symptoms is critical for
prompt medical
intervention.
 DIAGNOSIS
1. Accurate diagnosis of dobrava virus infection relies
on serological and molecular tests. Enzyme-linked
immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or
immunofluorescence are commonly used to detect
specific antibodies against dobrava virus in the
patient’s blood serum. These test can detect both
IgM( indicating recent infection) and IgG ( indicating
past infection antibodies)
2. Molecular Testing - Polymerases Chain
Reaction (PCR) assay can detect viral RNA
in blood or tissue samples. This method is
particularly useful for early diagnosis and
confirmation of acute infection
Host Immune Response

Understanding the host immune response

to Dobrava virus infection is crucial for
identifying potential targets for
therapeutic interventions. The interplay
between innate and adaptive immunity
plays a pivotal role in determining disease
outcomes.
Preventive Measures
Preventing Dobrava virus infection
requires a multifaceted approach,
including rodent control, personal
protective measures, and public health
education. Implementing preventive
measures is essential for reducing the risk
of zoonotic transmission to humans.
 1. Rodent Control- Seal cracks and openings in buildings to
prevent rodents from entering .
2.Keep food in tightly sealed containers and promptly clean up
spills and crumbs.
3. Regularly remove garbage and debris , as these can attract
rodents.
4. Personal Protective Measures- When cleaning areas where
rodents may have been present wear gloves and a mask to
avoid direct contact with rodent excreta and to prevent
inhalation of potentially contaminated dust.
 5. Environmental Hygiene- Clean and disinfect areas
contaminated with rodent excreta using a bleach solution ( 1
part bleach to 10 parts water)
6. Promote awarness about hanta virus symptoms .
7. Occupational Safety- Workers in occupations with potential
exposure to rodents or their habitats ( such as forestry,
agricultural workers, and pest control professions) should
receive proper training on proper preventive measure and use
of personal equipment.
There is no specific antiviral treatment for Dobrava
virus infection, and management primarily focuses on
supportive care. Research efforts are ongoing to
develop targeted therapies and vaccines to improve
clinical outcomes and reduce mortality rates.
Conclusion

In conclusion, the Dobrava virus poses a

significant public health threat, and in-
depth analysis is essential for
understanding its epidemiology,
pathogenesis, and impact. Collaborative
research and public health efforts are
crucial for mitigating the burden of
Dobrava virus infection and preventing
future outbreaks.
Thank You