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There are eleven major rivers in Bohol fed by hundreds of tributaries emanating from the upland
watersheds. The major river systems include the Wahig-Inabanga River (Inabanga), Ipil River
(Trinidad), Soom River (Ubay), Caru-od River (Candijay), Lumbay River (Anda-Guindulman),
Manaba River (Garcia Hernandez), Loboc River (Loay-Loboc), Panampan River (Dimiao),
Abatan River (Cortes-Maribojoc), Moalong River (Loon) and Alejawan River (Duero). Bohol
has three major watersheds, all of which have been declared as protected areas under the
National Integrated Protected Area System (NIPAS). These are the Wahig-Inabanga
Watershed, Loboc Watershed and Duero Watershed. The Wahig-Inabanga Watershed covers
two watershed projects of the DENR, namely, the Bohol Watershed Reforestation Project
(BWRP) in Dagohoy and Wahig-Pamacsalan Watershed Reforestation Project (WPWRP) in
Pilar. The Wahig-Inabanga Watershed is the largest watershed covering 16 municipalities
and 98 barangays, with a total area of 52,516 hectares. It has a daily discharge rate of about
1.5 million m³ during the rainy season, which gradually decreases to 600,000 m³ at the onset of
the dry months (NRDB, 2000). During the rainy months, surface water easily flows out into the
sea or overflows into the riverbanks. In 1994, the entire Wahig-Inabanga Watershed was
proclaimed as a forest reserve by virtue of Presidential Proclamation No. 468. Slash-and-burn
(‘kaingin’) agriculture causes deforestation, which consequently triggers increased rate of
surface water runoff and soil erosion - Ubay, Bohol. The second largest and first to be
proclaimed (by Pres. Elpidio Quirino) as watershed forest reserve in Bohol (by virtue of
Presidential Proclamation No. 450 dated December 23, 1953) is the Loboc Watershed. It has
an area of 19,410 ha, part of which is a portion of the Rajah Sikatuna National Park (RSNP).
Currently, the forest reserve is a project area of Bohol Alliance of Non-Government
Organizations Foundation, Inc. (BANGON) which has received funding from the Australian
Agency for International Development (AusAID), through the Philippine-Australia Community
Assistance Program (PACAP), for its Loboc River Basin Development and Management
Program - Area Focus Approach (Loboc-AFA). The foundation is developing an integrated
management project in the entire watershed with its partner agencies.
BOHOL HISTORY
Created by virtue of Act 2711 of March 10, 1917, this island province of Bohol is the
tenth largest island in the Philippines. This oval-shaped island has an area of 4,117 sq.
km. and is located in the central portion of the Visayas lying between Cebu to the
northwest and Leyte to the northeast. To its south is the big island of Mindanao which is
separated from Bohol by the wide Mindanao Sea. Aside from the mainland, Bohol has
61 smaller offshore islands and islets. Bohol is about 700 kilometers directly south of
Manila and is about 70 kilometers southeast of Cebu City.
The people of Bohol are said to be descendants of the last group of inhabitants who
settled in the Philippines called Pintados (the tattooed ones). Before the Spaniards
arrived in 1521, Boholanos already had a culture of their own as evidenced by the
artifacts dug at Mansasa, Tagbilaran, and in Dauis and Panglao using designs during the
Ming dynasty (960-1279). They had already a system of writing but most of the
materials used were perishable like leaves and bark. They spoke a language similar to
that of the nearby provinces.
The name Bohol is thought to be derived from the name of the barrio of Bo-ol, a
barangay found in Tagbilaran City which was among the first places toured by the
Magellan expedition. History has it that one of the Spanish ships of Magellan (the
Concepcion) was burned in this province after Magellan was killed by Lapulapu in
Mactan. In 1565 Miguel Lopez de Legazpi anchored in Jagna, one of the eastern
municipalities of Bohol. He made a blood compact with the Chiefs Sikatuna and Sigala
in a small village near the present capital of the province, Tagbilaran City, signifying
they were blood brothers. The province became a Jesuit mission in 1595. At this time,
Bohol was a part of the province of Cebu and was called a residencia. It became a
separate politico-military province on July 22, 1854, together with the island of
province of Siquijor. In 1879, there were 34 towns belonging to the province with a
total population of 253,103.
Two significant revolts were recorded during the Spanish regime. The Tamblot Uprising
in 1621 led by a native priest or Babaylan, and the Dagohoy Rebellion from 1744 to
TYPEthe annals of Philippine history. American forces seized the province in March 17,
1900. Bohol is the home province of the fourth President of the Republic of the
Philippines, Carlos Polistico Garcia (1957-1960) who was born in the municipality of
Talibon.
Provincial Symbols
TYPE SYMBOL
SAN ISIDRO
The interior town of San Isidro was once a part of Antequera and was once called
Macapagao because a person living there had a very harsh voice. People coming from
this placed referred to it as Macapagao.
Later the place was called Agbunan after a plant called 'bugang' which bears white
flowers and which spreads or scatters (agbun) into the air when the wind blows.
When Catigbian was made a town during the Spanish regime, Agbun was one of the
barrios of the newly created town. Favorable climate and fertile soil lured people to
come to Agbunan and settled there. They were able to construct a chapel in honor of
St. Isidore, the patron saint of farmers.
During the Philippine-American war Catigbian was destroyed and its barrios were ceded
to neighboring municipalities. Agbunan was back to Antequera. When Catigbian was
restored Agbunan again became a part of Catigbian. Agbunan or San Isidro was one of
the big barangays of Catigbian.
Inspired by its rapid growth and development they began to nourish the dream of
making their barrio into a town. Their dream was realized when on June 21, 1969 Pres.
Ferdinand Marcos signed into law RA 5662 which established San Isidro as one of the
towns of the province of Bohol.
San Isidro celebrate its town fiesta on the 15th of May in honor of Saint Isidore the
Farmer
Dapitan Kingdom
Dauis Kingdom
Biskwit of taloto
Festivals and Fiesta’s in different town