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Project Structure
and Commercial
Operations

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 Project Structure and Commercial
Operations
CASA-1000 is designed to facilitate electricity trade between the four participating CASA
countries by developing transmission infrastructure as well as the commercial and
institutional arrangements required to conduct this trade. The Project will support continuing
development of the Central Asia Regional Electricity Market (CASAREM).

CASA-1000 is structured as a contractual joint venture among the national transmission

companies of the participating CASA-1000 countries. On April 24, 2015, in Istanbul, the
Governments of the CASA-1000 countries agreed to a suite of legal documents called the
“Core Project Agreements” (CPAs) that provide the commercial and legal structure for the
Project and include the Master Agreement, Qve foundation power purchase agreements
(PPAs), government guarantees, a coordination agreement (between Kyrgyzstan and
Tajikistan), and host government agreements. In addition, the CPAs include an Account Bank
Agreement, to be entered into with an Account Bank handling the CASA-1000 Uow of funds
and an Operations and Maintenance Agreement associated with the DC Operator for the
System.

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 Establishing Safe Operation for the
CASA-1000 System
To implement a project of this size and scale across the energy systems of four countries
requires the efforts of many different types of engineers, policy makers and Qnancial experts.
Critical to all these efforts is instituting a safe operating system to trade power on this
system. This requires establishing a set of rules to govern operations, known as the CASA-
1000 HVDC (High Voltage, Direct Current) Technical Code. The CASA-1000 Technical Code
Working Group (TCWG), in cooperation with the CASA-1000 Joint Working Group and six
participating power companies, worked on these rules, developing a set of common operating
standards designed to safely operate the CASA-1000 transmission system across six different
power companies. These technical documents outline the common operating principles and
procedures that CASA-1000 countries will use in managing the operations of the High Voltage,
Direct Current CASA-1000 Facilities.

Key elements of the TC include:

The technical rules for operation of the HVDC system

Comprehensive rules for coordinating the actions of the four national transmission
systems to support the new HVDC System Operator in real-time
A framework for an integrated digital “Awareness System” that will be procured and
installed by the four countries to share in real time (over a dedicated Qber optic
network) information to securely and reliably integrate the HVDC system into country
operations
A comprehensive cyber security plan.

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 Trading Power
The CASA-1000 system will make possible a major new source of revenue for the national
economies of Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. This will be accomplished through establishing rules
and policies to support a transparent regional electricity market for the sale of power. As part
of CASA-1000 Core Project Agreements, there are Qve foundational power purchase
agreements governing electricity sales between Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan and
Pakistan over a Qfteen-year period.

Once in operation, Kyrgyzstan is expected to export about 1 500 GWh of electricity and
Tajikistan about 3 000 GWh of electricity each year to South Asia. Afghanistan is also
expected to earn money from transit fees and will purchase up to 300MW of electricity, while
Pakistan will purchase the bulk of the exports. This will provide Afghanistan and Pakistan with
new sources of low-cost electricity.

Open access will be applicable during the non-supply period for maximum utilization of the
CASA-1000 transmission system, to promote electricity trade and potential for using spare
transmission capacity during the winter months, as envisaged under the Central Asia South
Asia Regional Electricity market.

DC Operator
The DC Operator is critical to the commercial and technical operations of the CASA-1000
transmission system.

The main functions and tasks of the DC Operator can be grouped into four categories:
Physical operation, Operational coordination, Maintenance, and Market operation. The main

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 tasks for each category are listed in the Qgure below along with when these tasks are
performed—before commercial operations, at the start of commercial operations in real time
and during operations.

Figure 1 – Interconnected Power System Operations Processes and Typical Outputs

Once the DC Operator is appointed, it will be expected to carry out responsibilities of the DC
Facilities in accordance with the terms of the Operation and Maintenance Agreement. This will
also allow the Parties to this Agreement to safely regulate their systems in relation to the DC
Operator.

Some of the functions of the DCO include:

Calculation of the Available Transfer Capacity to exchange electricity on the DC

Facilities without violating security limits in any portion of the NTCs’ national electricity
transmission systems;
DeQning the Planned Work Statement to perform regular maintenance of the DC
Facilities within the operational limits of the HVDC technology and coordinate the
maintenance of the CASA–1000 Transmission System with the other NTCs;
Cooperation with the NTCs during emergency and system restoration procedures
involving the DC Facilities;
Execution of dispatch instructions provided by the NTCs according to the Technical
Code (TC);
Operation of the DC Facilities according to the technical speciQcations of the
manufacturer (Hitachi Energy) and based on the operation of the market and the
dispatching instructions;
Administrative tasks in terms of managing the Electronic Bulletin Board (EBB), keeping
track of the statistics regarding the utilization of the DC Facilities, organizing and
providing trainers and training courses for its own and NTC personnel.

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