Taller 2 Análisis Numérico.

Juan Pablo Quiroga Silva

Newton-Raphson.

f ( xi )
x i+1=x i−
f ' ( xi )

1). Determinar la raíz real más grande.

3 2
f ( x )=2 x −11.7 x +17.7 x−5 , x 0=3 x R =3.563
' 2
f ( x )=6 x −23.4 x +17.7
f ( 3 )=−3.2 (−3.2 )
'
→ x 1=3− =5.1333
f ( 3 )=1.5 ( 1.5 )

f ( 5.1333 )=48.0882 48.0882

'
→ x 2=5.1333− =4.2697
f ( 5.1333 ) =55.6853 55.6853

f ( 4.2697 )=12.9548 12.9548

'
→ x3 =4.2697− =3.7929
f ( 4.2697 )=27.1710 27.1710

f ( 3.7929 )=2.9470 2.9470

'
→ x 4 =3.7929− =3.5998
f ( 3.7929 ) =15.2626 15.2626

f ( 3.5998 )=0.3977 0.3977

'
→ x 5=3.5998− =3.5643
f ( 3.5998 ) =11.2160 11.2160

f ( 3.5643 ) =0.0119 0.0119

'
→ x 6=3.5643− =3.5631
f ( 3.5643 ) =10.5207 10.5207
2
2). −x + 1.8 x +2.5 , x 0=5 x R =2.719

f ( 5 )=−13.5 (−13.5 )
'
→ x 1=5− =3.3536
f ( 5 )=−8.2 (−8.2 )

f ( 3.3536 ) =−2.7101 (−2.7101 )

'
→ x2=3.3536− =2.8013
f ( 3.3536 )=−4.9072 (−4.9072 )

f ( 2.8013 )=−0.3049 (−0.3049 )

'
→ x 3=2.8013− =2.7211
f ( 2.8013 ) =−3.8026 (−3.8026 )

f ( 2.7211 )=−0.0064 (−0.0064 )

'
→ x 4 =2.7211− =2.7193
f ( 2.7211 )=−3.6422 (−3.6422 )

3 2 a+b
3). 0 , 5 x −4 x +5.5 x−1 , a=4.52 b=4.54 x 0= =4.53 x R =6.305
2
f ( 4.53 )=−11.6887 (−11.6887 )
'
→ x 1=4.53− =286.5251
f ( 4.53 )=0.04145 0.04145
Taller 2 Análisis Numérico. Juan Pablo Quiroga Silva

f ( 286.5251 )=11434561.3362 f ( 286.5251 )

'
→ x 2=286.5251− ' =191.9137
f ( 286.5251 ) =120858.2485 f ( 286.5251 )

f ( 191.9137 )=3387095.1521 f ( 191.9137 )

'
→ x 3=191.9137− ' =128.8586
f (191.9137 )=53716.4927 f ( 191.9137 )

f ( 128.8586 )=1004108.3784 f ( 128.8586 )

'
→ x 4=128.8586− ' =86.8130
f ( 128.8586 )=23881.4393 f ( 128.8586 )

f ( 86.813 )=297463.4390 f ( 86.813 )

'
→ x5 =86.813− ' =58.7920
f ( 86.813 )=10615.7414 f ( 86.813 )

f ( 58.792 ) =88103.6113 f (58.792 )

'
→ x6 =58.792− ' =40.1256
f ( 58.792 ) =4719.9128 f ( 58.792 )

f ( 40.1256 )=26081.8232 f ( 40.1256 )

'
→ x 7=40.1256− ' =27.7032
f ( 40.1256 )=2099.5908 f ( 40.1256 )

f ( 27.7032 )=7712.1483 f ( 27.7032 )

'
→ x 8=27.7032− ' =19.4555
f ( 27.7032 )=935.07533 f ( 27.7032 )

f ( 19.4555 )=2274.0530 f ( 19.4555 )

'
→ x 9=19.4555− ' =14.0103
f (19.4555 )=417.6307 f ( 19.4555 )

f ( 14.0103 )=665.9330 f ( 14.0103 )

'
→ x 10=14.0103− ' =10.4652
f ( 14.0103 ) =187.8503 f ( 14.0103 )

f ( 10.4652 ) =191.5534 f (10.4652 )

'
→ x 11 =10.4652− ' =8.2393
f ( 10.4652 )=86.0590 f ( 10.4652 )

f ( 8.2393 ) =52.4387 f ( 8.2393 )

'
→ x 12=8.2393− ' =6.9731
f ( 8.2393 )=41.4146 f ( 8.2393 )

f ( 6.9731 )=12.3859 f ( 6.9731 )

'
→ x 13 =6.9731− ' =6.4262
f ( 6.9731 )=22.6513 f ( 6.9731 )

f ( 6.4262 )=1.8482 f ( 6.4262 )

'
→ x 14 =6.4262− ' =6.3110
f ( 6.4262 )=16.0344 f ( 6.4262 )

f ( 6.311 ) =0.0751 f ( 6.311 )

'
→ x 15 =6.311− ' =6.3059
f ( 6.311 )=14.7550 f ( 6.311 )
3 2
4). x −13 x −12 , x 0=3 x R=13.070

f ( 3 )=−102 (−102 )
'
→ x 1=3− =1
f ( 3 )=−51 (−51 )
Taller 2 Análisis Numérico. Juan Pablo Quiroga Silva

f (1 )=−24 (−24 )
'
→ x 2=1− =−0.0434
f ( 1 )=−23 (−23 )

f (−0.0434 )=−12.0245 (−12.0245 )

'
→ x 3=−0.0434− =10.5602
f (−0.0434 )=1.1340 1.1340

f ( 10.5602 ) =−284.0811 (−284.0811 )

'
→ x 4 =10.5602− =15.2958
f (10.5602 )=59.9882 59.9882

f ( 15.2958 )=525.1288 525.1288

'
→ x 5=15.2958− =13.5695
f ( 15.2958 ) =304.1936 304.1936

f (13.5695 )=92.8627 92.8627

'
→ x 6=13.5695− =13.1042
f ( 13.5695 )=199.5869 199.5869

f ( 13.1042 )=5.8932 92.8627

'
→ x 7=13.1042− =13.070
f ( 13.1042 )=174.4509 199.5869

Falsa posición.

x i f ( x d )−x d f (x i)
x m=
f ( x d ) −f ( x i )

1). Determinar la raíz real.

7
7 2
x 3.5=80 → ln x 2 =ln 80 → ln x=ln80 → ln x= ln 80
2 7
2 2

→ x= √ 80 2
7 ln x ln 80 7 7
ln x=ln 80 → e =e
x i=3 x d=4 x R =3.49 7

f ( 3 )=−33.2346 ( 3 ) f ( 4 ) −( 4 ) f (3)
→ x1= =3.4091
f ( 4 )=48 f ( 4 )−f (3)

( 3.4091 ) f ( 4 )−( 4 ) f (3.4091)

f ( 3.4091 ) =−6.8458 → x 2= =3.4 828
f ( 4 )−f (3.4091)

(3.4828 ) f ( 4 )−4 f (3.4828)

f ( 3.4828 )=−1.1594 → x 3= =3.4 949
f ( 4 )−f (3.4828)

( 3.4949 ) f ( 4 )−( 4 ) f (3.4949)

f ( 3.4949 )=−0.196 5 → x 4= =3.49 69
f ( 4 ) −f (3.4949)

( 3.4969 ) f ( 4 ) −( 4 ) f (3.4969)
f ( 3.49 6 9 )=−0. 0366 → x 5 = =3.49 72
f ( 4 )−f (3.49 6 9)
Taller 2 Análisis Numérico. Juan Pablo Quiroga Silva

2). Encuentre la raíz positiva.

4 3 2
x −8 x −35 x + 450 x−1001 , x i=4.5 x d =6 x R =5.609

f ( 4.5 )=−3.6875 ( 4.5 ) f ( 6 )−( 6 ) f (4.5)

→ x 1= =5.017 5
f ( 6 )=7 f ( 6 )−f (4.5)

( 5.0175 ) f ( 6 )−( 6 ) f (5.0175)

f ( 5.0175 )=−1.0014 → x 2= =5.140 4
f ( 6 )−f (5.0175)

( 5.0175 ) f ( 6 )−( 6 ) f (5.0175)

f ( 5.0175 )=−1.0 649 → x 3= =5. 2539
f ( 6 )−f (5.0175)

( 5.2539 ) f ( 6 )−( 6 ) f (5.2539)

f ( 5.2539 )=−1. 1217 → x 4 = =5.3569
f ( 6 )−f (5.2539)

( 5.3569 ) f ( 6 )− ( 6 ) f ( 5.3569 )
f ( 5.3569 )=−1. 0751→ x 5= =5.442 5
f ( 6 ) −f ( 5.3569 )
( 5. 4425 ) f ( 6 )−( 6 ) f ( 5.4425 )
f ( 5.4425 )=−0.9009 → x 6 = =5.5060
f ( 6 )−f ( 5.4425 )
( 5.5060 ) f ( 6 )−( 6 ) f ( 5.5060 )
f ( 5.5060 )=−0. 6599 → x 7= =5.5485
f ( 6 )−f ( 5.5060 )
(5.5485 ) f ( 6 )−( 6 ) f ( 5.5485 )
f ( 5.5485 )=−0. 4335 → x 8= =5.5 748
f ( 6 )−f ( 5.5485 )
( 5.5748 ) f ( 6 )−( 6 ) f ( 5.5748 )
f ( 5.5748 )=−0. 2638 → x 9= =5.5 902
f ( 6 )−f ( 5.5748 )
( 5.5902 ) f ( 6 )−( 6 ) f ( 5.5902 )
f ( 5.5902 ) =−0. 1532→ x 10= =5.59 89
f ( 6 )−f (5.5902 )
( 5.5989 ) f ( 6 )−( 6 ) f (5.5989 )
f ( 5.59 89 )=−0. 0869 → x 11= =5.6038
f (6 )−f (5.5989 )
(5.6038 ) f ( 6 )− ( 6 ) f ( 5.6038 )
f ( 5.6038 )=−0.0 4 83 → x 12= =5.60 65
f ( 6 ) −f ( 5.6038 )
( 5.60 65 ) f ( 6 )−( 6 ) f ( 5.60 65 )
f ( 5.60 65 )=−0.0 267 → x 13= =5.60 79
f ( 6 )−f ( 5.60 65 )
( 5.60 79 ) f ( 6 )−( 6 ) f ( 5.60 79 )
f ( 5.60 79 ) =−0.0 154 → x 14 = =5.6079
f ( 6 )−f (5.60 79 )
( 5.6079 ) f (6 )−( 6 ) f ( 5.6079 )
f ( 5.6079 )=−0.0154 → x 15= =5.60 87
f ( 6 )−f ( 5.6079 )
Taller 2 Análisis Numérico. Juan Pablo Quiroga Silva

( 5.60 87 ) f ( 6 )−( 6 ) f ( 5.60 87 )

f ( 5.60 87 )=−0.0 089 → x16 = =5.60 91
f ( 6 )−f ( 5.60 87 )
Bisección.

x i + xu f ( x r ) f ( x i ) < 0 x r → xu
x r=
2 f ( x r ) f ( x i ) > 0 x r → xi

1). Determinar la raíz real.

2 ln x 0.3 5 0.35
ln x =0.7 → 2 ln x=0.7 → ln x=0.35 → e =e → x=e
x i=0.5 x u=2 x R =1.419

f ( 0.5 )=−2.0862 0.5+2

→ x 1= =1.25
f ( 2 )=0.6862 2

f ( 1. 25 ) =−0.2537 1.25+2
→ x 2= =1. 625
f ( 1.25 ) f ( 0.5 ) > 0 2

f ( 1. 6 25 )=0.2 710 1.25+1.625

→ x 3= =1. 4375
f ( 1.625 ) f (1. 25 ) < 0 2

f ( 1.4375 )=0.0 258 1.25+ 1.4375

→ x4= =1.3437
f ( 1.4375 ) f (1.25 )< 0 2

f ( 1.3437 )=−0.109 0 1.3437+ 1.4375

→ x5 = =1.3 906
f ( 1.3437 ) f ( 1.25 )> 0 2

f ( 1.3906 )=−0.04 05 1.3906 +1.4375

→ x6 = =1.41 40
f ( 1.3906 ) f ( 1.3437 ) >0 2

f ( 1.4140 )=−0.0 071 1.4140+1.4375

→ x7= =1.425 7
f ( 1.4140 ) f (1.3906 ) >0 2

f ( 1.4257 )=0.00 93 1.4140+1.4257

→ x8 = =1.4 198
f ( 1.4257 ) f ( 1.4140 ) <0 2

2). Determinar el máximo de la función.

−2 x 6−1.5 x 4 +10 x+ 2→ f ' ( x )=−12 x 5 −6 x3 +10

x i=0 x u=1 x R=0.871
'
f ( 0 ) =10 0+1
'
→ x 1= =0.5
f ( 1 )=−8 2
Taller 2 Análisis Numérico. Juan Pablo Quiroga Silva

f ' ( 0.5 ) =8.875 0.5 +1

→ x 2= =0.75
f ' ( 0.5 ) f ' ( 0 ) >0 2

f ' ( 0. 75 )=4.6210 0.75+1

→ x3 = =0.875
f ' ( 0.75 ) f ' ( 0 .5 ) >0 2
'
f ( 0.875 )=−0.1744 → x = 0.75+0.875 =0.8 125
4
f ' ( 0.875 ) f ' ( 0.75 ) <0 2
'
f ( 0.8125 )=2.5326 → x = 0.8125+0.875 =0.8 437
5
f ' ( 0.8125 ) f ' ( 0.75 ) <0 2
'
f ( 0.8437 )=1.2665 → x = 0.8437+0.875 =0.8 593
6
f ' ( 0.8437 ) f ' ( 0.8125 ) > 0 2
'
f ( 0.8593 )=0.5707 → x = 0.8593+0.875 =0.8671
7
f ' 0.8593 ) f ' ( 0.8437 ) > 0
( 2
'
f ( 0.8671 )=0. 2063 → x = 0.8671+ 0.875 =0.8 710
7
f ' ( 0.8671 ) f ' ( 0.8593 ) >0 2

f ( 0.871 )=8.97 34