Tips by Chemklub India Experts

Interview Questions for

Chemical Engineers
MASS TRANSFER OPERATIONS
Part -1
 DEFINE WET BULB GLOBE
TEMPERATURE.
You can use wet bulb globe temperature to assess the
combined impact of temperature, humidity and radiation on
human thermal comfort and heat stress in industrial
environments. It takes into account three main parameters,
namely the wet bulb temperature, the dry bulb temperature
and the global temperature. By considering these
components, this measure provides a more accurate indication
of the potential risk of heat-related illnesses for employees in
a production facility such as heat exhaustion or heat stroke.
Ensuring a safe and comfortable working environment can help
maintain productivity, prevent accidents and safeguard the
well-being of employees.

01
WHAT IS ARREHENIUS EQUATION AND
WHY IT IS USED?
Swedish chemist Svante Arrhenius gave the Arrhenius
equation. Until 1899, it was not clear why the rate of reaction
doubled for a 10-degree rise in most of the chemical reactions.
After the Arrhenius equation is discovered, the problem is
solved as it explains the relation between the temperature and
rate of reaction.
k=Ae−Ea/RT
where k represents the kinetic reaction rate
Ea is the activation energy
R represents the universal gas constant and
T is the absolute temperature.
After solving the above equation, it gives another useful
equation, which is:
ln(k)=ln(ko)−Ea/RT

02
 WHY DISTILLATION? WHY NOT
ADSORBPTION OR LEACHING ?
In distillation the new phase generated is different from the
original by phase, or heat content only. This heat can be
removed or added by easy operations. But in case of
adsorption or leaching the a foreign substance is introduced to
separate the phases. The new phase generated using these
processes is a new solution which in turn may be separated
using other separation methods unless the new solution is
directly useful. This makes the distillation process to more
economical.
Distillation process depends on the relative volatilities of the
components. If the difference is too low separation is difficult
and it makes the process as more expensive.

03
WHAT IS THE DRIVING FORCE FOR MASS
TRANSFER OPERATIONS?

Driving force for mass transfer operations is "chemical

potential".

If we say driving force as concentration it is wrong because it

is one of the effect of mass transfer and it is not a cause.

04
 WHAT IS GIBBS FREE ENERGY?
Gibbs energy was given by Josiah Williard Gibbs, after which
the name was given. Gibbs free energy, which is denoted by
the symbol G, is equal to the addition of enthalpy and the
product of temperature and entropy of the system. ΔG
represents the change in Gibbs free energy. If the parameter,
i.e., temperature and pressure, are constant, then the Gibbs
energy equation can predict the chemical reaction's direction.
It tells about the amount of energy that can be used to do
work in a chemical reaction.
G=H−TS or ΔG=ΔH-Δ(TS)
Where G represent the Gibbs Energy
H is enthalpy
T is temperature and
S is entropy
Gibbs free energy has the same unit as energy, i.e., joule or
kilojoules.

05
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