St.

Paul University Philippines

Tuguegarao City, Cagayan 3500
School of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences
COLLEGE OF NURSING
Center of Excellence in Nursing
PAASCU LEVEL IV Accredited
First Semester | AY. 2023 – 2024

I. DRUG STUDY

Generic Name of Drug: Losartan

Drug Classification: Antioxidants

Drug Action/s: Ascorbic Acid, commonly known as Vitamin C, is an essential water-soluble
vitamin. It acts as a co-factor for various enzymes involved in collagen synthesis,
neurotransmitter synthesis, and tyrosine metabolism. It also acts as a potent antioxidant,
scavenging free radicals and protecting cells from oxidative damage.

Dose, frequency and route of administer (Doctor’s order):

500mg, OD, Oral

Indication/s (reason/s) for administering the medication to patient:

Ascorbic Acid is used to prevent or treat vitamin C deficiency. It is also used as a dietary
supplement to support the immune system, improve wound healing, and enhance the
absorption of nonheme iron from plant-based foods. Additionally, it is sometimes used as an
adjunct therapy in certain medical conditions, such as iron deficiency or anemia.

Two (2) most common side-effects of the Two (2) most common adverse effects of
medication the medication

1. Nausea 1. Heartburn
2. Diarrhea 2. Decreased urination

List three (3) important nursing responsibilities you have to consider when administering the
medication:

1. Before administering the medication the nurse should verify the prescribed dosage,
route and frequency of ascorbic acid.

2. Checking for any allergic reactions and adverse effects.

3. Administer ascorbic acid as prescribed by the healthcare provider.

List three (3) patient health teaching in relation to the medication:

1. Emphasize the importance of taking the medication.

2. Educate patients about the potential side effects.
3. Instruct patients to seek immediate medical attention if they experience some allergic
reactions.
 St. Paul University Philippines
Tuguegarao City, Cagayan 3500
School of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences
COLLEGE OF NURSING
Center of Excellence in Nursing
PAASCU LEVEL IV Accredited
First Semester | AY. 2023 – 2024

Generic Name of Drug: Metformin

Drug Classification: Biguanides

Drug Action/s: Metformin primarily works by decreasing glucose production in the liver,
reducing intestinal glucose absorption, and improving insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues,
especially muscle cells. It does not stimulate insulin secretion from the pancreas.

Dose, frequency and route of administer (Doctor’s order):

500 mg tab , BID

Indication/s (reason/s) for administering the medication to patient:

Recent research has explored the potential benefits of metformin in individuals with
schizophrenia. While not an approved treatment for schizophrenia itself, metformin may be
considered in patients with schizophrenia who also have comorbid conditions like diabetes or
metabolic syndrome, as it helps manage glucose metabolism and insulin resistance.

Two (2) most common side-effects of the Two (2) most common adverse effects of
medication the medication

1. Nausea 1. Hypoglycemia
2. Vomiting 2. Lactic Acidosis

List three (3) important nursing responsibilities you have to consider when administering the
medication:

1. Regular monitoring of blood glucose levels is essential, especially when metformin is

used in combination with other antidiabetic medications or in patients with diabetes.

2. Before giving the medication, the nurse needs to confirm the prescribed amount,
method of administration, and how often ascorbic acid is to be taken.

3. Educate the patient about the purpose of metformin, proper administration, and the
importance of adherence to the prescribed dosage.

List three (3) patient health teaching in relation to the medication:

1. Advise patients to take metformin with meals to minimize gastrointestinal side effects.
2. Emphasize the importance of adequate fluid intake, as dehydration can increase the risk
of lactic acidosis.
3. Instruct patients to be vigilant for signs of hypoglycemia, especially if metformin is
used in combination with other antidiabetic medications
 St. Paul University Philippines
Tuguegarao City, Cagayan 3500
School of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences
COLLEGE OF NURSING
Center of Excellence in Nursing
PAASCU LEVEL IV Accredited
First Semester | AY. 2023 – 2024

Generic Name of Drug: Vitamin B Complex

Drug Classification: Water-soluble vitamins
Drug Action/s: Help prevent infections and help support or promote: cell health. growth of
red blood cells.
Dose, frequency and route of administer (Doctor’s order):
40 mg tab ODHS
Indication/s (reason/s) for administering the medication to patient:
Individuals with diabetes may be at risk of certain nutrient deficiencies due to factors such as
medication use, dietary restrictions, or malabsorption.
Two (2) most common side-effects of the Two (2) most common adverse effects of
medication the medication

1.Nausea & Vomiting 1.Upset stomach

2.Diarrhea 2.Fatigue
List three (3) important nursing responsibilities you have to consider when administering the
medication:

1. Before administering vitamin B complex or any medication, nurses should conduct a

thorough assessment of the patient's health status. This includes reviewing the patient's
medical history, current medications, allergies, and nutritional status.

2. Provide education to patient about the purpose of the vitamin B complex supplement,
its potential benefits, and any potential side effects or adverse reactions.

3. Administer vitamin B complex supplements as prescribed by the healthcare provider.

List three (3) patient health teaching in relation to the medication:

1. Explain the recommended dosage of the vitamin B complex supplement as prescribed

by the healthcare provider.
2. Instruct the patient on the appropriate time to take the supplement (with or without
food) and whether it should be taken with other medications.
3. Educate the patient about potential side effects of vitamin B complex, such as nausea,
upset stomach, or flushing
 St. Paul University Philippines
Tuguegarao City, Cagayan 3500
School of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences
COLLEGE OF NURSING
Center of Excellence in Nursing
PAASCU LEVEL IV Accredited
First Semester | AY. 2023 – 2024

Generic Name of Drug: Clozapine

Drug Classification: Atypical Antipsychotic

Drug Action/s: The mechanism by which clozapine exerts its effects involves the blocking of
HT2A/ HT2C serotonin receptors and the D1-4 dopamine receptors, with the highest affinity
for the D4 dopamine receptor. Clozapine is a medication that works in the brain to treat
psychotic disorders. It is also known as a second generation antipsychotic (SGA) or atypical
antipsychotic. Clozapine rebalances dopamine and serotonin to improve thinking, mood, and
behavior.
Dose, frequency and route of administer (Doctor’s order):
100 grams, BID, Oral
Indication/s (reason/s) for administering the medication to patient:
Clozapine is used to treat severely ill patients with schizophrenia.It is also used to lower risk of
suicidal behavior in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder.
Two (2) most common side-effects of the Two (2) most common adverse effects of
medication the medication

1.Dizziness 1.Constipation
2.Low blood pressure 2.Dry mouth

List three (3) important nursing responsibilities you have to consider when administering the
medication:
1.Patients should be informed about the importance of adhering to the prescribed dosage and
schedule.

2. Closely monitor the patient for any adverse effects or side effects associated with clozapine.
This may include regular assessments for sedation, orthostatic hypotension, weight gain, and
metabolic changes.

3. Provide detailed education to the patient and their caregivers about the medication,
including its purpose, potential side effects, and the importance of adherence to the prescribed
regimen.
List three (3) patient health teaching in relation to the medication:

1. Explain that clozapine is an antipsychotic medication used to treat symptoms of

schizophrenia.
2. Educate the patient about common side effects such as sedation, weight gain, and
metabolic changes.
3. Discuss how it works to balance neurotransmitters in the brain, helping to alleviate
symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking.