Matrix 1

Republic of the Philippines
CENTRAL BICOL STATE UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE

San Jose, Pili, Camarines Sur 4418
Website: www.cbsua.edu.ph
Email Address: op@cbsua.edu.ph
Trunkline: (054) 871-5531-33 local 101
AUTHO YE GAPS
TITLE OBJECTIVES ABSTRACT
R AR Commonalities Differences Target
1. Transformat 1. Ensure that the Sharma, 2022 Aside from improving 1. Technology 1. Rural areas 1. Improving
ion of rural youth and women Rahul women's and youth's can bridge the may have agricultural
areas living in rural livelihoods and information limited access productivity
through the areas have access options, digitalization gap by to electricity, is a common
use of to high-quality can contribute to the providing internet, and target, as
technology: information and development of an access to other basic agriculture is
opportunitie education via inclusive future for educational infrastructure, often a
s for women online courses, smallholder farmers resources, which can primary
and youth libraries, and around the globe. market prices, hinder the source of
educational apps, Using this technology, weather adoption of income in
among other the agri-food sector forecasts and certain rural areas.
technological and rural areas can be healthcare technologies. 2. Access to
resources. galvanized to become information. 2. Rural areas healthcare
2. Promote more productive and 2. Technology may lack the services is a
entrepreneurship sustainable. During can improve economic critical
and economic research, rural agricultural resources target, as
empowerment development has been productivity needed to rural areas
among women conceptualized in a through invest in often lack
and youth by variety of ways by precision expensive healthcare
providing access researchers, ranging farming, soil technologies. facilities.
to digital from a set of goals and testing and 3. Cultural beliefs 3. Improving
platforms for programs to a well- crop and practices educational
marketing, e- integrated strategy, monitoring. may influence opportunities
approach, or even an the adoption is important
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commerce, and ideology in some 3. Technologies and use of for the

financial services. cases. As far as the like mobile technology I overall
3. To increase scope and content of banking, solar rural areas. development
access to the relevant literature power and 4. The of rural
healthcare are concerned, there is internet geographical areas.
services and a lack of clarity. In connectivity context can 4. Goals for the
information by addition, there are no can improve also influence application
utilizing clearly defined infrastructure the strategies of
telemedicine, analytical boundaries in rural areas. used. For technology-
health apps, and within literature. 4. E-learning example, in driven
digital health Several occasions platforms can remote or solutions in
records. have been called to the provide mountainous rural areas
4. Leveraging attention of the authors educational areas, for
technology to that this may be opportunities technologies healthcare
organize civic considered both a in rural areas that are and
engagement and strength and a where lightweight agriculture,
online advocacy weakness at the same traditional and easy to with a focus
campaigns for time. One of the schools might transport may on
women and cornerstones of the be lacking. be more improving
youth, you can Sustainable suitable. access to
encourage social Development Goals 5. Some rural healthcare
and political (SDGs) is the communities services,
participation. development of may face boosting
5. Improve capacity digitally skilled rural challenges in agricultural
building and skill communities because using digital output, and
development by it allows for the tools due to developing
implementing diversification of language
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digital literacy incomes, and it allows barriers or sustainable

projects, online for the creation of new cultural practices.
training courses, employment differences.
and vocational opportunities and
programs that are business opportunities
suited to the for future generations,
needs of rural both on and off the
women and farm, as well as
youth. allowing for the
6. Sustainable development of these
strategies for skills. Due to the
managing increasing demand for
resources, energy, safe and nutritious
and agriculture food, digital
through the use of technologies are
technology for particularly well suited
environmental to help the world's
monitoring in agrifood systems meet
rural regions, this growing demand,
precision while also contributing
farming, and to high-quality
renewable energy productivity growth
sources. and economic
7. Enhance the inclusion of
development of marginalized groups in
infrastructure by the economy, as well
utilizing
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technology to as better managing

enable smart natural resources.
grids, digital
connection, and
remote
monitoring of
vital services
such as sanitation
and water
delivery in rural
regions.
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2. Technology 1. Improving Fernando 2016 There is no guaranteed

transfer agricultural O. Paras procedure to ensure
strategies productivity, Jr. and the transfer of any
for small enhancing Rossana technology because of
farm farmer’s Marie C. the variability of
mechanizati livelihoods, and Amongo situations and
on promoting conditions
technologie sustainable surrounding
s in the agricultural popularization and
Philippines practices. extension of
2. To reduce labor technology. Some
intensity of important initial
farming activities. considerations in
By introducing mechanization
mechanization technology
technologies, dissemination are
farmers can save careful assessment in
time and labor identifying
allowing them to mechanization needs
focus on other and prescribing the
aspects of their appropriate machinery
livelihoods or to or set of machinery.
engage in off- Equally essential is the
farm activities. approach on how we
attempt to have our
farmers ‘adopt or
adapt’ the technology
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we offer. This paper

presents some
problems and
experiences associated
with the extension of
such technologies.
Also, the strategies
and other possible
approaches, which
could aid in
penetrating the
barriers toward small
farm mechanization in
the Philippines, are
discussed.
3. The roles of 1. To look into how Akpan, e. 2010 Entrepreneurship is an
information many Nigerian Ebenezer n important educational
and students are now , ph.d, innovation that
communicat using ICT in fcicn, ap, provides impetus to
ion higher education. ppgdca, learning.
technology 2. To evaluate phdcdp Entrepreneurship
(ict) in Nigerian students' education has been
entrepreneu tertiary institution Owens, recognized as an
rial desires and c. Prince, important aspect of the
developmen entrepreneurial ph.d education system.
t of the skills. Information and
nigerian communication
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students in 3. To determine technology have been

tertiary which ICT `seen as a useful tool
institutions platforms and for effective
tools are preparation of students
specifically for skill development
utilized by and future
Nigerian students employment.
for However,
entrepreneurial entrepreneurship
endeavors. education has been
4. To investigate the hampered by the
obstacles following: lack of
Nigerian students funding, inadequate
encounter while equipment and
attempting to use technology, and
ICT for the economic pressure
growth of from parents, etc.
entrepreneurship Moreover, the benefits
5. to evaluate how of entrepreneurial
ICT training education are
programs affect observed to be
Nigerian students' enormous, compared
entrepreneurial to the challenges faced
mindset and by the institutions.
aptitude. Based on the findings
6. To investigate of the study, it could
possible methods be concluded that ICT
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for improving can be used to enhance

ICT integration entrepreneurship
into education via the
entrepreneurship following: e-
education in advertising and e-
Nigerian higher marketing. There are
education also challenges faced
institutions. by the institutions in
7. To give their quest for the
suggestions on entrepreneurial
how development of the
policymakers, students. Besides,
educators, and there is significant
stakeholders relationship between
might use ICT to availability of ICT
support the equipment and
development of entrepreneurial
entrepreneurial development of
skills among students of the
Nigerian students institutions of higher
attending higher learning in Nigeria.
education Finally, the utilization
institutions. of ICT equipment has
significant
relationship with
entrepreneurial
development of
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students of the
institutions of higher
learning in Nigeria.
One of the
recommendations
made in this paper was
that the government
should provide
substantial funds for
teaching in practical
terms with the needed
equipment, while the
management of
various colleges and
other external
agencies in Nigeria
should ensure students
are given enough
exposure to
entrepreneurship
development.
4. The role of 1. To look at how Mark 2023 Local participation is

local far along rural Chris essential in rural
community tourism has come M. Lapu tourism development
empowerme in the Philippines z in the Philippines.
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nt in the and how much of However, as

digital these areas have technology becomes a
transformati gone digital. critical factor in the
on of rural 2. To determine digital transformation
tourism whether digital of the rural tourism
developmen platforms and paradigm, local
t in the technologies are participation evolves
Philippines specifically being into local community
used in the empowerment. How
Philippines to does this local
develop rural community
tourism. empowerment affect
3. To explore the the transition through
challenges faced digital transformation?
by local The stakeholder
communities in engagement theory
adopting and was utilized to ensure
integrating digital the relevance of the
technologies into selected informants'
rural tourism roles and
initiatives. responsibilities in the
4. To analyze the local community
impact of empowerment
digitalization on process. Using a
the sustainability purposive sample of
and inclusivity of local tourism
rural tourism stakeholders engaged
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development in in the digital

the Philippines. transformation
functions and
responsibilities, a
semi-structured
interview was
conducted to describe
the role of local
community
empowerment towards
a more effective digital
transformation of rural
tourism development.
The findings revealed
that as residents
engage in the digital
transformation
process, residents are
empowered based on
individual, gender,
political, and social
aspects. Individual
empowerment
constitutes the
improvement of
technical capabilities
and setting higher
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goals, while gender

empowerment leads to
gender equality
specialization and
breaking the glass
ceiling. Political
empowerment was
attained through the
boosting of their
influence and the
taking of a decision-
maker role. In
contrast, social
empowerment promot
es building industry
networks and
implementing a
family-centric
approach. This study
contributes to the
academic landscape on
rural tourism
development that
determined specific
factors of community
empowerment
essential in the digital
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transformation
of tourism
management processe
s.
5. Usage of 1. Development of Dr. 2015 This is a research
Technology technologies in Radhika paper, in which the
in Rural rural areas Kapur researcher has made an
Developme 2. Benefits of attempt to underscore
nt Application the utilization and
technology in benefits of technology
rural areas for the development of
3. Bring out rural areas.
information Technology in today’s
regarding how the world has become
technological imperative in all areas
progress is whether they are
becoming useful healthcare, medical,
in the education,
development of transportation,
rural areas. tourism, industry,
business,
management,
administration,
banking or rural
development.
Technology mainly is
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concerned with the

usage of computers
and software
applications. It has
several meanings such
as machinery,
equipment, tools,
skills, knowledge and
expertise. For the
development of rural
areas, the utilization of
technology has been
done on an extensive
scale and there has
been expansion and
progress in the field of
agriculture because of
effective
implementation of
technology. The main
areas that have been
highlighted in this
research paper are,
objectives of
development of
technologies in rural
areas, benefits of
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application of
technology in rural
areas, areas of
application of
technology, the role of
information and
communications
technologies in rural
development,
challenges faced by
rural areas and ways of
connecting energy
access and rural
development. The
main purpose of this
paper is to bring out
information regarding
how technological
progress is becoming
useful for the
development of rural
areas. The rural
development in India
is extremely vital for
the development of the
country, this point has
been largely
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acknowledged, the
reason being that over
70% of the population
of India resides in rural
areas, and therefore,
the rural development
would effectively lead
to the development of
the country.
6. Bridging 1. Enhance Rodmyr 2023 The important role of
and awareness and F. bonding and bridging
bonding understanding Datoon, social capital in
social among Jose V. technology adoption
capital for community Camacho has been well
sustainable members about Jr., documented. This
technology the benefits and Aileen holds true in the
adoption, importance of V. dissemination of soil
the sustainable Lapitan, conservation
Landcare technology Jeanarah technologies in the
program in adoption in M. town of Claveria under
the resource addressing local Gapas the Landcare program.
poor rural environmental Past studies
town of and socio- unanimously attribute
Claveria, economic high adoption rates to
Philippines challenges. the formation of
2. Foster trust and farmer Landcare
collaboration groups, which is a
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among various form of bonding social

stakeholders, capital, and to the
including farmers, provision of human
local government and physical resources
units, NGOs, through external
academia, and networks, a form of
private sector bridging social capital.
entities, to After more than 20
collectively work years since the project
towards the ended in the town, this
successful study unpacks this
adoption and relationship and
implementation of illustrates how the two
sustainable types of social capital
technologies. are complementary for
3. Develop sustained technology
strategies to adoption. Data from
ensure the household surveys,
sustainability and focus group
scalability of the discussions, and key
Landcare informant interviews
program, illustrate that the
including training and physical
securing funding resources provided
sources, building through external
local institutional organizations and
capacity, and partnerships greatly
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integrating contributed to program

lessons learned participation and high
into future adoption rates of
initiatives. technologies. When
such external
organizations left the
town, adoption rates
fell, and some farmers
reverted to their
traditional farm
practices. These
findings contribute to
the debate on the
complementation of
the two types of social
capital in sustaining
adoption as well as
illustrate how the two
types relate to each
other for sustainable
rural development
programs.
7. Unlocking 1. Illustrates how Neeraj 2023 Due to urban-centric
the digital platforms Singh, development
potential of can help Avinash paradigms, actors in
knowledge overcome Kumar, the rural business
economy ecosystem and related
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for rural challenges faced Kushank interaction spaces

resilience: in rural K.E. ur Dey have become adrift,
The role of 2. Stimulate resulting in the
digital economic fragility of the rural
platforms opportunities in knowledge economy
rural areas (K. E.) and rural
through digital decline. Diverse
platforms. This organizations,
involves including not-for-
connecting rural profits, civil societies,
producers to private agencies, and
broader markets, cooperatives, have
facilitating e- taken cognizance of
commerce and this significant issue
online sales and have promoted
platforms, and platform-based
supporting rural enterprises. While the
entrepreneurship literature emphasizes
and innovation. the role of digital
platforms in
strengthening rural
resilience, it does not
elaborate on the
underlying
mechanism.
Consequently, the
relationship between
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the K. E. spaces
topologically mapped
on the platform,
contributing to
increased actor
interaction and rural
resilience, remains
underexplored. This
motivates us to pose a
fundamental question:
Can digital platforms
operating in rural areas
function as K.E.
spaces and foster actor
interactions to
strengthen rural
resilience?
Theoretically
grounded in network
externality theory, the
triple-helix model, and
the Resilience
Assessment
Benchmarking and
Impact Toolkit
framework, this study
adopts a multiple case
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study approach
utilizing literature
synthesis, archival
sources, and primary
data from key
informants of selected
platform organizations
operational in rural
areas. The findings
show that K. E. spaces
enrich the rural
knowledge economy
by onboarding missing
actors and augmenting
proximity. This leads
to increased actor
interactions and
enhanced rural
resilience. This study
proposes an emergent
framework expositing
a nexus between
digital platforms, K. E.
spaces, and rural
resilience attributes
and contributes to the
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growing body of rural

resilience literature.
8. A literature 1. To identify and Kine 2022 This literature review

review of categorize the Jakobsen examines empirical
smart various domains , Marius research on smart
technology of smart Mikalsen technologies in eight
domains technology that , Grethe domains and seeks to
with have been studied Lilleng a analyze implications
implications extensively. for smart rural
for research 2. To Investigate communities’
on smart how smart research. The
rural technologies have development and
communitie been applied in implementation of
s urban settings and smart technologies has
examine the the potential to
lessons learned improve various
from these aspects of life in rural
applications. areas, including
3. Analyze the healthcare, mobility,
unique challenges and governance.
and opportunities However, the adoption
associated with of these technologies
implementing also raises important
smart questions about their
technologies in relation to
rural areas. communities. The
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existing literature is
reviewed to examine
the key findings and
knowledge gaps. By
using a sociotechnical
perspective and
considering the
specific characteristics
of rural communities,
the discussion is
focused on how smart
technologies can
contribute to rural
contexts. Further,
policy implications are
considered,
encompassing the
requirement for a
holistic and inclusive
approach to the
implementation of
smart technologies in
rural areas.
Implementation
should address the
specific needs,
challenges, economic
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and infrastructural
conditions, social
structures, and cultural
contexts of the
respective
communities. Future
research and
exploration of smart
community concepts
in rural contexts are
suggested to improve
smart technology
implementation.
9. New energy 1. To provide Feng 2022 Rural economic

industry theoretical Shao development plays an
financial guidance for important role in
technology fintech to boost China’s economic
based on rural development, which
machine revitalization and can not only directly
learning to development drive the development
help rural of the primary
revitalizatio industry, but also
n indirectly drive the
development of
China’s secondary and
tertiary industries.
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With the development

of the times and the
advancement of
science and
technology, the
application of
intelligent technology
in rural areas has
become increasingly
difficult in the context
of social digital
transformation, and
the digital divide in
large rural areas has
widened, the energy
industry financial
technology is not
satisfactory. In this
context, in order to
fully implement the
rural revitalization
strategy, bridge the
digital divide between
urban and rural areas,
accelerate the pace of
urban and rural
financial technology,
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revitalize rural
industries as soon as
possible, and revitalize
rural talents, this paper
used machine learning
algorithms to apply
new energy industry
fintech technology to
rural revitalization. It
can not only reduce the
problem of rural
information
asymmetry, but also
improve the rural
economic level by
13.7%, which laid the
foundation for the
implementation of the
strategy of
technology-assisted
financial services for
rural revitalization
10. Socioecono To explore the Eileen 2023 This paper introduces

mic Impacts significant Grace C. a research and
of Hybrid socioeconomic Dakiapo, extension program
Pico Hydro- impacts of Dave focused on the
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Solar implementing Carlos A. promotion, transfer,

Generation renewable energy Calixto and adoption of the
System systems in rural areas. Hybrid Pico Hydro-
Implementa Solar Generation
tion in Sitio System in Sitio
Singawan, Singawan, Barangay
Barangay Umiray, Municipality
Umiray, of Dingalan, Aurora,
Municipalit Philippines, to explore
y of the significant
Dingalan, socioeconomic
Aurora, impacts of
Philippines implementing
renewable energy
systems in rural areas.
Spearheaded by the
Technological
University of the
Philippines’ College
of Engineering, led by
former Dean
Benedicto Fortaleza as
the project leader, and
involving the crucial
contributions of the
Civil Engineering
(CE), Electrical
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Engineering (EE),
Electronics
Engineering (ECE),
and Mechanical
Engineering (ME)
departments, the
program addresses the
absence of electricity
in the community and
strives to enhance the
livelihoods of the
Dumagat constituents.
This paper outlines the
methodology
employed,
encompassing
benchmark surveys,
needs assessments, the
development and
installation of the
Hybrid Pico Hydro-
Solar Generation
System, and details
regarding the return on
investment. The
results demonstrate the
successful generation
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of electricity, shedding
light on the challenges
encountered in power
distribution to the
community and
system maintenance.
This study's findings
are relevant for similar
rural electrification
initiatives, offering
valuable insights into
the social impact and
economic viability of
incorporating
renewable energy
technologies.
Page 29 of 29

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Republic of the Philippines

CENTRAL BICOL STATE UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE

commerce, and ideology in some 3. Technologies and use of for the

digital literacy incomes, and it allows barriers or sustainable

technology to as better managing

2. Technology 1. Improving Fernando 2016 There is no guaranteed

we offer. This paper

students in 3. To determine technology have been

for improving can be used to enhance

4. The role of 1. To look at how Mark 2023 Local participation is

nt in the and how much of However, as

development in in the digital

goals, while gender

concerned with the

among various form of bonding social

integrating contributed to program

for rural challenges faced Kushank interaction spaces

growing body of rural

8. A literature 1. To identify and Kine 2022 This literature review

9. New energy 1. To provide Feng 2022 Rural economic

With the development

10. Socioecono To explore the Eileen 2023 This paper introduces

Solar implementing Carlos A. promotion, transfer,

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