DNA_

determines what characteristics you

have

chromosomes are
long molecules of
DNA

double helix structure

gener
a
gene is a small section of DNA
found on a chromosome

each gene lodes for a

specific
protein what order of amino acids

determines cell type

 genomen entire length of DNA

the entire set of genetic material

in an
organism

understanding of the human genome allows

Lee
scientists to identify
genes linked to
disease
genes that are linked to inneited
disoudes
trace common ancestors

StructureofDNAm
made
from monomers called nucleotides
each nucleotide consists of a sugar
phosphate group and a base

Sugar and phosphate groups

alternate
 Some parts of DNA don't code
for proteins These Swirch genes
on or off and decide whether a

gene is expressed or not

nucleoti
eoffthoisseteighfiities phosphate group
Ii

YESSIEESIS feasters base

Sugar
each base joins to a
sugar

each base is A T C G

A T C G

this is complementary base pairing

 mRNAm

proteins are synthesised on ribosome

in the cytoplasm

mRNA copies the code from the

DNA in the nucleus and carries

it to the ribosome

the correct amino acids are

brought to the ribosomes in

the correct order
by carrier molecule

these proteins may be

enzymes
hormones
structural proteins