Research papers :-

1)M.M. Manyuchi, L. Kadzungura, and S. Boka "Vermifiltration of Sewage Wastewater for Potential Use in
Irrigation Purposes Using Eisenia fetida Earthworms" with the Department of Chemical and Process
Systems Engineering, Harare Institute of Technology; Ganges Rd, Belvedere, Box BE 277, Harare,
Zimbabwe. Jun 2013.

2)Karthika Krishnasamy, Jaya Nair and Robert James Hughes "Vermifi ltration systems for liquid waste
management" School of Environmental Science,Murdoch University,South Street, Murdoch, Western
Australia 6150, Australia. Vol.12,No.4,Jan2013.

3)Patel Jatin "Wastewater Treatment by Vermifiltration: A Review" B.M.E. Environmental Management,

L.D. College of Engineering Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India. Vol7,Issue1,Jan 2018.

4)Damodhar J Garkal1, J V Mapara2 and Mandar Pr abhune3 "DOMESTIC WASTE WATER TREATMENT BY
BIO-FILTRATION" 1&2 Department of Chemical Engineering, Gharda Institute of Technology, At-Po: Lavel,
Tq: Khed, Dist: Ratnagiri, Maharashtra, India 3)Mandar Prabhune, M/s Transchem Agritech Ltd,
Vadodara, Gujarat, India. Vol.4,No.1,2015.

5)Priyanka Tomar, Surindra Suthar "Urban wastewater treatment using vermi-biofiltration " School of
Environment & Natural Resources, Doon University, Dehradun-248001, India. Volume 282, 1 November
2011.

Literature review:-

1)M.M. Manyuchi, L. Kadzungura, and S. Boka "Vermifiltration of Sewage Wastewater for Potential Use in
Irrigation Purposes Using Eisenia fetida Earthworms" with the Department of Chemical and Process
Systems Engineering, Harare Institute of Technology; Ganges Rd, Belvedere, Box BE 277, Harare,
Zimbabwe. Jun 2013.

In this study vermifiltration was used for treatment of sewage wastewater using the Eisenia fetida
earthworm species. The earthworms’ gut acted as a bioreactor and they reduced the sewage
wastewater solid and liquid organic wastes through ingestion and expelling these as vermicompost. 500
earthworms were used in the vermifilter over a 5 period of days. The treated water pH increased from
being acidic to neutral. The sewage wastewater biological oxygen demand (BOD5), chemical oxygen
demand (COD), total dissolved and soluble solids (TDSS) and turbidity decreased by 98%, 70%, 95% and
98% respectively through vermifiltration.

2)Karthika Krishnasamy, Jaya Nair and Robert James Hughes "Vermifi ltration systems for liquid waste
management" School of Environmental Science,Murdoch University,South Street, Murdoch, Western
Australia 6150, Australia. Vol.12,No.4,Jan2013.

In this paper, an overview of vermifiltration systems in liquid waste management is presented. The paper
starts by giving an overview of the vermifiltration process and then provides details of current studies
and technologies used to treat wastewater using the vermifiltration process. The anti-clogging nature of
vermifiltration systems is compared with other biological treatment systems and the key factors
influencing the process and the treatment efficiency of the process are critically reviewed. The scope and
improvements to the process are finally suggested.

3)Patel Jatin "Wastewater Treatment by Vermifiltration: A Review" B.M.E. Environmental Management,

L.D. College of Engineering Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India. Vol7,Issue1,Jan 2018.

This paper describes this basic mechanism of vermifilter and vermifilter was found to be suitable
technique for highly efficient treatment technology for wastewater. In this research wastewater is
treated using earthworms. Earthworm's body works as a biofilter and have been found to remove BOD,
COD, TDS, and TSS by general mechanism of ingestion, biodegradation, and absorption through body
walls. There is no sludge formation in vermifiltration process which requires additional cost on landfill
disposal and it is also odor-free process. The present study will evaluate the performance of
vermifiltration for parameters like Turbidity, BOD, COD, TDS, and TSS for industrial wastewater.

4)Damodhar J Garkal1, J V Mapara2 and Mandar Pr abhune3 "DOMESTIC WASTE WATER TREATMENT BY
BIO-FILTRATION" 1&2 Department of Chemical Engineering, Gharda Institute of Technology, At-Po: Lavel,
Tq: Khed, Dist: Ratnagiri, Maharashtra, India 3)Mandar Prabhune, M/s Transchem Agritech Ltd,
Vadodara, Gujarat, India. Vol.4,No.1,2015.

In this study sewage water is treated using vermifilter containing earthworms and the results are
compared with permissible standards of treated water. The average removal efficiencies of the
vermifilter were as follows: chemical oxygen demand (COD) 68.52%; biological oxygen demand (BOD)
72.05 %; total dissolved solids 15.42 %. During the process of vermifiltration, there was no sludge
formation in the process and was also an odor-free process and the resulting vermifiltered water was
clean enough to be reused for farm irrigation and gardens.

5)Priyanka Tomar, Surindra Suthar "Urban wastewater treatment using vermi-biofiltration " School of
Environment & Natural Resources, Doon University, Dehradun-248001, India. Volume 282, 1 November
2011.

This work illustrates the potential of a novel vermi-biofiltration system in treatment of urban wastewater.
A small-scale vermi-biofiltration reactor was constructed using vertical subsurface-flow constructed
wetlands (VSFCWs) aided with local earthworms Perionyx sansibaricus. The coco-grass: Cyprus
rotundus (density 0.14 plants/in.2) was used to construct VSFCW. Another reactor without earthworms
acted as experimental control. The wastewater was treated through this system for a total of eight
repetitive cycles and after each cycle the changes in pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids
(TDS), and total suspended solids (TSS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), NO3− and PO43− of water
were measured. Vermi-biofiltration caused significant decrease in level of TSS (88.6%), TDS (99.8%), COD
(90%), NO3− (92.7%) and PO43− (98.3%). There were about 38.8, 20.8, 80.6, 50.8 and 144.6% more
removal of TSS, TDS, NO3−, PO43− and COD, respectively in vermi-biofiltration than control. Results
thus suggested that vermin-biofiltration system is more efficient than VSFCW in terms of contamination
removal efficacy. However, this work provides a preliminary idea of using earthworms in wastewater
treatment system and further detailed studies are required on some key issues (e.g., loading rate, flow
alternation impacts and earthworm stocking density) of this system.

Objectives :-

1)To create low cost and eco-friendly biofilter by using materials which are easily available. 2) To turning
waste water in to reusable.

3)To reduce water scarcity as well as environmental and health issues.