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SCORPIO
SCORPIO
(https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/author/pauli-van-wyk/)
By Pauli van Wyk (https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/author/pauli-van-
wyk/) Follow (https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/sign-in)
27 Feb 2024 30
In a novel case filed at the Gauteng Division of the High Court just before
Christmas 2023, the SA Revenue Service aims to hold Sasfin Bank Limited liable
for billions in damages the taxman said it suffered due to lost taxes. The SA
Revenue Service alleges that at least R8.2-billion in untaxed funds, linked to the
vast Gold Leaf Tobacco money laundering racket, were unlawfully sneaked out of
the country over the past decade - mainly with the help of 11 Sasfin employees.
This happened amid repeated warnings over the lapse of risk and control measures
at the bank’s foreign exchange division.
0:00 / 8:30 1X
T
he South African Revenue Service (https://www.sars.gov.za/) (SARS) filed
a R4.8-billion damages claim against Sasfin Bank Limited, dated 22
December 2023. In an unprecedented step, SARS argues that Sasfin must
be held liable for damages suffered by the revenue service because the bank
facilitated large-scale tax evasion between 2013 and 2023.
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The backstory here involves SARS’s initial findings in 2022 that at least five Sasfin
employees assisted an extraordinary transnational plunder network operated by
Zimbabwean tobacco boss Simon Rudland in moving at least R3-billion offshore
without paying tax.
Read more in Daily Maverick: Simon Rudland’s Gold Leaf Tobacco used
Sasfin Bank officials to launder its dirty cigarette money – here’s how
(https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2022-09-12-sasfin-gold-leaf-whatsapp-
r3bn-dirty-money-washed-through/)
Sassoon at the time vehemently denied that as much as R3-billion could have
washed through the bank’s system without senior management knowing. By
October 2022, Sassoon acknowledged to Scorpio that the risk and control
measures at the bank were found wanting. According to Sassoon, the bank had
gone through stringent processes to ensure the crimes would not be repeated. Yet,
SARS documents filed just before Christmas in 2023 suggest that the money that
washed through Sasfin’s system was almost three times more than initially
thought. Worse, perhaps, is that on at least three occasions in November 2022 and
February 2023, long after Sasfin management was very much aware that the bank
was probably harbouring criminals, large sums were again unlawfully moved
offshore.
In this latest court action, SARS told the Gauteng Division of the High Court in
Pretoria that investigators found that 19 companies linked to Rudland’s business
operations used the Sasfin system over the course of a decade to unlawfully – and
mostly unnoticed – sneak R8.2-billion offshore. On the back of fictitious invoices
and incomplete documentation these funds were moved from company accounts
held at Sasfin to accounts in destinations like Dubai, Switzerland and Mauritius.
Daily Maverick wrote extensively about the initial allegations.
To hide the crimes, Sasfin employees conspired to wipe the payments off the Sasfin
system and the relevant companies’ bank statements. Cross-border money
movement Bopcus reports to the SA Reserve Bank were also deleted. Sasfin
managers seemingly remained blissfully unaware of these shenanigans until
SARS’s extensive Rudland investigation reached the Sasfin shores. On Tuesday,
Sassoon was at pains to say that independent investigations “found no evidence of
any involvement by senior management or directors” at Sasfin. These
investigations did unearth an undisclosed number of employees involved, whose
contracts were terminated. Sasfin opened criminal cases against 11 of its former
employees, six more than the initial five eyed by SARS.
In the December summons, SARS argues that Sasfin’s repeated negligence and lax
controls allowed for the abuse and loss: “Sasfin breached its legal duty by directly
or indirectly assisting the taxpayers and GLTC [Gold Leaf Tobacco Corporation] to
unlawfully export the funds abroad…”
SARS argues that “Sasfin was at all relevant stages aware, alternatively ought to
have been aware of the taxpayers and GLTC’s conduct and that the export of the
funds abroad was wrongful and unlawful”.
The summons consists of two claims. The first claim focused on 18 companies, all
clients of Sasfin’s foreign exchange division, with names such as Chair Boyz (Pty)
Ltd, Lone Eagle General Traders (Pty) Ltd and Ocean Twelve General Trading
(Pty) Ltd. The companies collectively moved R5.33-billion from their local Sasfin
accounts to unnamed offshore accounts, SARS’s summons states. Neither income
tax nor VAT payments totalling R1.96-billion for the period under investigation
were declared. SARS argues that Sasfin’s negligence caused the economic loss.
On the face of it, these companies mostly seem unrelated and some show signs of
being shell companies. The inference in SARS’s papers, for reasons not disclosed
so far, is that the companies, in various degrees, link to Rudland’s GLTC and are
alleged to form part of a vast cross-border money laundering racket involving
smuggled tobacco and gold. Some of the listed companies were mentioned in
SARS’s 2022 successful ex parte case in which the revenue service seized control of
the local assets held by Rudland and business partner Ebrahim Adamjee.
All but four of these 18 companies are in the process of closing down or had
already closed down (a deregistration process at CIPC). The local subsidiary of the
German construction equipment seller Putzmeister SA (Pty) Ltd is one of the few
legitimate companies listed in the SARS papers. According to SARS, the company
unlawfully moved R67.89-million out of South Africa in the nine months ending in
February 2019. amaBhungane revealed how former company management got
caught up in the illicit activities.
Read more in Daily Maverick: THE LAUNDRY, Part One: How shape-shifting
‘money launderers’ infiltrated SA banks
(https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2022-10-25-the-laundry-part-one-how-
shape-shifting-money-launderers-infiltrated-sa-banks/)
The second claim relates to tobacco products manufacturer GLTC. Between June
2016 and May 2018, GLTC’s local Sasfin account received R2.9-billion in
undeclared funds.
SARS told the court that GLTC owed R4.46-billion in income tax and VAT by May
2023.
Investigations suggest GLTC locally does not have the available assets and
resources to settle its tax debt in full. The shortfall “at least” will be the sum of
these undeclared funds. For that reason, SARS holds Sasfin liable for another
R2.9-billion for “damages suffered”.
Read more in Daily Maverick: Sasfin Bank will ‘rigorously’ defend itself
against SARS’s R4.87bn damages claim
(https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2024-02-27-sasfin-bank-will-
rigorously-defend-itself-against-sarss-r4-87bn-damages-claim/)
In total, SARS says it is owed R4.8-billion in damages for the taxes it now cannot
raise because these companies either closed down or do not hold enough local
assets to pay the damages claim.
Sassoon consulted a heavyweight legal team who are of the “unequivocal” opinion
that the SARS claim “has a very remote likelihood of success”. The team includes
professor Dale Hutchinson, professor Michael Katz, Aslam Moosajee and Advocate
Wim Trengove SC.
“On the basis of this strong legal opinion”, Sassoon said, “we concluded that the
[SARS] claim will not result in the recognition of any liability.”
Sasfin has no choice but to energetically challenge the claim: The bank’s balance
sheet will buckle under a near R5-billion loss. Sasfin’s annual financial statements
for the year ended June 2023 shows the bank holds R14-billion in assets. Its single
largest asset was its loans and advances of R9-billion. Cash and cash equivalents
was stated as R866-million. A local tax expert consulted by Scorpio confirmed
there “has never been a claim in South Africa where SARS argues a bank should be
held liable because its negligence has caused economic loss”. The tax expert said
SARS will fight an uphill battle to prove “wrongfulness”, an opinion shared by
Sassoon’s team. Scorpio’s tax expert further suggested that the courts are generally
“reluctant to expand on the doctrine of economic loss”.
Neither the SA Reserve Bank nor SARS confirmed by the time of publishing
whether criminal charges in the matter were laid with the Hawks or police. DM
(https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2018-11-21-vbs-bank-heist-effs-family-
ties-and-moneyed-connections/pauli-vbs-eff-scorpio-logo-for-the-bottom-of-the-
story/)
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