9/13/2020

What is jazz?
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I. All the stories that refers to African American culture
in the US, due to slavery.

Jazz is the collective music that allows for

individualism to flourish.

jazz is a form of communication rather than a form of

art.

History of Jazz
music.

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• African music includes some form of call and
response.

In Africa call and response is more of a connection

between audience and performer.

African music wasn't primarily an art form, was more

of a communication form, art as a tool.

▪ 1619 the first Africans arrived the continent in James town, Virginia.

▪ By 1798 every state in the country had banned the importation of new slaves.

▪ Between 1619 and 1798 there were 400,000 Africans that were stolen and
brought to this country.

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Syncretism in jazz.

▪ European ideas that came directly to jazz, came through

rag time and other early influences.

▪ Even those influences were filter through cultural

experiences of African American people.

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Influences of jazz.

▪ The earliest influences on jazz are work songs and the

black Baptist church.

▪ Work songs as the first form of purely African American

music.

▪ Music was allowed mainly because the oppressor wanted

their workers to increase productivity.

▪ The use of Christianity to convert African American so

they could be considered "people".
▪ Civil war and the emancipation of the slaves that opens
the opportunity for the first brass band.

Blues,
country blues
and Ragtime.

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Blues.

• The first and most important jazz music that exist as folk
and as an art form.

• Is the foundation to all American music.

• Comes directly from the African American community.

• In order to sing the blues, you must have the blues.

• 1912 the first sheet music for blues.

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Blues continuation...

• One of the most distinguished factors of blues is

that it usually features some kind of initial line,
repetition of that line and a rhythmic line.

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Country blues.
• The first recorder artist was Blind Lemon
Jefferson in 1920.

• Classic Blues was a female singer with a band.

• August 10, 1920 crazy blues is recorded and

sold over 1 million copies.

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Ragtime music
• Ragtime music was the most popular music in
America for about 25 years.

• So popular that by 1901 was considered "a

popular wave in the wrong direction".

• 1907 the American federation of musicians

order their member to stop playing ragtime.

• Rag time is primarily piano music.

• By 1911 there were 295 different piano manufacturers.

Today only 3.

• The most important city in rag time is Sedalia Missouri.

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New Orleans and the creoles.

• Storyville function as an incubator rather than a place of

birth for jazz between 1897 and 1917.

• One of the most important population of New Orleans

were the creoles.

• There was two different kind of creoles; american-

european and creoles of color.

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• Creoles of color were the product of sexual assault from

slave owners.

• 1724 the code of Noir made legal to free children's that

were product of sexual assault.

• Creoles of color were primarily associated with

their European heritage.

• By 1894 the Louisiana legislation passed a new law

designated to anyone with African American ancestry to
be considered a "NEGRO".

• This force the creoles of color to join the African

American community.

Buddy Bolden

• Legend of jazz, he was the first musician with a parade.

• He ran a barbershop.

• Considered the best cornetist in New Orleans.

• Directly influence by the Baptist church.

• 1906 his alcoholism and mental health destroy his playing.

• Eventually declared legally insane, died at 54 in 1931 due to

schizophrenia.

Papa Jack Laine

• 1805 first band.

• Well known because of the diversity it had.

• 1917 he retires without having recorded.

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Minstrel Shows

• Was the primary vehicle that helped with the expansion of

jazz everywhere.

• It represented north and Eastern European American

stereotypes of what african American culture was like.

• Most of the writers of song had no knowledge about the

south, Steven foster was one of them.

• Represents the first real opportunity of work for African Americans

entertainers.

• The original creole orchestra featuring Freddie Keppard.

• By 1915 they were in Chicago.

• Made it all the way to California.

• By early 1917 they were in New York.

• They were never recorded.

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Other Facts

• Electric recording until 1925.

• For the first 8 years jazz was recorded with no

microphones.

• Dixieland Jazz Band launched the jazz era after

recording "Livery stable blues" in 1917.