A. VOCABULARY UNIT 10. ENERGY SOURCES Part of No. Word Pronunci Meaning speech 1 ‘Abundant adj Ja'bandant/ Du thiva 2 Advantage n Jaciva:ntids/ Lot ich, uu dim Affect Vv Jattekt/ ‘Anh hung, a Alternative adj Jailtsnetw/ Ding d8 thay thé 5 Appliance n Ja'plaians/ ‘88 ding, thiét bi (dién) 6 Available adj /a'veilabl/ sin cd 7 Avoid v Javoid Trénh lam g) 8 Biogas A /'baiswges/ Khi ga sinh hoc Carbon footprint | n kowban'totoney | nen thal Auec a0 1 bot cae 9 hoat déng cia con ngudi 10 | Climate change n ['klaimat tfeinds/ Thay déikhihgu 11 | Coal n 7keol/ Than da 12 | Convert (into) Vv 7ken'veirt/ Chuyén héa, bién déi 2B Crack n Tkraek/ cho net 14 Dam n [deem] C4i dap nude 15 | Depend (on) v /dipend/ Phy thuéc(vio) 16 | Disadvantage A /,dsad va:ntids/ Bat loi 17 | Effect (on) n /ifekt/ Sy anh hudng 18 | Electric adj 7ilektrk/ Chay bang dién 19 | Electrical adj /lektrikl/ (Thudc) dién 20 | Electricity n Jilek'tnsati/ Bien 21 | Emission n Dienifo] Sy thai ra 22 | Emit v [init] Thai ra 23 | Energy n [enard3i/ Nguén nang lvong 24 | Exhaustible adj Jigza:stabal/ Can kiétExtreme weather /ik'stri:rm ‘wedar 7 event . \vent/ Hin tuomg thoi tiét cure doan 26 Fossil fuel n /'fosl 'fjuzal/ Nhién liéu hoa thach 27 Generate 7 [dgenareit/ Tao ra, phatra 28 | Global warming n 7gioobl ‘woirmin/ | Sy néngéntoan cau 29 Greenhouse effect n /'grisn haus ''fekt/ Hiéu dng nha kinh 30 | Harm ny | Thar] Mai nguy hai lam hat 31 Harmful adj fha:rmfl/ C6 hai 32 Harmless: adj /ha:rmlas/ V6 hai 33 | Heat ny | /hit/ Khindng, ddt néng, sui am Hydro, "haidrauy “4 vdroven “eer . ties a None long nes 35 Inconsiderate adj /ankan'siderat/ Tho o, lnh dam 36 Increase v /inkkrizs/ Tang 37 | Increasingly adv | Ankrisinh/ Mat cach ting din 38 Install /in'sta:l/ Lip dat, cdi dat 39 Invest (in) Jinvest/ ‘Dau te vio 40 Investment n /investmant/ Sy dau tw a1 Last Vv Tieest/ Tan tal, kéo dai a | leadto Vv | Ad Din dn, gayra 43 Light bulb. n /lait balb/ Bong dén 44 Limited adj /lmutid/ Cé han 45. Low-energy adj Jlas-enardsi/ Tidu thy it nang wong 46) Main adj main] Chinh 47 Mainly ‘adv | /'meini/ Chi yéu a8 | Natural gas A 7.nwtfral gs) Khi ga tynhian 49__| Natural resources | n [naxtfral r'sassiz/ Ngudn tai nguyén thin nhién 50 Negative adj negatw/ Tidu eye 51 Non-renewable adj (non n'nu:abl/ Khdng thé tai tao duge 52 Nuclear adj /'nju:klia/ Thuéc vé hat nhan53 | Overcool /aovekkul/ Lim cho qué lanh 54 | Overheat Janvalhi:t/ Lam cho qué néng 55 | Panel n 7penl/ Tim ghép 56 | Plentiful adj [plentifi/ Dei dao 57 | Pollutant n Jpelustant/ Chat gay 6 nhiém 58 Pollute Vv Jpa'lust/ Lam 6 nhiém 59 Polluted adj /p2'luztid/ Bid nhiém 60 Pollution. n /pe'lusjn/ Sy 6 nhiém 61 | Positive ad) ['pozatv/ Tich eye a2 | power ww owvat/ Nang lvgng, cung cép nang lvong dé van hanh 63 | Produce v 7pra'du: Tyo ra, can must ra 64 | Reduce v Jevdjuss/ Giam 65 | Release Vv Teles] Thaira 66 | Rely (on) v Jelai/ Tin vio, dyva vo 67 | Renewable adj Jelausabl/ C3 thé t4i tao duge 68 | Replace Vv Jel pleis/ Thay thé 69 | Runout vphr. | /ran aut/ Hat, can kigt 70 | Save v /selv/ Tat kim 72 Shortage n Jortids/ sy thiéu hut 72 | Solar energy A /'sauler ‘enod3i/ Nang lueng mit trei 73 | Solar panel n /,savlar ‘peenl/ Tam nang long mat tre 74 | Solution n 7salufp/ Giai php 75 | Solve v /solv/ quyét 76 | Source ofenergy | n Jsorsav'enards/ | Neudn nang lrong 77 | Syllable n 7siebl/ Am tie 78 | Tap n /taep/ Voi 79 Trap Vv /trep/ Git? lai, mac ket 80 | Unlimited adj Jar‘lumatid] V6 han 81 | Use v Jwa/ Sirdung82 | Waste v /weist/ Ling phi 83 | Windenergy n Jwind ‘enad3i/ N&nglwong gid 84 | Wind turbine A [wand ta:rbain/ Tua bin id B, PRONUNCIATION ® Stress in three-syllable words (Trong 4m clia tir c6 ba am tiét) bi véi céc tir cd Am tigt ther 2, 3 chia cdc nguyén am ngén la: /i/, /a/ trong Am s& roi va family /faemalif ‘Oi véi cdc ti c6 Am tidt thir 2 chura nguyén Am di hod dai va am tiét thir 3 1a: -ian, ic, -ience, ~ient, -ial, -ual, -al, -e0us, ~ion, -iar trong 4m thudng roi vao am tit ngay phia trudc chiing (dm tigt thir) physician /fi'zifr/_ DSi véi cdc tiv co Am tit thir 3 la: -ee, eer, -ese, - ier, -ette, -00, -esque trong 4m thung roi v8o am tiét chita céc dusi nay (am tiét ther 3) volunteer/,volen’tia(t)/ Cc. GRAMMAR s PRESENT CONTINUOUS (THi HIEN TAI TIEP DIEN) 1. Forms (Cu trie) Caukhangdinh | S+ am/is/are + V-ing. She is cooking. Cu pha dink S+am/ is/ are +not + Ving. ‘She isnt evoking. ‘Am /Is /Are +S +V-ing (+) Yes, S+is/am/are. cauhei (4) No, S + isn’t/am not /aren’t. Is she cooking? (+) Yes, she is. () No, she isn’t. (W-h) W-H + am/is/are +S +V-ing? What is she doing? 2. Use (Cach ding) Hanh déng dang dién ra vao luc néi ‘Ex: She is sleeping now. Dién ta xu hurong: Ex: Itis getting hot. Dur dinh trong twong lai gan Ex: lam fying to Kyoto tomorrow. Thi quen xu gay khé chiu Bx: He is always coming late. 3. Add -ing to the verbs (Quy tdc thém duéi -ing vao sau déng tir) *# Tiz tn cling [ae > bd e thém -ing. Ex: ride > riding* Tir tn cling [a ee ~ chi vide thém -ing. Ex: see > seeing + Tir két thiic bangie > doi ie thanh y, thm ~ing, Ex: lie > lying + Dong tiv 1 Am tiét két thiic bing 1 nguyn 4m (u, ¢, 0, a i) va 1 phy Am (tré¥ h, w, x, y, 2) > nhan di phy 4m cu6i, thém -ing, x: put > purting # Dong tiv c6 tir hai Am tiét tr& ln > nhan déi phu dm khi trong am roi vao m tiét cubi cling. Ex: per'mit > permitting * Dong tiv cé tiv hai 4m tiét tré ln, trong 4m roi vio 4m tiét thie nhét > thém -ing. Ex: ‘open —> opening © Con lai > thém -ing. Ex: work > working 4, Time expressions (Dau u trang ngtr thdi gian) Att gids It's + gid + 5+ be + gidi tiv vitri + danh tiv dia diém + Cé cdc cum tit hode trang tit Atthe moment, now, right naw, at present + Cau ménh Iénh: Lookt, Listen!, Be quiet!, Keep silent! "Luu y: m@t sé dng tty CAM GIAC khéng ding véi thi tiép din: like, dislike, hate, love, want, prefer, admire, believe, understand, remember, forget, know, belong, have, taste, smell, be... Nhung néu mang nghia chi hoat dng thi duigc chia thi tiép din (be V-ing). D. PRACTICE PART I. PHONETICS. Exercise 1. Find the word which has a different sound in the underlined part. 1A. energy B. dangerous C. government D. expensive 2. A. scientist B. develop C nowadays D. library 3. A. natural B. limited C.advantage D. usually 4. A. normally B. appliance Celectric D. production 5. A. attention B. overheat. C. effective D. protection’ Exercise 2. Find the word which has the different stress from the others. 1. A. pretty B. energy C. project D. expensive 2.A. heat B. cheap Ceasy D. near 3. A. wind B. hydro C. building D. distance 4. A. action B. replace C. dangerous D. save5. A. source B. reduce C.coal D. recycle PART 2. VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR 1. VOCABULARY Exercise 1. Look at the pictures and fill in the blanks. solar energy coal eil nuclear energy wind energy htbulle dangerous natural gas renewable hydro energy 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Exercise 2 2. A.sun C.water D. source 2. A. abundant B. limited C.unlimited D. plentiful 3. A. coal B. oil C.gas D. nuclear 4A, heat B. electricity C.energy D. light 5. A. polluted B. safe C. expensive D. dangerous 6.A. develop B. reduce C.increase D. rise 7.A. save B. conserve C. preserve D. destroy 8. A, harmful B. impact effect D. influence 9. A. panel B. windmill C. produce D. dam 10. A. exhausted B. cheap C.effective D. clean Exercise 3. Reorder the leiters to make correct words, then match them with their meanings. A B‘A. a piece of electrical equipment especially a domestic B. to take the place of something ©. to protact something and to prevent injury, decay, waste, or loss of D. small in amount or number 5. -T-V-R-N-M-N-E-O-E-N E. able to be continued for longer period and not depleted when used 6.APE F, a material used to produce heat or power by 7. EV-O-R-CES-N . present or ready for immediate use 8. LP-U-E-O-LT-D H. to make water, air, or land dirty and dangerous to live in or to use |. the surroundings or conditions where a person, animal, or plant lives or operates 10. RW-E-A-LB-NEE J. the capacity for doing work Il. GRAMMAR Exercise 1. Add -ing to the following verbs. No. v Ving 1 brush 2 lie 3 sleep 4 hide 5 wir 6 make 7 jump 8 prepare 8 visit 20 ‘agreeiL form 2 prefer 23 record Fry produce 2B enter Exercise 2. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of “to be”. a He doing a project on energy sources. 2. They building a large hydroelectric dam in this area. 3. They putting solar panels on the roof of my house to produce solar energy. 4. People reducing the use of fossil fuels because they're exhausted. 5. My sister changing the light bulb. 6. Our government looking for new sources of energy to replace coal and gas. 7. Scientists developing new sources to protect the environment. 8.1 talking about the advantages and disadvantages of alternative energy. 9. My brother always leaving the tap on while brushing his teeth. 10. They playing golf these days. Exercise 3. Complete the sentences using Present continuous. 1. (you/watch) TV? Can I turn it off? 2. Look! They (launch) anew spacecraft. 3. What courses (Jane I take) this semester? 4. She (not ! do) her homework now. She (look after) her baby sister. 5. Every day Igo te school by bus, but today | (go}to school by bike. 6. Jack (study) for a science test tomorrow, so he can’t come to the prom. 7. My English (get) better. 8. Be quiet! My daughters (sleep) in the room. 9. Where is your dad? - He _ _______ plant) some trees in the gerden. 10. Paul (not write) an essay about global warming at the moment. Exercise 4. Turn the following sentences into affirmative, negative, or interrogative forms. 1. (+) We are reading some articles on air and water pollution. a)(?) 2. (+) () She isn’t swimming at the moment. ” 3. (+) () (?) Are they painting the room now? 4.(+) () She isn’t cleaning the house now. (?) 5. (+) My dad is repairing some household appliances. () (?) 6. (+) (it isn’t raining outside. (?) 7.(4) O (?) Are the students presenting about how to protect the environment? 8. (+) They are listening to the radio now. a) 9. (+) oO (2)|s Kate talking to her friends at the moment? 10. (+) (-) Teachers aren’t giving any homework today. (2) Exercise 5. Complete the sentences using Present simple or Present continuous and underline the time expression. 1. Trang always (help) me with my assignments in her free time,2. Our summer vacation always (start) in June and (last) for almost three months. 3. What (you /do) to save energy these days? 4. We (have) English classes 4 times a week. 5. My brothers (go) swimming every afternoon. 6. Alex and Tom (have] breakfast with their parents now. 7. Bill usually (watch)__movies at home, but sometimes he (go) to the cinema. 8. They (talk) about Hoe’s work at the moment. 9. I(not/ play) football with my friends now. 10. He (borrow) always our novels but he (not remember) to give them back. Exercise 6. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of a suitable verb from the box. put install use show reduce keep pay check take spend 1.We a test on sources of energy at present. 2. People in developing countries __ ___ energy from the sun, the wind, and the water these days. 3. Last year, we a lot of money on heating because it was very cold. 4. The electrician low energy light bulbs in the classrooms at the moment. 5. Our teacher a video on types of renewable energy sources yesterday. 6. the plumber cracks in the pipes in the bathroom now? 7 your father the electricity bill last week? 8. What will you do carbon footprint? 9. We will walk to school fit and protect the environment. 10. My uncle new glass in the windows to stop heat escaping tomorrow. Exercise 7. Make questions for the underlined parts. 1. My uncle is washing his car right now. 2. lam mowing the lavn in the garden,. They are waiting for the bus at present. B |. [save paper by printing on both sides. . Kyle is giving a talk about solar energy. 2 . The earth is becoming hotter and hotter. . We ere going to visit the Wind farm in Lam Dong tomorrow. 2 . Mai is explaining the reasons for the greenhouse effect. » | always use reusable grocery bags 10. Our mother is making delicious cakes in the kitchen. Exercise 8. Underline the correct answers. 1. Do /Does / Is / Are the swans swimming in the lake now? 2. How often de / does / is / are her brothers play video games? 3. Do /Does / Is / Are John usually do his homework at home? . The children are crossing /eross /crossing the street now. 4. 5. It often snows / is snowing / snowing in the mountains. 6. Do / Does / Is / Are your cousin goto his hometown every week? 7 Do / Does /Is / Are Julia and Henry writing a text today? 2 . Ben and I surf / are surfing / surfing the Internet at the moment. » . We often go/ are going / going to the cinema 10. Tom doesn’t like / is li ¢ / not like to use a gas stove in the kitchen. Exercise 9. Choose the best answers. 1. What does “non-renewable” A. mean 8. means . meaning D. meant 2. [think | have a small carbonA. amount 8. dioxide C. footprint D. energy 3.Awind ____turns wind energy into electri A. engine 8. turbine machine D. fan 4. Solar energy Is a clean and energy source. A. limited 8. dangerous C. renewable D. non-renewable 5 fuels include oil, coal, and natural gas. A. Ancient B. Cold C Fossil D. Frozen 6. Nuclear power plants can electricity but thay are harmful to environment. A. drive B. do find D. generate 7. The sun and the wind are other sources of energy. ‘A. option 8. choice C. changeable D. alternative 8. Solar power can be used to or cool our houses. A. hotter 3. heat Chet D. heating 9. Coalis a source. A.non-renewable 8. abundant clean D. unlimited 10. In the future, the wind and the sun will be used as the main energy sources. A. environmental friendly B. environmentally friendly C. environmental friend D. environment friendly 11. Carbon dioxide the sun's heatin the atmesphere and heats the planet. A. locks 8. traps C. takes D. blocks 12. Those non-renewable sources are going to soon. A. exhausted B. lack use up D. run out 13. We should the lights before going to bed. A. turn down B. turn up C. turn off D.tum on 14. is anew source of energy available for poor people. A.Nuclear power 8. Biogas C. Gasoline D.oil 15. Alternative energy sources are clean, safe, and cheap. A. abundant 8. exhausted C. limited D. expensive 16. People are the use of electricity to save energy. A. reduce 8. reducing ©. toreduce D. reduces 17. ‘you using public transports to reduce exhaust fumes to the air?A.Do B. Can c.will D.Are 18. We should use sources of energy more for our future and the future of the planet. A. wiser 8. wisdom ©. wisely D. wise 19. Non-renewable sources are being A.tunningoutof 8. used up run out D. using up 20. Viet Nam still relies mostly non-renewable energy sources. A. about 8. in Gat Don Exercise 10. Find and correct the mistake: 1. My kids drinking some lemonade now. . Be carefull The bus is comes, 15 Alice watch TV in the living room now? . We are discuss about saving natural resources at the moment. es) s]e]s What you doing in the school library? . They aren’t have dinner now. Where they are having dinner at the moment? 6. 7. 8, The earth is running out fossil Fuels, 8. |. Do they mending the roof right now? 10. Your grandmother is knitting @ woolen hat now? IIL. READING Exercise 1. Fillin the blanks with suitable words in the box. available used powers essential 0 Energy is the ability to do work. We use energy every day in many different ways. It is (2) for our lives. The gas we use to make a cup of coffee for breakfast Is energy, the petrol in the bus that brings us to school is energy, the electricity that we use to give us light is energy, the battery that (2) our mobile phone is energy. So, where does this energy come from? Sources of energy are divided (3) 2 groups: Renewable energy and Nonrenewable energy. Renewable energy is a sourca which can be replenished and is always (4) It continues to be available for use by humans indefinitely. In contrast, non-renewable energy a source which cannot be replenished and eventually it will be (5) up. It disappears after each use and can’t be used agaiExercise 2. Read the passage, then tick True (T) or False (F). Alternative Enerey d energy is a good example of renewable energy. It is the transformation of wind energy Into electricity, using wind turbines. Wind turbines are normally grouped together in windy locations to form wind farms. Nowadays, many countries are developing wind energy, in fact the electricity produced by wind power has increased by more than 40% in recent years. This production only represents 1% of world-wide electricity use. The world’s largest offshore wind turbines are in Great Britain. The turbines are 70 metres high and provide electricity for 3,000 houses. ‘Statements True (T) False (F) 1. Wind energy is an example of non-renewable energy. 2. A few countries are developing wind energy. 3. The electricity produced by wind power has decreased by more ‘than 40% in recent years. 4. The world’s largest offshore wind turbines are in Great Britain, 5. The turbines in Great Britain provide electricity for 3,000 houses. Exercise 3. Read the text carefully then answer the following questions. Energy is one of the most basic parts of our universe. The word energy comes from the Greek word “energia’, meaning “at work”. Thus, energy means “the abil ry to do work’. We use energy in everything. It lights end warms our homes, offices, streets, etc. It also cooks our food, plays our music, washes our clothes, and gives US pictures on the television. Household chores become easy with energy. You can visit your favourite places with energy, too. Our vehicles, trains, planes, and rockets are powered by energy. It also powers machines in factories and tractors on farm. Our main source of energy is the sun. The sun gives US light during the day. It dries our clothes when they're hanging outside on a clothesline. It helps plants grow. When animals eat the plants, the energy is transferred to their bodies, so they are able to move and do work. Our bodies changed the stored energy of the food into the energy to do work. We use this energy for walking, running, reading, etc. How important energy Is! 1. What does the word “energy” mean?2. Do household chores become easy with energy? 3. What is our main source of energy? 4, What does the sun give US during the day? 5. Is energy important? VI. WRITING Exercise 1. Reorder the words to make correct sentences. 1. and / main / for / of / biogas / is / cooking / The / use / heating 2. energy /Non-renewable / is / running / out 3. power / of /and / nuclear Ican/ Hydro / a/ great / deal / generate / energy. 4. is / power / plentiful. / cheap / and / Hydro 5. What / energy / of /does / Viet Nam / types / use / most? 6. distances. / should / public / when / use / travelling / long / We / transport 7. polluting. / is / an / using / fuel, / and /it / exhaustible / is / Coal 8. The / fossil / burning / of / is / fuels / environment / to / the /and / public / harmful / health 9. Solar / power / can / used / weather / daytime. / in / be / only / or /in/ the / sunny 110. What /the / advantages / power? / disadvantages /nuclear /of / and / are Exercise 2. Rewrite the following sentences based on the given words.1. Solar energy is cheaper and cleaner than coal. (more) 2. Scientists are trying to find cheap, clean and effective sources of energy for the future. (looking) 3. Carbon dioxide has a negative impact on the environment. (negatively) 4. Alterative sources of energy are plentiful. They are also clean and safe. (not only) 5. Wind and solar made up 10% of the world’s electricity in 2019. (accounted) 6. It's a good idea to turn off the tap while brushing your teeth. (should) 7. Although nuclear power is dangerous, it can provide enough electricity for the world’s needs for hundreds of years. (Despite) 8. It is predicted that we will run out of fossil fuels in this century. (used) 9. They will use biogas for cooking soon. (cook) 10. Unfortunately, fossil fuels are harmful to the environment. (harm)