A. VOCABULARY 1. Traffic and means of transport UNIT 7. TRAFFIC Part of No. Word Pronunciation Meaning speech 1 Allowed adj /alavd/ ‘Dug phép 2 Alcohol n Trelkaho 7 8B udng 6 cn 3 Automatic adj Jacte'mactik/ Ty dong a Bumpy adj Toampi/ GB ghd (during) 5 Careful adj [keatol/ cn than 6 Carry [ker] Mang theo, ch nguéi 7 Cross 7ke3s] BEng qua 8 Crossroad n 7kro:sreud/ Giaold 9 Corridor n ['konds:r/ Hanh lang, dai phan cdch 10 | Crash (into) v Tkcxif ‘Bam vao 11 Cyclist n /'saikist/ Neudi dixe dap 12 | Driving license n [drawn ‘Taisns/ Bing ldi xe 13 | Daily adj Ta Hang ngay, thong ngay 14 | Dangerously adv ['deindgrasli/ Mat cach nguy hiém 15 | Examine v /ig'zzemin/ Khdm nghiém, kiém tra 16 | Experience A 7iespriens/ Kinh nghiém 17 | Experienced adj 7ik’sprienst/ C5 kinh nghiém 18 | inexperienced adj Jimk’spinanst/ Thigu kin nghiém 19 | Engine n [endsin/ éngco 20 | Especially adv Jis'pefali/ ‘BSc bist | 21 | Footpath A /fotpx8/ Li dibs 22 | Fasten v /fesn/ That, ci 23 | Fine v Frain] Phat 24 | Give asignal v Jaw 2'signal/ ‘Buz tin higu, xi nhan25 | Hendlebars n [heendlba:2/ Ghi déng xe dap 26 | Helmet n Thelmit/ Mii bao hiém 27 | Indicate v Jindikeit] Ghi, nde dinh cdi gh 28 | Increase nv Jinks) Tang, sy tng lén 29 Install Vv Aistai/ Lap dat, cai dat 30 Installation n Lansta'leifn/ Sy lp dat, cai dat 31 | Junction n 7agankin] Giao ld, dim giso nhau 32 | Lane n 7iein/ Lin dung 33 | Cycle lane n sail Lin dung cho xe dap 34 | Law n Jo] Luat 35 Illegal adj Avicgll Bat hop phap 36 | Left-handed adj /left"heendid/ Thugn tay trai 37 | Right-handed adj [raitheendid/ Thuan tay phai 38 | Light-coloured adj Jiait 'kalerd/ Mau sang 39 n imine Phuong tién giao thong Means of transport “traenspo:rt/ 40 | Legally adv Tigoh/ Mt cach hgp phdp al Mechanical fault n {ma'kaenikl fa ity LOI kithuat a2 | Obey Vv 7abey Tuan tha 43 | Obedient adj /ebi:diant/ Biét nghe loi 44 | Obedience n Ja bicdians/ Sy tuan th 45 | Open-air market n faupen TT che trai ‘ma:rkit/ 46 | Overweight adj Tsoveweit/ Qué cn, thiva cn 47 Prohibit v Zpra'hibit/ Gm a8 | Pavement n 7'pelumant/ Via he 49 Pond n Zpond/ ‘Ao (nude) 50 | Passenger n ['paesindsar/ Hanh khach 51 | Pedestrian n 7pa'destrian/ Ngwdi dibé 52 | Poor-quality adj 7oor'kwarlati/ Chat long kém53 | Prevent Vv 7privent/ Ngan chan 54 Queue Vv ki X€p hang 55 | Reverse v Jewairs/ Lui xe (88) 56 | Rush hour n [raj ‘auar] Gid cao diém 57 Reduce Vv n'dju:s/ Giam 58 | Safe adj /seif/ ‘An toan 59 | Safely adv [seit] Mat cach an toan 60 Safety n 7'seift/ Sy an toan 61 | Seatbelt n /'si:tbelt/ Day an toan 62 Sign n /sain] Bign bdo 63 | Signal n /'signal/ Tin hiéu, xi nhan 64 | Speedtichet A Jepicd 'tket/ Phigu phat tién vi vi pham téc dB 65 | Speedlimit n Zspizd “imit/ Gidi han tc do 66 Suffer from Vv [safer from/ 67 | System n [sistem] H8 théng 68 | Suburb n 7'sabs:rb/ ‘Ving ngoai 6 69 | Stuck adj 7stak] Bj mac ket 70 | Traffic jam n Terastik dgemn/ tin tc giao thing [reefik 71 | Trafficcongestion | n Un téc giao thong kan‘dsestfan/ 72 | Traffic lights A ['evastik laits/ ‘én giao théng 73 | Traffic accident n [reetik “eksidant/ | Tal ngn giao théng 74 ‘Traffic signals n Traehik 'signale/ Tin higu giao théng 75 | Tricycle n ['traisikl/ Xe dep 3 banh 76 | Vehicle n Tvicakl/, Fvishikl/ | Xe c6 77| Warn (of) v Teo.r0/ Ginh bdo (v8) 78 Wave Vv /weiv/ vay, Boi 79 | Watch out v /votfavt/ Coi ching, cén trong 80 | Zebra crossing n ['tisbra ‘kr3'sin/ Vach sang duéng2. Traffic signs (Céc bién bao giao théng) 1 .. ahead Cai gi & phia trude 2 Keep to the right / left ‘Bi theo hudng bén phai / trai 3 No cycling Khdng dap xe 4 No parking Cam dé xe 5 No right /left turn (Cm ré phai/ trai 6 Turn red / yellow / green Den chuyén mau dé / vang / xanh 3. Collocations: Verbs with means of transport (Cum tir véi cde phuorng tién) 1 Board ‘a coach /plane /train... Ln xe khach, méy bay, tau Bat xe buyt, tic xi, tu, ph; 2 Catch abus/ taxi /train / ferry /flight/ plane... | lan may bay car / bus / taxi / coach, Lal xe 6 t6, xe buyt, tc xi, xe 3 Drive khach 4 Fly aplane Lai may bay Lén xe, tau... (phuong tién 5 Get on abus/ coach /train/ bike / motorbike... | cdng cng va thé so) abus/ coach /train/ bike / motorbike... | Kudng xe, tau... (phuong tién 6 Get off céng cng va thé so) Ln xe (phuong tién cé nhdn, 7 Get in (to) acar/taxi tunhan) Xudng xe (phuong tién cd 8 Get out (of) | acar/ taxi nhan, tu nhan) a bike / motorbike / tricycle / camel / 9 Ride Lai xe dap, xe méy... horse 10. Sail (infon) | aboat / ship Chéo thuyén, tau B, PRONUNCIATION Neuyén am di Jail ie (pie), Le (side), i ign), (try), ye (bye), uy (buy)Nguyén dm dai Feil ay (stay), ai (main), - (great), 2_e indicate), ey (prey) Cc, GRAMMAR “ee ing distance (“It” chi khoang céch) 1. Bit “it” dimng du cdu lam chii ng dé dian dat khoang céch It + be (chia) + (about) + distance + from A to B. It is about 3 kilometers from my house to my 2. Ask and answer about distance (hoi va tra loi Structure 1: How far is it from A to B? = Itis (about / nearly) +.... meters/ kilometers... Structure 2: What is the distance from A to B / between A, and B? = Itis (about / nearly) + ... meters/ kilometers... f@ Khong cach) How far is it from your house to the nearest cinema? -Itis about kilometer What is the distance between your house and the nearest cinema? -Itis about kilometer 3. “It” indicating time (“It chi théi gian) How long + V(aux) + s+ take + from A to B? - It + take (chia) + (about) + time + (minutes / hours / days...) + (by... How long does it take from Hanoi to Ho Chi Minh City? - It takes about 2 hours by plane. IL. Should / Shouldn’t Form (¢ Bu tre) (+)S + should + V. (-) $+ shouldn't + V. (2) Should +s + Vv? ‘She should drink mare water. We shouldn’t stay up late. Should | go to the dentist? ~ Yes, you should. = No, you shouldn't. Use (Ceh st dung) + Should/shouldn’t duge dling dé Khuyén ai nén hay khéng nén lam gi. © Dung trong cau héi dé dién ta su nghi ngd, You should take a rest now. You shouldn’t drink too much cold water. How should I know?thigu chdc chan. ‘+ Ding véi cdc dai tiv nghi vn nhw what / where | What should | find but a giant bear? / who dé dién ta sy ngac nhién, thong ding véi “but”, Notes (Luu ¥) should + V= had better +V You had better take a rest now. shouldn't + V=had better + not +V We had better not stay up late. (had better viét tat la ‘d better) D. PRACTICE PART I. PHONETICS Exercise 1. Find the word which has a different sound in the underlined part. LA fly 8. fine ©. safety D. sign 2. A. lane 8. distance ©. pavement D. plane 3. A. obey 8. survey Cerey D. key 4.4, bumpy, 8. traffic Coyle D. especially 5.A. sail 8. train fail D. fair Exercise 2. Find the word which has different stress from the others. 1. A. passenger 8. handlebars . suggestion D. vehicle 2. A. traffic 8. seatbelt C. distance D. obey 3. A. narrow 8. increase . bumpy D. crowded 4.A. footpath 8. before helmet D. user 5. A. position 8. hospital . dangerous D. motorbike PART 2. VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR |. VOCABULARY Exercise 1. Look at the pictures and fill in the blanks. Turn left Not Slippery ahead overtaking road Roundabout One way traffic No Maximum Road No No entry speed word parking U-turn6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Exercise 2. Circle the edd one out. 2A. left 8. right C. straight D.tum 2. A. traffic 8. plane C. bicycle D. truck 3. A. ride 8. sail G fly D. lane 4.A. pedestrian 8B. passenger C. pavement D. driver 5. A. helmet 8. boat ©. seatbelt D. handlebars 6. A. danger 8. stop Cgo D.run 7.A.road 8. way C. path D. travel 8. A. crossroad 8. direction roundabout D. intersection 9.A. far 8. near . walk D. round 10.A. place 8. playground C. hospital D. station Exercise 3. Reorder the letters to make correct words, then match them with their meanings. A B ‘A. a strap attached to a seat to keep you secure ina vehide B. to take care and pay attention to avoid trouble C. with many rough or raised parts on a surface €. a path for people to walk along, especially one in the countryside D. apath with ahard surface, usually by the side of a road,E. @ path with @hard surface, usually by the side of a road 6.¥-B-U-P-M F. to suddenly move quickly or to hurry > 7. -0-T-F.0-AP-T | G.a punishment in which a person is ordered to pay 2 sum of money because > they have done something illegal or broken a rule B.EUECLRA | H. the movement of vehicles such as ships, cars, planes in an area, along a > street, through an air lane or over a water route, etc. 9. INE Ia strong, hard hat that covers and protects the head > 10. H-S-UR J. a statement that say what a person is and isn't allowed to do > Il. GRAMMAR Exercise 1. Put the words below into the correct verb group. aboat acar a plane a ship a horse atruck 2 motorbike ‘a skateboard 2 bike avan ebus 2 camel a train ‘a helicopter a taxi Ride Fly Drive Sail 2. Complete sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. take drive getin sail get out of get on ride get off fly board 1. I think we should the bus more often to protect the environment. 2. Before the train, passengers have to buy and show their tickets. 3. Tourists on vac ion began tothe ship.4. Jane used to her bike to school when she was a student. 5. My children usually a boat around the river in our hometown on summer holiday. 6. The drunk man a taxi so fast that he caused an accident last night. 7. The FAA requires 1500 hours for a pilot to a plane. It can be earned in two years. 8. After buying cup of coffee, the man the van and drove away. 9. Mandy stopped and the car to take some nice sunset photos. 10. As it is reported, the G23 plane was landing. Passengers__ airport area. 3. Write sentences, using the cuss given. Example: How far/your house/your oifice/ 5 kilometres/ go/ motorbike, ‘A: How far is it from your house to your office? B: It's (about) § kilometres. ‘A: How do you go there? B: Igo there by motorbike How far/ Earth/ the Moon/ 238855 miles/ astronauts / travel/ spacecraft A A: . How far/her school/ the cinema/1 kilometre / go/ bus. 1 B: B A B: A B: 2. 3, - What / distance /your grandfather's house/ the campsite/ 40 kilometres/go/ car. inh City/213 7 kilometres/ people/ go/plane.A B: 5. What / distance/ his house/ his school/ 500 metres/ go/ foot. 4. Complete sentences with a suitable word. 2. A: How is it from Noi Bai airport to the city centre? is about 25 kilometres. : Itis not very. is just 400 metres. 8: 2A: it far from your office to the restaurant? 8: 3. A: Whatiis the between your apartment and the nearest shopping mall? : 200 metres. It’s very convenient, . A: How does it take from here to West Lake? It about 30 minutes by bike. . A: Could you tell me the distance Hanoi and Ca Mau? : Is about 2012 How long itis! As Is it very from Da Lat to Nhe Trang? A: Do you know how far it is from here Hanoi Railway Station? B: 4. B: 5 8: 6. 8: No, the between these two places is nearly 134 kilometres. 7 B:I'm not so I think it is about 9 kilometres. 8. A: Does it take about 3 hours from Ha Noi to Hai Phong: bus? B: No, it takes shorter. It takes hour and a half. 9. A: How long does it from your house to the swimming pool? B: Just 10 minutes I mean | go there on foot. 10. : What is the distance between Hoan Kiem Lake Hanoi Opera House? B: Not too far. Just 1 kilometre, so you can go. bike. Exer ns about distance and time. 5. Make que: 1. It's 10 kilometres from my house to Vinhomes Ocean Park. - How- What 2. Ittakes 15 ~ How tutes from my school to the football pitch. 3. It took 2 hours to travel to Phu Quoc. - How 4, It's nearly 90 kilometres from here to my grandmother's house. - How = What 5.t's2 - How lometres to get to work from his apartment by motorbike. Exercise 6. Complete the sentences using SHOULD or SHOULDN'T. 1.You stop and look both ways when you cross the road. 2.We walk on the paths. 3. People use mobile phones while driving 4. If you get lost ina big city, you ask a policeman for help. 5. People eat healthy food. 6. You look so tired. You work too hard! 7. Children watch TV too much! 8. When people are travelling by plane, they wear comfortable clothes. 9. Customers keep their personal belongings when going to a shop, 10. Drivers drive for hours and hours without stopping. Exercise 7. Complete the traffic rules with CAN, MUST or MUSTN'T. 2You go ahead. 2. You _ park|3.You____enter here. here4. You be careful with | 5. You turn | 6. Cydists enter. the train. right. 7. You fasten your | 8. You tum left. | 9. You make a U- seatbelt turn Exercise 8. Complete sentences with a suitable preposition. 1. My brother and | usually goto school___foot because we live near school. 2. How faris it your school to your house? I got the bus and ran into the museum. . We met Jake our way home from work. . Did he use to go to work his car? . You can take the train to travel SaPa. Nowa Last week, we went to Hue a plane. 8. We were stuck a traffic jam for hours. 9. Thai people drive the left-hand side the road, 10. t's the law to drive drunk. Therefore, you should take a taxi instead. Exercise 9. Circle the best answers.1. We should wait for the traffic lights before we cross the street A. turn green 8. turn red Ctoturngreen —_D. toturn red 2. Why do we have to the seatbelt on @ plane? A. tight 8. fasten C loose D.roll 3. Don’t forget to give a before you turn left or right. A. signal 8. signature sign D. signing 4. Lused to go to school my bike, It’s a good way to keep fit. A.by 8. off Gon D. with 5. The driver of the car stop for children to cross at the zebra crossing. Aven 8. can’t C mustr’t D. must 6. Road users must traffic rules strictly. A hear B. obey C follow D. B&C are correct 7. The legal age in Vietnam is 18 years old. A. drove 8. driving Cdrive D. driven 8. Public in Vietnam is good and cheap. A. transport 8. means C. vehicles D.car 9. People usually get In a traffic jam during the rush hour every day. A. excited 8. annoyed C. trapped D. stuck 10. Underpasses and footbridges for__to avoid the heavy traffic and stay safe. A. cyclists 8. pedestriens children D. road users 11. How ist from here to the nearest bus stop? A. long 8. often far D. much 12. Now there are more traffic than there used to be in this city. A. accident 8. accidents C. accidental D. accidentally 13. Is it possible to go to Phan Thi motorbike? ‘A.on 8. by Gin Dat 14. Yesterday my parents round West Lake. It took them an hour. A. cycle 8. cycles C.cyeled D. cycling15. It's such a nice day! Why don’t we A. tide 8. sail 16. You should Ase 8. to look 17. The airport is not far AX 8. from 18. Slow down now! The A.drivinglicence 8. road sign 19. Teaching children the road A. safety 8. safe 20. Excuse me! You aren't allowed a boat for some fresh air’ fly D. drive right and left when you go across the roads. C.tosee D. look the hotel. cto Dat on this road is 60 mph. C. speed limit D. traffic jam so important for their development. A. park 8. to park: Exercise 10. Find and correct the mistakes. c. saving D. save your car here, sir! C. parking D. parks 1. How far does it take from Ho Chi Minh City to Hue by car? . They flew to London by plane last Sunday. . Is Joe goto work by bus? ale]. - You shouldn’t wear a helmet when cycling. . Children can play football in the street. You mustn't stop when the light turns red. ~ Everyone must to obey the traffic rules, Why don’t we go to the zoo by foot since it’s not too far? »°] =] ~) 9] 2 Do I should drive to Ha Giang Province alone? 10. You don’t must reverse on the highway. I, READING Exercise 1. Read the passage and choose the best answers. Richard Ryan is stuck in traffic. There must (1) an accident somewhere up ahead because he's been sitting in the same spot for the last few minutes, The cars aren't moving at all. It looks like it's going to be another slow commute, even though he (2) his house early to beet the traffic. If the cars don't start to move soon, Richard will be late for a very important meeting.He has to meet with some lawyers who are advising his company on a construction project. Richard is the president of a big company. If he's late, he won't get (3)__ trouble, but he hates to be late for anything. Sergey Is stuck in the same traffic jam, and he's headed to the same meeting that Richard is going to. He's worried (4) being late, so he gets out his cell phone and calls one of his coworkers to tell her that traffic is (5) Sergey doesn't know that his boss, Richard, is in the same traffic jam. If he knew that, he wouldn't be so tense, LA.be B.tobe C.being Duis 2.4. left B. leaves Cleave D. leaving 3. A. with B. of Cin D.on 4.Aat B. of C.about D. in| 5. A. well B. good C. badly D. bad Exercise 2. Read then decide whether the following sentences are True (T) or False (F). Someone really should do something about the traffic. It’s terrible. It's getting worse every day. There are so many cars on the roads these days. It's a nightmare driving in the city. Bumper to bumper even at midnight. | don’t know where all this traffic came from. The answer must be to get better public transport. Let people take the train or bus. People need to leave their cars at home. The roads are too dangerous. And then there’s the pollution. It's disgusting outside sometimes. You feel like you're breathing pure fumes. We need to get rid of these traffic jams so we can move and breathe more easily. Statements True (T) False (F) 1. The traffic is terrible. 2. There aren’t many cars on the roads these days. 3. People should commute by train or by bus. 4. It's safe for road users to drive. 5. The heavy traffic causes pollution. 3. Read the passage carefully and answer the questions. The short story of traffic lights Garrett Augustus Morgan was born on 4th March 1877 in Kentucky (USA) and died on 27th August 1963 in Cleveland, Ohio (USA). He was an African-American inventor. His inventions madepeople's lives safer and more convenient. In 1877, Garrett A. Morgan was born to a poor African-American family. When he was 14 he left school and went to work. He didn’t have much education but he was very imaginative. He taught everything himself. Morgan worked in 2 sewing machine shop. He got Interested in machines. He always looked for better ways to do things. In 1901, Morgan invented a special belt for sewing machines. He sold the idea for $150. But this was only the beginning. Morgan invented many things. In 1914, Morgan invented a helmet to protect miners and firefighters from smoke and gas. He won 2 gold medal for this invention Morgan looked for other problems to solve. Cars were very popular in the USA at that time. The streets were crowded with cars, so there were many accidents. Morgan had an idea about a light at each street comer. The light tells the cars to stop or go. He invented a timer that automatically changed the light. Cities all over the country wanted to have Morgan's traffic lights but he couldn’t produce enough of them. In the 1920s, he sald his invention ta the General Electrie Company and got $40,000. This was a large amount of money for that time. 1. Where was Garrett A. Morgan born? 2. What was his first invention? 3. What did he invent in 1914? 4, What did he win for this invention? 5. Why did Morgan sell his invention - the traffic light, to the General Electric Company? VI. WRITING 1. Reorder the words to make correct sentences. [the /lights. / car Exer 1. crashed / into / John’s / trat 2. this / can't /in / fast / You / drive / area. 3. a/ jam. Ithis / to / morning came / class / Ryan / because / traffic / was / stuck / late / he /in4. my / cinema /The / and / distance / between /2 / kilometres. / is / the / nearest / house/about 5. my /ride / often / work. / me / It / to / motorbike / to / takes / 20 / minutes 6. is / supermarket? / How / the /it / far / house / to / her / from 7. How / Da Nang / you / from / long / does /to / take / Thai Binh? /it 8. on / foot. / to / used / to / Trung / school / go 9. on /if / pavement. / Walk / of / right-hand / the / side / is / no / there / road / the 10. or / three /more. / You / shouldn't / of / two, / row / ride / a / in Exercise 2. Rewrite the following sentences based on the given words. 1. It's a good idea to bringa city map with you. (should) 2. What about cycling to school tomorrow? (bike) 3. What does that road sign mean? (meaning) 4. He spends 15 minutes walking to work every day. (takes) 5. We travelled to Con Dao by plane last week. (flew) 6. How faris it from the bookshop to the amusement park? (between) 7. Cyclists should use the horn before turning, (better) 8. It's against the law to drive when the traffic ight turns red. (must)9. Take the first turning on the right, and then go past the bus stop. (Turn) 10. It's bad for you to talk on the phone while driving. (shouldn’t)