MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION, MUMBAI

A Project Report
On
“SOUND DETECTOR”

DIPLOMA
In
ELECTRONIS &COMPUTER ENGINEERING
Submitted by
MR. VIJAY RAJENDRA NILAVE
MR.MARUTI KRUSHNA PATIL
MR. SURAJ SAGAR WAGHARALKAR

MR.SUMIT DATTATARY BALEKUNDARI

MR. ISHWER MAHESH BUCCHE
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

MR.H.A.Panari

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS &COMPUTER ENGINEERING

SANT GAJANAN MAHARAJ RURAL POLYTECHNIC, MAHAGAON
ACADEMIC YEAR 2022-2023
 ANT GAJANAN MAHARAJ RURAL HOSPITAL &RESEARCH CENTER, MAHAGAON
“SANT GAJANAN MAHARAJ RURAL POLYTECHNIC”
A/P –MAHAGAON, SITE –CHINCHEWADI, TAL-GADHINGLAJ, DIST-KOLHAPUR

Certificate
This is to that the following students of THIRD semester of Diploma in ELECTRONICS
&COMPUTER ENGINEERING of Institute SANT GAJANAN MAHARAJ RURAL
POLYTECHNIC,MAHAGAON-416503. (CODE-0965) has completed Micro project “SOUND
DETECTOR” satisfactory in subject AMI subject Code 22391 academic year 2022to 2023as
prescribed in the curriculum.

ROLL NO ENROLLMENT NO SEAT NO STUDENT NAME

15 2109650191 MR. VIJAY RAJENDRA NILAVE

19 2109650195 MR.MARUTI KURSHNA PATIL

20 2109650196 MR. SURAJ SAGAR WAGHARALKAR

52 2209650457 MR. SUMIT DATTATARY BALEKUNDAR

64 2209650468 MR. ISHWER MAHESH BUCCHE

DATE: - -2022 PLACE: MAHAGAON

Mr.M.P.Patil Mr.D.B.Kesti
(Project Guide) (Head of Department) (Principle)
 INDEX

Sr.No Content Name/Title Page No

1.
Intro
ductn
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
 INTRODUCTION:

Design modeling in software engineering represents the

features of the software that helps engineer to develop it effectively,
the architecture, the user interface, and the component level detail.
Design modeling provides a variety of different views of the
system like architecture plan for home or building.
Software design encompasses the set of principles,
concepts,and practices that lead to the development of a high-
quality system or product.
Design modeling provides a variety of different views of the
system like architecture plan for home or building. Different
methods like data-driven, pattern-driven, or object-oriented
methods are used for constructing the design model. All these
methods use set of design principles for designing a model.
 Translating Requirement/Analysis Model Into Design
Model:

Analysis model operates as a link between the 'system

description' and the 'design model'.
In the analysis model, information, functions and the
behaviour of the system is defined and these are translated into the
architecture, interface and component level design in the 'design
modeling'.

Elements of the analysis model:

1. Scenario based element

 This type of element represents the system user point of view.
 Scenario based elements are use case diagram, user stories.

2. Class based elements

 The object of this type of element manipulated by the system.
 It defines the object,attributes and relationship.
 The collaboration is occurring between the classes.
 Class based elements are the class diagram, collaboration
diagram.

3. Behavioral elements
 Behavioral elements represent state of the system and how it is
changed by the external events.
 The behavioral elements are sequenced diagram, state diagram.
4. Flow oriented elements
 An information flows through a computer-based system it gets
transformed.
 It shows how the data objects are transformed while they flow
between the various system functions.
 The flow elements are data flow diagram, control flow diagram.

1. Data/class design

2. Architectural design

3. Interface design

4. Component design
1. Data/class design:

It transforms the structural elements of the software

architecture into a procedural description of software components.
It is a perfect way to share a large amount of data. Components
need not be concerned with how data is managed at a centralized
level i.e. components need not worry about issues like backup and
security of the data.

2. Architectural design:

It defines the relationship between major structural elements

of the software. It is about decomposing the system into interacting
components. It is expressed as a block diagram defining an
overview of the system structure – features of the components and
how these components communicate with each other to share data.
It defines the structure and properties of the component that are
involved in the system and also the inter-relationship among these
components.

3.Interface design:

It represents how the Software communicates with the user i.e.

the behavior of the system. It refers to the product where user
interact with controls or displays of the product. For example,
Military, vehicles, aircraft, audio equipment, computer peripherals
are the areas where user interface design is implemented. UI design
becomes efficient only after performing usability testing. This is
done to test what works and what does not work as expected. Only
after making the repair, the product is said to have an optimized
interface.
4.Component design:

It transforms the structural elements of the software

architecture into a procedural description of software components.
It is a perfect way to share a large amount of data. Components
need not be concerned with how data is managed at a centralized
level i.e. components need not worry about issues like backup and
security of the data.
 Principles of Design Model:
 Design must be traceable to the analysis model:
Analysis model represents the information, functions, and
behavior of the system. Design model translates all these things
into architecture.
 Always consider architecture of the system to be built:
Software architecture is the skeleton of the system to be built.
It affects interfaces, data structures, behavior, program control
flow.
 Focus on the design of the data:
Data design encompasses the manner in which the data objects
are realized within the design. It helps to simplify the program flow,
makes the design and implementation of the software components
easier.
 User interfaces should consider the user first:
The user interface is the main thing of any software. No
matter how good its internal functions are or how well designed its
architecture is but if the user interface is poor and end-users don’t
feel ease to handle the software then it leads to the opinion that the
software is bad.

 Components should be loosely coupled:

Coupling of different components into one is done in many ways
like via a component interface, by messaging, or through global
data. As the level of coupling increases, error propagation also
increases, and overall maintainability of the software decreases.
Therefore, component coupling should be kept as low as possible.
 Interfaces both user and internal must be designed:
The data flow between components decides the processing
efficiency, error flow, and design simplicity. A well-designed
interface makes integration easier and tester can validate the
component functions more easily.

 Component level design should exhibit Functional

independence:
It means that functions delivered by component should be
cohesive i.e. it should focus on one and only one function or sub-
function.
Concepts of data modeling:
The process of analysis of data objects and their
relationships to other data objects is known as data modeling.Data
models defines how data is connected to each other and how they
are processed and stored inside the system.
The data model provides a way to describe the design of
database at the physical,logical and view levels.

 Following are Data objects:

 Entity(Data object):
An entity is nothing but a thing having its own
properties.These properties help to differentiate the object(Entity)
from other objects.
 There are two types of entities in Database management system:
I. Strong Entity or Regular Entity:
If an entity having its own key attribute specified then it is a
strong entity.Strong entity is denoted by a single rectangle.

II. Weak Entity:

The entity which does not have any key attribute is known as
Weak entity.Weak entity is denoted by a double rectangle.

 Data Attributes
An attribute is a characteristics of an Entity.All attributes
have their own specific values. Each of the data object has a set of
attributes.
 Example:
The entity student has attribute like
student_id,student_name,Email_id,Contact_id.

Student

Student_ID Contact_ID

Name Email_I

 There are five different types of attributes:

Types Of Attributes

1.Single-valued attribute

2.Multi-valued attribute

3.Simple attribute

4.Composite attribute

5.Derived attribute

1) Single-valued attribute:
A single valued attribute is the attribute which can hold a
single value for the single entity.
2) Multi-valued attribute:
A Multi-valued attribute is the attribute which can hold a
multiple value for the single entity.

3) Simple attribute:
An attribute whose value cannot be further divided is known
as simple attribute.

4) Composite attribute:
The composite attribute are the attribute which can be further
divided into sub parts is known as composite attribute.

5) Derived attribute:
The attribute which is not physically exist in database,but its
value can be calculated from the other present attributes is known
as derived attribute

 Relationship:
The association between two different entities is called as
relationship.
 The Degree of relationships:

Degree of Relationship

1.Unary Relationship

2.Binary Relationship

3.Ternary Relationship

4.Quaternary Relationship
1) Unary Relationship:
A unary relationship is also known as recursive
relationship in which an entity relates with itself.
 Example:-

A person can be in the relationship with another

person,such as:
- A women who can be someone’s mother.
- A person that is a someone's child.

Is In
relation

Person

2) Binary Relationship:
In this case the degree of relation is two.A binary
relationship exist only when there is relation between only two
entities.
 Example:-

A teacher teaches student.In this teacher and student are

two different entities which are connected with each other via
relation Teaches.

Teacher Teaches Student

3) Ternary Relationship:
A ternary relationship exist when there are relation between
three entities.In ternary relation the degree of relation is six.
 Example:-

A person can be a student and a person also can be

teacher.Here teacher,student and person are three entities
which are related to each other.

Person

Student Teaches Teacher