In the Name of God

Name: Iman Maydani

Grade:Nine
Number of sessions: four
Title of the lesson: The Passive Overview
Skill: Grammar
Pages: 225---236
Date: Wed.,Thu.,Sat.,Jan.30,31,+Feb.2,2019

A. Follow-up Activity

Homework correction

B. Learning Outcomes
1- Identify active and passive voice sentences
2- Identify the different uses of the passive voice
3- Change active statements into passive and vice versa
4- Change active questions with active verb forms into passive

Teaching-Aids: extra sheets, transparency, OHP

Lead-in( 10 m.)
_Stand in front of your class. Drop a pen on the floor. Ask your students to tell you what has
just happened and ask them to begin the sentence with your name. Someone should be able to say:

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“Ms. Iman dropped a pen on the floor.” Write this sentence on the board. Ask students to identify
the subject and the verb in this sentence; they should say the subject is “Ms. Iman” and it’s the doer
of the action, and that the verb is “dropped”. Repeat the action - Introduce the active voice

_Drop your pen on the floor one more time. Tell your students that you’ll tell them what has just
happened, but this time your sentence will begin with, “The pen…” Go to the board and write, “The
pen was dropped on the floor.” Ask your students to identify the subject; they should say it is the
“pen” and it not the doer; it is the receiver of the action. Ask them to identify the verb; they should
say it is “was dropped”. Compare the two sentences:
Teaching Steps:( 40 m.)

● Point to the first sentence and ask if the subject is doing the action. They should say it

is. Make sure they understand that the subject is the agent, the one responsible for
carrying out the action.

● Point to the second sentence and ask if the subject is doing the action. They should

answer it isn’t. Make sure they understand that the subject is the receiver, the one
receiving the action.

● Compare the verb forms. Ask students what tense they see in the first example. They

should recognize the past simple. Show students what happens in the second
sentence: the verb of be is used in the past tense (“was”) with the past participle, in
this case “dropped”.

● Write the following sentences on the board:

Someone stole my bike.

Ask students about the position of the subject and the object.
Someone (subject) bike (object)

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Now, in case I want to focus on the act itself or on the receiver of the action, how would the
form be changed?
Example: My bike was stolen.
Then, have students figure the difference in meaning between these two sentences.

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Inform students that passive voice is used when the focus is on the action or the receiver of
the action. It is also used when the agent is not important or not known.
In the example above, the focus is on the fact that my bike was stolen. I do not know,
however, who did it.
Sometimes a statement in passive is more polite than active voice, as the following example
shows:
Example: A mistake was made.
In this case, I focus on the fact that a mistake was made, but I do not blame anyone (e.g. You
have made a mistake.).

Form of Passive

The Form of the passive sentence: The receiver of the action+ be + past participle of verb + by
+ agent.

The agent is the person or thing that does the action.

The receiver is the person or thing that receives the action.

Example: A letter was written.

When rewriting active sentences in passive voice, note the following:

▪ the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence

▪ the form of the verb is changed ( form of be + past participle)

▪ The subject of the active sentence becomes the noun of the by phrase (or is

dropped).

Then, copy the following chart on the board, and have students help in filling it.(Display it on
transparency)

▪ Examples of Passive :

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 Tense Forms of the Passive

Active Passive

Tense Subject Verb Object Subject Be Pastpartici By+

ple Agent

simple present Rita writes a letter. A letter Is written by Rita.

(agent) (receiver
present progressive is writing A letter is being written
)
present perfect has written A letter has been written

simple past wrote A letter was written

past progressive was writing A letter was being written

past perfect had written A letter had been written

Future: will will write A letter will be written

Future: be going to is going to A letter is going to be written

write

Then, explain for students that now it’s about time to change the sentences from passive to active and
from active to passive. Ask them to follow the chart that was displayed before and direct them
to the guidelines of changing the tenses and exchanging the places of the subject and object.
Then give them examples:

- Harry ate six pies at dinner. (active)

At dinner, six pies were eaten by Harry. (passive)

- The savannah is roamed by beautiful giraffes. (passive)

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- Beautiful giraffes roam the savannah. (active)

- Sue changed the flat tire. (active)

The flat tire was changed by Sue. (passive)

- A movie is going to be watched by us tonight. (passive)

We are going to watch a movie tonight. (active)

- I ran the obstacle course in record time. (active)

The obstacle course was run by me in record time. (passive)

The entire stretch of highway was paved by the crew.(passive)

The crew paved the entire stretch of highway. (active)

Note: Inform students before solving sheet 2 that if a sentence does not contain a phrase
beginning with by, you have to use logic to find the doer of the action:

The crime will be solved quickly.

Solved by whom? By the police. Then police is the doer of the action:

The police will solve the crime quickly.

Step Two

Teaching step :(40min)

Recall with students the rules of changing the sentences from active to passive and to change the
statements into into Yes/No questions and give some examples.(Display the following charts on
a transparency)

Present Simple Tense (passive Voice)

Auxiliary verb in passive voice: am/is/are
Active voice:. Passive voice:

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 A song is sung by him.
He does not sing a song. Does he sing a
A song is not sung by him.
song?
Is a song sung by him?

Present Continuous Tense (passive Voice)

Auxiliary verb in passive voice: am being/is being/are being
Active voice: Passive voice:
I am writing a letter A letter is being written by me.
I am not writing a letter. A letter is not being written by me.
Am I writing a letter? Is a letter being written by me?

Present Perfect Tense (passive Voice)

Auxiliary verb in passive voice: has been/have been
Active voice: Passive voice:
She has finished his work Her work has been finished by her.
She has not finished her work. Her work has not been finished by her.
Has she finished her work? Has her work been finished by her?

Past Simple Tense (passive Voice)

Auxiliary verb in passive voice: was/were
Active voice: Passive voice:
I killed a snake A snake was killed by me.
I did not kill a snake. A snake was not killed by me.
Did I kill a snake? Was a snake killed by me?

Past Continuous Tense (Passive Voice)

Auxiliary verb in passive voice: was being/were being
Active voice: Passive voice:
He was driving a car. A car was being driven by him.
He was not driving a car. A car was not being driven by him.
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 Was he driving a car? Was a car being driven by him?

Past Perfect Tense (Passive Voice)

Auxiliary verb in passive voice: had been
Active voice: Passive voice:
They had completed the The assignment had been completed by
assignment. them.
They had not completed the The assignment had not been complete by
assignment. them.
Had they completed the Had the assignment been completed by
assignment? them?

Future Simple Tense (Passive Voice)

Auxiliary verb in passive voice: will be
Active voice: Passive voice:
She will buy a car. A car will be bought by her.
She will not buy a car. A car will not be bought by her.
Will she buy a car? Will a car be bought by her?

Future Perfect Tense (passive Voice)

Auxiliary verb in passive voice: will have been
Active voice: Passive voice:
You will have started the job. The job will have been started by you.
You will have not started the job. The job will not have been started by you.
Will you have started the job? Will the job have been started by you?

Then ask them to change the sentences on the board from active to passive using the type of
Yes/No Question.

Active voice: Did she recognize you?

Passive voice: Were you recognized by her?
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Active voice: Can the doctors cure it?
Passive voice: Can it be cured by the doctors?

Active voice: Have you invited them?

Passive voice: Have they been invited by you?

Active voice: Will you help the poor?

Passive voice: Will the poor be helped by you?

Step Three

Teaching Step : (20 m)

Show examples of wh- question in active voice and how to change them to passive.

Step Four:

Teaching Step : (20 m)

Remind students about the rules of changing sentences from active to passive:

PASSIVE VOICE FOR ALL TENSES RULES

● The places of subject and object in a sentence are inter-changed in passive voice.

● The form of verb is (Be + past participle) will be used in passive voice.

● Auxiliary verbs for each tense are given below in the table.

Note: The following tenses and verbs cannot be changed into passive voice.

1. Present perfect continuous tense

2. Past perfect continuous tense
3. Future continuous tense
4. Future perfect continuous tense

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 5. Sentence having Intransitive verbs

Passive voice for Present Modals like “CAN, MAY, MIGHT, SHOULD, MUST, OUGHT TO” and Past
Modals like “MAY HAVE, MIGHT HAVE, SHOULD HAVE, MUST HAVE, OUGHT TO HAVE”

Examples: You must wash silk by hand.

Silk must be washed by hand.

Hiba should not iron this shirt.

This shirt shouldn’t be ironed by Hiba.

They might have turned the electricity off.

The electricity might have been turned off.

Application☹20 m)
Review rules and do exercises 1 and 3 p;229,230,231

Formative Evaluation:( 30 m)
Apply rules by doing exercises in the extra sheets.

Assignment☹5 m)
HW Ex. 4,7,8 in the gram Book

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