Stage IV 1. Emphasis was not on creating big 1. Vaikunth Perumal temple of Kanchipuram ,
Built by the Pallava King
(Nandivarm temples but popularising the
an stage) Dravida style
2. Declining stage: only small temples
were created
Dravida 1. Pyramidal, or Kūtina-type, tower.
Style 2. Presence of Vimana.
3. Vimana also on the gateways
called Gopuram.
4. Necessary feature: water tank +
enclosed walls
5. Ardhamandap (entrance) in which
they place the image of
either Nandi or the flag of the
temple ‘dhwaj’.
6. Antaral
7. Dwarapala and Mithun: entrance
of Garbhagriha
8. Nartamandapa and Bhogmandap
9. Some follow Panchayatan style
10. Some have crucified ground plan
11. Cupola: finial
Vijayanagar 1. Amman shrine which is dedicated to 1. Virupeksha Temple of Hampi, (UNESCO WHS)
Temple the chief wife of the main god
2. Kalyana mandapam inside the
premise of the temple mean for
marriages.
3. Enlarged high enclosure walls and
more decoration on these high
enclosure walls and Gopuram’
4. Sculptures of supernatural horses
5. Temple pillars had a mythical
creature Yali engraved
6. Flat rectangular platforms known as
“Dibba” for ritual sacrifices
Nayaka 1. Amman shrine.
Temple(16t 2. Created many tallest
h - 18th Gopurams with
Cent.) very high vimanas on them
3. Presence of huge corridors known
as “Parakram”.
4. Water tank in this style is created
inside the boundary of the temple
and it is known as "Pushkaram".
ART AND CULTURE Page 4
1.
2. Mukteshwara temple, Bhuvneshwar Nandivarman II in the late
7th or early 8th century.
2. Built by King Yayati I of the
Somavamshi Dynasty 1.
between 950–975 CE
2.
1. Brihadeshwara Temple Thanjore -> Chola Temple 1. Built by Rajaraja Chola I in
2. Gangaikonda Cholapuram , AD 1010)
3. Laxmi Narayani Golden Temple (Vellore), 2. Built by son of Rajaraja,
4. Shore Temple at Mahabalipuram (earliest surviving - Rajendra Chola in 1025)
700 CE). 3. Built by the Vellore-based
charitable trust, Sri
Narayani Peedam, in 2007.
4. Built in the 8th century CE
by Narasimhavarman II,
also known as Rajasimha 1.
2.
3.
4.
1. Built in 1510 AD by Lakkan
2. Veerbhadra temple of Lepakshi (AP)- Jatayu fell here Dandesha, a chieftain
under the Vijayanagara
Empire's Deva Raya II.
1.
2. Built in 1530 AD (1540 AD is
also mentioned) by
Virupanna Nayaka and
Viranna , both brothers
who were Governors under
the Vijayanagar Empire
during the reign of King
Achyuta Deva Raya, at
Penukonda who were
native to Karnataka. 2.
1. Sri Ranganath Swamy temple of Srirangam, 1. Built by the Chola ruler,
2. Meenakshi-Sundareswara temple of Madurai, Dharmavarma during
Meenakshi Temple (parakrams) Vijayanagara period.
3. Brihadeshwar temple 2. Built by the Pandya King
4. Veerbhadra temple Sadayavarman Kulasekaran 1.
I (1190-1205).