(a) Study Source A.

Why did Lee Kuan Yew make this comment? Explain your answer. [6]

Source A: Excerpt from Lee Kuan Yew’s series of local radio broadcasts in 1961.

For 140 years we have grown, developed and prospered because we [Singapore] bought and sold for the
Federation. Through Singapore, they imported what they wanted from the outside world. Through
Singapore they sold their rubber and tin. The artificial division at the Causeway is a temporary one. It is
only a matter of time before it is swept aside.

The source was published to convince/influence/persuade

(purpose word) the voters in Singapore (audience) that merger
with the Federation was necessary because of the closely
connected economies of the two countries (message). Lee Kuan
Yew was hoping that Singaporeans will see the issue of merger
like how the PAP sees it and vote (outcome – feel/think) for their
version of merger during the referendum (outcome – do). This is
evident from ‘through Singapore, they imported what they
wanted from the outside world. Through Singapore they sold
their rubber and tin’ (evidence).
(b) Study Source B.

What is the purpose of the source? Explain your [6]

answer.
The purpose of the source is to convince (purpose word) the voters in
Singapore (audience) that the oppositions were going to harm Singapore
if they were to rule Singapore (message). By discrediting the oppositions,
this would sway the opinions of the voters against the oppositions
(outcome – feel/think) and instead cast their votes for the PAP (outcome
– do). This is evident from how the person in the first box is holding an
object which symbolizes Singapore and presents it to the Communists
like a gift. The person who is smartly dressed in the middle box is also
seen giving money to two hooded guys. On a contrasting note, the PAP’s
box shows infrastructure projects under the Malaysia banner (evidence).
 (c) Study Sources C and D.

How similar are the two sources? Explain your answer. [6]

Source C: An account by a historian on Singapore’s situation before merger.

PAP’s dedication to merger was tied up with the problem of security. For several years,
strikes, riots and civil disorder had been common in Singapore. Communist activities had
increased substantially over the past few years. This was distressing to the PAP.
Potential investment would be discouraged by the labour unrest in Singapore. It was felt
that association with the larger Federation would provide for Singapore political stability
to attract needed investment.

Source D: An account by a historian on the merger in 1963.

Malaya’s security was safeguarded as long as Singapore remained a British colony. The
British presence made the possibility of the Communists taking control of Singapore slim.
If Singapore became independent of British rule, then Malaya’s security would be
threatened. Unless Singapore merged with a larger anti-Communist Malaya, it could
become a base from which the Malayan communists could attack Malaya.
BOC Both Source C and Source D share a similar perspective
regarding the benefits of the merger.
I Source C highlights that merging with the larger Federation
would offer Singapore political stability, which, in turn,
would attract the necessary investment.

E This is evident in Source C which states, “association with

the larger Federation would provide for Singapore political
stability to attract needed investment.”

E This suggests that merger would bring about stability in

Singapore, leading to an environment conducive to
attracting investment.
I Likewise, Source D supports the idea that merging with a
larger anti-Communist entity like Malaya would prevent
Singapore from becoming a base for Malayan communists
to launch attacks on Malaya.

E This is evident in Source C which states, “Unless

Singapore merged with a larger anti-Communist Malaya, it
could become a base from which the Malayan communists
could attack Malaya.’

E This implies that merger was a measure to curb unrest in

Singapore and secure both Singapore and Malaya from
potential security threats.
BOC Both Source C and Source D present different in terms of
the reasons for the necessity of the merger.
I Source C tells us that the primary need for the merger was
driven by economic factors.
E This is evident in Source C which states that "potential
investment would be discouraged by the labour unrest in
Singapore."
E
This suggests/means that economic concerns was the
main reason behind the merger as the concern was about
attracting investment in Singapore.
I On the other hand, Source D emphasizes security
concerns as the primary reason for the merger.

E This is evident in Source D which states , "if Singapore

became independent of British rule, then Malaya's security
would be threatened."

E This suggests/means that security concerns was the main

reason for the merger as without the British to defend
Singapore, Singapore could easily be taken over by
communist forces.