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8
1. Izračunati ⌡⌡
5
Rešenje:
§ 8· 8 ⋅ 7 ⋅ 6 ⋅ 5 ⋅ 4 8 ⋅ 7 ⋅ 6 ⋅ 5 ⋅ 4
¨¨ ¸¸ = = = 56
© 5¹ 5! 5 ⋅ 4 ⋅ 3 ⋅ 2 ⋅1
Takođe je:
§ 8· 8!
¨¨ ¸¸ = = 56
© 5 ¹ 5!⋅ (8 − 5)!
5 5 6
2. Pokazati da je + =
3 4 4
Rešenje:
§ n · § n · § n + 1·
Koristeći formulu ¨¨ ¸¸ + ¨¨ ¸¸ = ¨¨ ¸¸ dolazimo do rešenja.
© ¹ ©
k k + 1 ¹ © k + 1 ¹
5 5 5 + 1 6
U ovom slučaju n = 5, k = 3 pa je ⌡⌡ + ⌡⌡ = ⌡⌡ = ⌡⌡
3
3 + 1 3 + 1 4
3. Razviti po binomnoj formuli ( x + 2 )5 .
Rešenje:
n n
§ ·
Koristimo (a + b )n = ∑ ¨¨ ¸¸ ⋅ a n− k ⋅ b k
k =0 © k ¹
5 5 0 5 4 1 5 3 2 5 2 3 5 1 4 5 0 5
(x + 2)5 = ⋅ x ⋅ 2 + ⋅ x ⋅ 2 + ⋅ x ⋅ 2 + ⋅ x ⋅ 2 + ⋅ x ⋅ 2 + ⋅ x ⋅ 2 =
0 1 2 3 4 5
= x 5 + 10 x 4 + 40 x 3 + 80 x 2 + 80 x + 32
6
1
4. Razviti po binomnoj formuli x − .
x
Rešenje:
6
§ 1· 6 4 2 1 1 1
¨ x − ¸ = x − 6 x + 15 x − 20 + 15 ⋅ 2 − 6 ⋅ 4 + 6
© x¹ x x x
9
3
5. Odrediti peti član razvoja stepena binoma ⌡ 2 x − 2 po binomnoj formuli.
x
Rešenje:
n
Opšti član binomne formule u razvijenom obliku: Tk +1 = ⌡⌡ ⋅ a n −k ⋅ b k
k
U ovom slučaju je k + 1 = 5 k = 4 i n = 9 .
4
9 − 3 1
T5 = ⌡⌡ ⋅ (2 x )9−4 ⋅ ⌡ 2 = 9 ⋅ 7 ⋅ 2 6 ⋅ 3 4 ⋅ 3
4 x x
12
3 2
6. Odrediti redni broj člana (k ) u razvijenom obliku binoma ⋅ 3 a 2 + a
4 3
7
koji sadrži činilac a .
Rešenje:
n = 12
n
Tk +1 = ⌡⌡ ⋅ a n −k ⋅ b k
k
( a ) ⋅( a)
3 2
12 − k k
= a 7 sređivanjem dobijamo da je k = 6 k + 1 = 7 Tk +1 = T7 što
znači da sedmi član sadrži činilac a 7 .
6
4
7. Odrediti x , ako treći član razvoja ⌡ 2 ⋅ x 2 −1 + 4− x
ima vrednost 240.
4
Rešenje:
T3 = 240 k + 1 = 3 k = 2 i n = 6
n
Koristeći Tk +1 = ⌡⌡ ⋅ a n −k ⋅ b k dobijamo x = 2 .
k
n n n n n n
8. Izračunati ⌡⌡ + ⌡⌡ + ⌡⌡ + ⌡⌡ + + ⌡⌡ + ⌡⌡
0 1 2 3 n − 1 n
Rešenje:
n n n n n n
⌡⌡ + ⌡⌡ + ⌡⌡ + ⌡⌡ + + ⌡⌡ + ⌡⌡ = (1 + 1)n = 2 n
0 1 2 3 n − 1 n
n n n n n
9. Izračunati ⌡⌡ − ⌡⌡ + ⌡⌡ − ⌡⌡ + + (− 1)n ⌡⌡
0 1 2 3 n
Rešenje:
n n n n n
⌡⌡ − ⌡⌡ + ⌡⌡ − ⌡⌡ + + (− 1)n ⌡⌡ = (1 − 1)n = 0 n = 0
0 1 2 3 n