AUTOMATIC WATER PUMPING SYSTEM

A Report on Project Based Learning for Microprocessor and

Microcontroller Laboratory

B.Tech VI Semester
Autonomous (A2) Regulation

Submitted by

CH. PRASANNA - 19331A0432

KUMAR
CH. YAMINI - 19331A0433
CH. UTTAM - 19331A0434

Under the Guidance Of

Dr. H. SUDHA, M.Tech, Ph.D.
Dr. V. SUDANSHU SEKHAR BEHRA, M.Tech, Ph.D.

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

2020-2021
MVGR COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, CHINTALAVALASA(M)
Approved by AICTE, New Delhi Permanently Affiliated to JNTU, Kakinada.
Re-Accredited by NBA and NAAC ‘A ’grade, listed u/s 2(f) and 12(B) of the UG
Act 1956 Vijayaram Nagar Campus, Vizianagaram, Andhra Pradesh-535005.

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 ABSTRACT

Water scarcity is one among the most important global concerns. Water scarcity is
that the lack of water resources to satisfy water demand it can cause severe economic
crisis to a country and it has been observed by the experts that it is important global
risk.

More than two-thirds of this planet population lives under conditions of extreme
water scarcity for a more than of 30 days a year. Yet, those who have access to the
present precious resource always take it without any consideration. They’re very
irresponsible towards it.

There's alarming got to save water or our future generation will fight over water and
water scarcity are often an ignition to start out world war 3.So we have to form our
greatest efforts to save lots of water in tank and avoid overflowing and not waste it .
Hence, in this work, it is tried to design an automatic water tank level and pump
control system, which ensures several benefits.

The sensor devices used in our system detects and controls the water level in the
overhead tank and even in the pump. As per the level of water present in the overhead
tank, the sensor senses the levels and sends different signals and the signals are used
for switching ON and OFF the motor pump as per requirements. We can implement it
as controlling system by adding water pump to automatically pump when tank is
empty and stop pumping water if tank is full.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

S.NO CONTENTS PG.NO.

1 Abstract 2

2 Introduction 4

3 Components Required 5

4 Components Descriptions 5

5 Circuit Diagram 6

6 Flow Chart 7

7 Code 7

8 Hardware Design 9

9 Programming in Keil 10

10 Advantages 10

11 Applications 11

12 Result Analysis 11

13 Conclusion 11

14 References 12

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 INTRODUCTION

Water is life and we know for a fact that 70% of our planet is covered with water.
That makes it obvious to think that it will always be plentiful. However, only 3% of
the total water available is freshwater – which is fit for usage. The remaining amount
of water is either present in the form of glaciers or unavailable for our use. This
makes freshwater a very valuable resource.

People living in urban areas who have unlimited supply of water often fail to realize
the severity of water scarcity. Spending a day without water seems impossible to
them. Water overflowing and getting wasted is a very common occurrence. India
constitutes 16% of the total world population and just 4% of the total freshwater
reserves in the world. India’s urban population is expected to rise to 50% of the total
current population by 2050, according to projections by the UN. As such, the demand
from domestic sector in India over the next twenty years will increase from 25 billion
cubic meters to 52 billion cubic meters.

The above mentioned facts alarm our attention towards the urgent need to take
precautionary steps to save water. It is a necessity for us to conserve and control the
consumption of water for sustainable development of the country. This can be done at
individual level by installing systems that ensure that water flow is turned off once
container is completely filled.

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 COMPONENTS REQUIRED

1. Water tank
2. 8051 Microcontroller
3. Spdt relay
4. Capacitors
5. Resistor
6. Crystal
7. Magnetic sensor
8. Motor and pump
9. Rectifier circuit
10. BC547 transistor
11. Transformer
12. AN7805 voltage regulator

COMPONENTS DESCRIPTION

1. Transformer:-
To step down voltage from 230v to 12v(A.C).
2. Rectifier:-
Bridge rectifier is used to convert 12v ac into D.C.
3. Capacitor:-
To filter the rectifier output supply.
4. AN7805:-
To get regulated 5v dc supply for controller.
5. 8051(Microcontroller):-
To sense the position of magnetic sensor.
6. Crystal:-
It is use for controller operation.

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7. Magnetic sensor:-
It is just a switch . When magnet comes near it, the sensor switch will be close.
8. BC547(Transistor):-
It will the 12V D.C. current to the relay when it gets the signal from microcontroller.
9. SPDT relay:-
It will switch the motor when it gets the power from transistor.
10. Resistor:-
To limit the base current of BC547.
11. Motor and pump:-
To suck the water from the ground and send it for fill the water tank.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

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FLOW CHART

CODE

org 0000h
mov a,#00h
mov p0,a
mov p1,a ;set ‘0’ to all the pins
mov p2,a
mov p3,a
setb p1.0 ;switch1
setb p1.1 ;switch2
setb p1.2 ;switch3
setb p1.3 ;switch4
switch:
jnb p1.0,mode1 ;mode1=manual on off mode use on off switch switch 5
and switch 6

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jnb p1.1,mode2 ;mode2=automatic on off mode , use sensor upper and
sensor lower
jnb p1.2,mode3 ;mode3=compensating mode use middle sensor5
sjmp switch
mode1: setb p1.4 ;switch5 to on the motor
setb p1.5 ;switch6 for off the motor
jb p1.4,mode1
motoron: setb p2.0 ;on the motor
jb p1.5,motoron ;motor on till off preset
clr p2.0 ;stop the motor
clr p1.4
clr p1.5
sjmp mode1
mode2: setb p0.2 ;upper-level sensor
setb p0.3 ;middle-level sensor
setb p0.4 ;lower-level sensor
here: jnb p0.4,here ;monitor lower-level sensor
setb p2.0 ;start the motor
here1:jb p0.2,here1 ;monitor upper sensor
clr p2.0 ;stop the motor
clr p0.2
clr p0.3
clr p0.4
sjmp mode2
mode3:setb p0.3 ;set middle level sensor
here2:jnb p0.3,here2 ;monitor middle sensor
setb p2.0 ;start the motor
here3: jb p0.3,here3 ;monitor middle sensor
clr p2.0
clr p0.3
sjmp mode3
end

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HARDWARE DESIGN

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 PROGRAMMING IN KEIL

ADVANTAGES

1. Fully automatic service, so there is no need of mankind.

2. Low power consumption circuit.
3. Easy to construct.
4. Low coast.
5. Reliability.
6. Less chances of failure.

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APPLICATIONS

This system can be used anywhere, where water pump are used to fill the water tank.
For example-:
1. Residential buildings
2. Municipality water supply service
3. Industries

RESULT ANALYSIS

This project paper was meant to make a basic and low cost tank water pumping
system. It is often not just for indicating water tank level but also can be used in oil
factory for oil tank level and in chemical lab for monitoring any chemical tank. To
style this technique, we have made usage of an electrical component transistor and
specified materials for low cost.

First motivation to produce this water level indicator was to make the materials ready
to minimize the unnecessary wastage of precious source water or oil in oil factory.
Whole system controls the functioning of automated very efficient. So there is no
need in expert person or professional to work on it. It is not so costly and can be self
made by person in their home. This model has very much more scope for future
projects, research and development and human development. Though it's a project,
we hope some modification during the design can cause an inexpensive diversity of
usage and in many more application.

CONCLUSION

The water pumping is a very basic system to monitor and detect the water level and
pump in home or factory or Drainage systems. Implemented the project using 8051
and tested it and it worked perfectly as shown in figure and had done simulation in
proteus and verified it. It helps in conserving the water very efficient for our future
use. The main advantage of automatic water pumping system is that it’s very simple
and it can be low cost for developing and can be made by any person.

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REFERENCES

1. Anisha, Ankith R Menon, Archana Prabhakar, “Electronically controlled water

Flow Restrictor to limit the domestic wastage of water”, Department of
Electronics and Communication, Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bangalore,
India.
2. Eka Cahya Primaa, Siti Sarah Munifahab , Robby Salamb , Muhamad Haidzar
Azizb , Agustin Tia Suryanic, “Automatic Water Tank Filling System
Controlled using ArduinoTM based Sensor for Home Application”,
Department of Science Education, Faculty of Mathematics and Science
Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Engineering Physics
International Conference, EPIC 2016.
3. M. S. Godwin Premi and Jyotirupa Malakar,” AUTOMATIC WATER TANK
LEVEL AND PUMP CONTROL SYSTEM”, School of Electrical and
Electronics Engineering Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology,
Chennai, India- ICICCS 2019.

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