BFP- 03/2024 12.02.2024 - 01.03.

2024

PROJECT REPORT ON
RECYCLING OF WATER IN INDIAN RAILWAYS
Guide: Shri. PRAMOD GUPTA,
Sr. Prof. Electrical Engineering/NAIR

PARTICIPANTS
Shri. V.RAVI RAJU AOM/GNT/SCR
Shri. P.V. KONDAIAH AOM/BZA/SCR
Shri. P. MANIVANNAN ACM/MDU/SR
Shri. BABULAL MEENA ACMT/JUWS/NWR
Shri. VINAY KUMAR JHA AOM/MDZRTI/ER
Shri. G.S ANICHANDRAN AO/ED/SR
Shri. DEVENDRA MESHRAM ACM/RJT/WR
Shri. UDAY SHANKAR THAKUR ACM/HG/ER

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 CONTENTS

Particulars Page No.

1. Acknowledgement 3
2. Synopsis 4
3. Introduction 5
4. Present system 6
5. Data Collection 7
6. System Analysis 8
7. Proposed System 9
8. Benefits and limitations 10
9. Conclusion 11

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

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The task of this project work is challenging, interesting &

foremost need in Indian Railways. We are thankful to our Project

Guide Shri. Pramod Gupta, Sr. Prof, Electrical

Engineering/NAIR, and Course Director, Shri. Dipak Panchal,

Asst. Prof, Personnel Management for assigning this task to our

group. We sincerely express our gratitude to them for their

motivation, and imparting valuable guidance in making this

project.

SYNOPSIS

• Water is a scarce resource.

• Life depends on water and its conservation depends on us.
• Life without water is not possible. We need it for many things
including cleaning, cooking, using the washroom, and more.

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 Moreover, we need clean water to lead a healthy life. We can take
many steps to conserve water on a national level as well as an
individual level.

• Railways consumes very large quantity of water daily for various

purpose. SoIt is the duty of Railways to consume water judiciously,
and protect the mother nature, which can done by recycling the
water used by railways.

• This project is to throw light on how Railways can play a major

role, in conserving water, which is a precious resource by recycling.

INTRODUCTION

• Water covers 71 percent of Earth’s surface.

• Of all of the water on Earth, 97% is saltwater, leaving a mere 3%
as freshwater, approximately 1%, of which is readily available for
our use.
• The yearly water availability per person has decreased by 75% in
the 75 years after Independence, from 6,042 cubic meters in 1947
to 1,486 cubic meters in 2021; India is dealing with a number of
issues, including the disappearance of ponds, lakes, tanks, and
wetlands, as well as the depletion of groundwater and the
pollution of surface water.

Current Status:
• India extracts most groundwater in the world,

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 • Only 8% of the extracted groundwater in India is used for
drinking.
• 80% goes to irrigation
• Remaining 12% goes to industrial uses.
• The Composite Water Management Index by NITI Aayog has
sounded a note of caution about the water crisis in India, with
more than 600 million people facing acute water shortages.
• It is also projected the country’s water demand to be twice the
available supply by 2030.

Constitutional Provision:
• Fundamental Right: Water is the basic need for the survival of
human beings and is part of the right to life as enshrined in
Article 21 of the Constitution of India.
• Hence it goes without saying, the importance to manage the use of
water.

PRESENT SYSTEM

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 DATA COLLECTION

A project for conserving water through recycling was done at

JUWS/NWR.

• A cross functional team was formed for studying Water

Conservation.
• Source of Water - PHED Water Supply & Rain Water Harvesting

• Consumption Of Water - Raw Water- 6200 KL/Day

Potable Water – 294.50 KL/Day

• Storage- Two Overhead Tanks of capacity 69 KL & 200 KL 

Uses - Drinking, Utilities, Coach Washing , Gardening etc.
• Disposal- Drinking water is used after the softening by RO plant
& RO waste is used in water tank testing , Water used in coach
washing is reused after treatment by ETP of 20 KL capacity.
Besides this, 4ETPs are also available as below-

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 1. At Paint Booth (10 KL)
2. At Phosphate plant (1 KL)
3. At Roller Bearing Cleaning plant (2 KL)
4. At Axle Box Cleaning plant (5 KL)

• Sewage is being discharged to Main Line of Nagar Nigam

Jodhpur.

• First step is developing Water Balance Diagramand installing

meters at various locations. In JUWS, there are total 11 meters
installed.

• Monitoring of waste water generated, waste water recycled and

waste water discharged as effluent at various locations.

• Separate collection of potable & Raw water data.

• Calculation of paved, unpaved and shadedareas for RWH (Rain
Water Harvesting)
SYSTEM ANALYSIS

RWH (Rain Water Harvesting) Data -

Current RWH system covers-

20420 M2 Shaded area

32123 M2 Paved area

5000 M2 Unpaved area

Current Daily Demand = 200KLD

Annual Demand= 12 MLPA (Million Ltrs. Per Annum)

Harvesting Potential= 50 MLPA (Million Ltrs. Per Annum)

In JUWS, Current RWH system is being reconstructed to enhance

water collection capacity. It is being connected to New admin building.

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 PROPOSED SYSTEM

• Sewage should be discharged to Main Line of Nagar Nigam

Jodhpur.STPshould be procured and should be installed.

• Digital metersshould be installed instead of conventional meters.

• Low flow fixtures like- aerators, Sensor based fixtures & low
flush fixtureslike- dual flush, sensor based urinals, waterless
urinals etc.

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• Introduction of automatic valves

• Water Audit should be conducted to study the scope of Water

conservation potential. Suggestions received in study and must be
implemented by the JUWS.

BENEFITS AND LIMITATIONS

The most important aspect of Complete Water Recirculation is Rain

Water Harvesting which is having following benefits-

• Easy to Maintain
• Independent Water Supply
• Reducing Water Bills
• Suitable for Irrigation
• Reduces Demand on Ground Water

Despite several benefits, RWH system has some limitations as below-

• Unpredictable Rainfall
• Initial High Cost

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 • Regular Maintenance
• Storage Limits

CONCLUSION

As water is a scarce resource, it is our duty to conserve it and reduce

water wastage. Railway being a very large organization, consumes
huge amount of water daily, for its needs.So Railway is duty bound to
use this water scarcely, and find ways to use the available water
judiciously

The most important aspect of water conservation is Rain Water

Harvesting. So we need to focus on creating RWH systems, enhancing
the existing system. Along with this water efficient fixtures should be
installed all over Indian Railways, which will reduce water wastage in
the organization.

In all future Railway projects, RWH facilities, must be ensured, which

will pave way to conserve water, and also help in saving significant
amount for the exchequer.

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