ILOILO DOCTORS’ COLLEGE

West Avenue, Molo, Iloilo City

NAME: RUBY JANE LAQUIHON SECTION: BSN 4D SUBJECT: GE- ELECT 3

BUDDHISM (CAMBODIA)

Buddhism's journey in Cambodia is one of profound significance, back over two

millennia. The religion's introduction to the region is believed to have occurred around the 3rd
century BCE through interactions with traders from the Indian subcontinent. Initially coexisting
alongside indigenous animist beliefs, Buddhism gradually took root and became deeply
intertwined with Khmer society and culture. Over the centuries, it permeated various aspects of
Cambodian life, leaving an indelible mark on the country's identity.

During the high point of the Khmer Empire from the 9th to the 15th centuries, Buddhism
experienced a golden age in Cambodia. Both Mahayana and Theravada traditions thrived, with
Mahayana Buddhism often patronized by the royal court and Theravada Buddhism embraced by
the common natives. This period witnessed the construction of impressive temples such as
Angkor Wat and Bayon, which served as center of Buddhist worship, pilgrimage, and artistic
expression.

The 13th century marked a significant shift towards Theravada Buddhism under the reign
of King Jayavarman VII. A devout Buddhist himself, King Jayavarman VII oversaw the
construction of numerous temples dedicated to Theravada Buddhism, including the iconic Bayon
Temple adorned with serene stone faces. This period saw Theravada Buddhism ascend to
prominence, influencing religious practices, governance, and societal norms throughout
Cambodia.

The 20th century brought challenges to Cambodian Buddhism, particularly during the
dark era of the Khmer Rouge regime in the 1970s. Under the leadership of Pol Pot, Buddhism
faced brutal persecution as part of the regime's radical communist ideology. Monks were
targeted, temples were destroyed, and religious practices were banned. The Khmer Rouge's reign
of terror resulted in the loss of countless lives and the decimation of Cambodia's cultural
heritage, including its Buddhist legacy.

Following the fall of the Khmer Rouge, Cambodia embarked on a journey of rebuilding
and recovery, which included an upturn of Buddhism. Monks played a pivotal role in revitalizing
communities and preserving cultural traditions. Buddhist ceremonies and rituals regained
 ILOILO DOCTORS’ COLLEGE

West Avenue, Molo, Iloilo City

NAME: RUBY JANE LAQUIHON SECTION: BSN 4D SUBJECT: GE- ELECT 3

prominence in Cambodian life, serving as cornerstones of societal and spiritual practices.
Temples once again became vibrant centers of worship and education, embodying the resilience
of Cambodian Buddhism.

Buddhist principles, including compassion, mindfulness, and non-violence, guide many

Cambodians in their ethical and moral decision-making. Concepts such as karma and
reincarnation shape beliefs about the afterlife and the cycle of existence, offering solace and hope
amidst life's challenges.

The practice of giving alms to monks, known as dana, is a common tradition in

Cambodia, fostering a sense of generosity and interconnectedness within communities. Temples
serve as focal points for religious activities, social gatherings, and community events, promoting
solidarity and cohesion among believers.

Despite modernization and the influence of other religions and ideologies, Buddhism
continues to exert a profound influence on Cambodian society, shaping its values, customs, and
collective consciousness. It remains a source of spiritual guidance, moral support, and cultural
identity for millions of Cambodians across generations. Today, Theravada Buddhism remains the
dominant religion in Cambodia, practiced by most of the population. Monastic communities
continue to play an integral role in providing spiritual guidance, education, and social services to
Cambodian society.