Science Notes (Last unit)

A food chain outlines who eats whom. A food web is all of the food chains in an
ecosystem

An example of a food web is below, and this shows the 5 outlined ‘members’ in
a sense.

The foodchain starts from producers and ends at the decomposers.

● Producers: Plants like Grass and Trees.

● Primary Consumers (Herbivores): Deer, Buffalo, Cow.
● Secondary Consumers (Carnivores that eat Herbivores): Fox,
crocodile.
● Tertiary Consumers (Carnivores that eat other Carnivores): Tiger, Lion.
● Decomposers: Bacteria, Fungi.

For food webs, they basically show all the food chains in the ecosystem, Like in
the example below it can be seen that one food chain would be the grass, zebra
and lion…and another would be the grass, gazelle and vulture.

When it comes to this it is only important to understand who is who, like if the
animal is a secondary, primry or teritary consumer.

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Natural Fertilizers Synthetic Fertilizers

Source Usually derived from Man made
plants or animals. coumpounds
Benefit They provide nutrients Water-soluble and can
to the plant and soil. be taken by plants
 Natural Fertilizers Synthetic Fertilizers
Source Usually derived from Man made
plants or animals. coumpounds
Benefit They provide nutrients Water-soluble and can
to the plant and soil. be taken by plants
Won't generally burn immediately
or damage the plants
Drawback Can be a bit messy to Do very little to the
apply and spread soil life.
evenly around.
Example Blood meal, Bone Ammonium nitrate,
meal, Kelp meal, ammonium phosphate,
Mushroom manure, potassium sulphate
compost

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Developing materials of the future (In science specficially)

● Graphene - A sheet of carbon that is one atom thick. It is nearly
weightless but 200 times stronger than steel. It is also tough, flexible,
light, and has high resistance. Graphene can conduct electricity and
dissipate heat faster than any other known substance.
● Metamaterials- These are artificially designed materials that display
behaviors that cannot be found in nature. They can be made from
metals or plastics.
● Bioplastics - A type of plastic made from renewable resources, such
as vegetable fats and oils, corn starch, straw, woodchips, sawdust,
and recycled food waste.

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Energy Demand

Energy demand is the term used to describe the consumption of energy by

human activity

Energy demand is increasing due to:

● Increasing population
● Economic and industrial growth in developing countries
● Industrial activity
80% of the world's energy demand is currently met by fossil fuels, which are
the leading cause of greenhouse gas emissions

Sustainable ways to produce the energy while keeping the demand in mind is to
switch to water/wind/solar energy methods.

A regenerative form of energy that generates electricity by spinning wind

turbines with the power of naturally moving air. Wind power doesn't produce
greenhouse gas emissions.

A sustainable, renewable source of energy that doesn't produce harmful

emissions like traditional forms of energy generation.