1.

PROFIL COMPANY MASING-MASING PERUSAHAAN

A. COCA COLA
Coca-Cola started its business in 1886 as a local soda producer in Atlanta, Georgia (US) selling
about nine beverages per day. By the 1920s, the company had begun expanding internationally, selling its
products first in the Caribbean and Canadian markets and then moving in consecutive decades to Asia,
Europe, South America and the Soviet Union. By the end of the 20th century, the company was selling its
products in almost every country in the world. In 2005 it became the largest manufacturer, distributor and
marketer of non-alcoholic beverages and syrups in the world.14 Coca-Cola is a publicly-held company
listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE).
In 2007 Coca-Cola launched its sustainability framework Live Positively embedded in the system at all
levels, from production and packaging to distribution. The company’s CSR policy Live Positively
establishes seven core areas where the company sets itself measurable goals to improve the business’
sustainability practices. The core areas are beverage benefits, active healthy living, the community, energy
and climate, sustainable packaging, water stewardship and the workplace.

B. WALMART
Walmart Supercenters (hereafter Walmart) has a full offering of groceries and general
merchandise in a single store. Walmart offers to its customers a one-stop shopping experience and is the
largest private employer in the US as well as being the world’s largest retailer. It has more than 10,130
retail units under 69 different banners in 27 countries. They all share a common goal: ‘Saving people
money so they can live better’. Walmart employs 2.2 million associates worldwide and generated net
sales of $ 443 billion during the fiscal year of 2012.
Walmart was founded in 1962, with the opening of the first Walmart discount store in Rogers,
Arkansas (US). The company was incorporated as Walmart Stores, Inc. on 31 October 1969.Several
authors have pointed to Walmart as an important emerging private actor in the transformation of
lawmaking in the CSR field, referring to it as a‘global legislator.

C. APPLE
Apple was founded in 1977 and is listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market. According to the
10-K form Apple has designed, manufactured and marketed mobile communications devices, media
devices, personal computers and portable digital music players, and sold certain related software,
services, peripherals, networking solutions and third-party digital content and applications. Products sold
through Apple retail stores, online stores, and third parties.
Apple is a world leader in producing innovative electronic goods and technology. In 2011,
Apple's net sales were estimated at $108.2 million. Apple's net sales in 2011 increased by 60% compared
to 2010. Apple companies worldwide employed 60,400 permanent employees and 2,900 temporary
employees and contractors. Companies use outsourcing by making their products abroad. And most of
Apple's factories are located in Asia.
D. CANON
Canon Inc. (hereafter Canon) was founded in 1937. Its headquarters are in Japan and the
company is listed on the NYSE. Although the digital camera is the most well-known product to
consumers, Canon also produces devices for office and industry use. Canon has a global network of more
than 200 companies and employs more than 160,000 people worldwide. Canon Inc. alone employs more
than 26,000 people. It is dedicated to advancements in technology and commits approximately 10% of its
total revenue each year to Research & Development. The company introduced a CSR strategy based on
the Kyosei philosophy in 1988. Canon refers to kyosei defined as ‘living and working together for the
common good. On Canon’s website information is included about its attempt to reduce CO2 emissions,
setting up a consultation process with stakeholders and conducting environmentally-friendly
manufacturing. The Canon Group Environmental Charter addresses the theme of maximizing resource
efficiency from the dual approaches of environmental assurance and economic activities. It considers
overall product lifecycles and sets environmental assurance activities for the entire group. Relief activities
and fund-raising
campaigns are carried out in regions affected by sudden disasters (earthquakes, heavy snowfall, floods,
typhoons, fires). For example, in Singapore it recently joined other companies in a cartridge recycling
project. A ‘Cradle-to-Cradle’ philosophy was used to design the newest generation Energy Star-compliant
Canon devices which consume significantly less energy in their manufacture, transportation and use.

2. PERMASALAHAN MASING-MASING PERUSAHAAN MENGENAI CSR

A. COCA COLA
According to our identification, we found 2 problems related to Coca Cola's CSR policy.
1.The main allegations made by the NGO against Coca-Cola were that it sold products containing
unacceptable levels of pesticides.
2.Water pollution and the over-extraction of groundwater, Coca-Cola also caused air shortages in the
Plachimada community in Kerala, southern India, among others. Besides that, Coca-Cola pollutes the air
by dumping waste water into the fields and rivers around the Coca-Cola factory the same community.

B. WALLMART
According to our identification, we found 2 issues related to Walmart company's CSR policy.
1. Walmart Stores Inc. v. Dukes dkk commenced as a national class action against Walmart. Plaintiffs
Betty Dukes, Patricia Surgeson, Edith Arana (‘plaintiffs’), on behalf of themselves and others similarly
situated, allege that female employees in Walmart and Sam’s Club retail stores were discriminated against
based on their gender. They stated that they were discriminated against regarding pay and promotion to
top management positions,
2. Walmart caught using child labour in BangladeshAt the end of 2005, the Radio Canada programme
Zone Libre made public the news that Walmart was using child labour at two factories in Bangladesh.89
Children aged 10-14 years old were found to be working in the factories for less than $50 a month making
products of the Walmart brand for export to Canada.

C. APPLE
According to our identification, we found 2 problems related to CSR policies at apple companies.
1. The most famous conflict involving Apple suppliers was the Foxconn suicide case. From 2009-2010, a
total of 13 workers committed suicide. In the inspection, Apple found ten facilities that committed child
employment violations. because management was unwilling to address the problem, Apple stopped
businesses using the facility. If an underage worker is found, the supplier is required to pay educational
costs, living allowance and lost wages for six months or until the worker reaches the age of 1 year and
sixteen.
2. The Guardian reports workers at Wintek have been poisoned by n-hexane, a toxic chemical used to
clean iPhone touch screens. And employees complain that the compensation offered is insufficient. In its
2011 supplier responsibility progress report, Apple addressed the issue of n-hexane use. Apple required
Wintek to stop using n-hexane and required Wintek to improve its ventilation systems and work with
consultants to improve environmental health and safety systems.

D. CANON
According to our identification, we found 2 issues related to the CSR policy of Canon Company.
1. In Canon Denmark a problem of stress-related illnesses occurred. These illnesses were the result of
changes in the organization and increasing pressure to perform. As this caused many problems for
business managers, human resources (HR) and increased the workload for other employees.
2. Internet research also presented a couple of articles related to Canon Electronics Inc., a company based
in Japan, forcing its employees to stand during their work and demanding that they walk at
a specific pace.

3. SOLUSI YANG ANDA TAWARKAN

A. COCA COLA
1. The solution to the first problem is that coca cola should demonstrate a clear commitment to strict
environmental standards and work with government and relevant agencies to ensure that their production
practices meet or even exceed applicable standards. and also the Company should conduct ongoing
monitoring and evaluation of their production practices to ensure compliance with environmental and
health standards and to identify areas that require further improvement.
2. The solution to the second problem is for Coca-Cola to adopt responsible practices in water resource
management. This could include reduced groundwater withdrawals, investment in improved waste
treatment technologies, and involvement in water conservation programs in the areas where they operate.
and also coca cola companies must ensure that their companies operate properly and are more open to
environmental problems that are around the areas where they operate.

B. WALMART
1. Regarding the first problem, Walmart should strengthen its policy on gender discrimination and
conduct regular audits to prevent similar problems from occurring for the second time.
2. on the second issue, the company should ensure that ethical policies and standards are consistently
followed at all levels of production. and should strengthen mechanisms for workers and local
communities to report ethical or human rights violations that occur in their workplaces. This may involve
establishing worker committees or safe and open lines of communication.

C. APPLE
1. For the first issue, apple needs to supervise the working practices of its suppliers, including Foxconn's
factories. Regular audits should be conducted to ensure compliance with good work standards and
maintain a safe working environment. Apple could also allocate resources to improve facilities and
welfare programs for workers at their suppliers, including providing adequate recreational time and
access to healthcare facilities. and provide training and development to managers and supervisors at their
suppliers to improve leadership, management, and communication skills that promote an inclusive and
supportive work environment.
2. As for the solution to the second problem, Apple should conduct a thorough investigation into the
causes of the explosion incident at Foxconn and the poisoning by n-hexane at Wintek. This involves
collaborating with suppliers and local authorities to understand the root causes and prevent the recurrence
of similar incidents in the future. Apple should also encourage their suppliers, such as Foxconn and
Wintek, to improve workplace safety infrastructure and establish strict procedures to safely manage and
store hazardous chemicals.

D. CANON
1. For the first problem, canon needs to conduct a thorough investigation to understand the root causes of
stress-related illnesses in the workplace. The evaluation should include factors such as excessive
workload, pressure to achieve targets, job uncertainty, and organizational changes. and also Canon needs
to improve communication and awareness among employees on the importance of managing stress and
seeking help when needed. This can be done through awareness campaigns, seminars, and online
resources on stress management.
2. To solve the second problem, Canon Electronics should prioritize employee welfare and health in their
work policies. This can be done by providing comfortable facilities such as ergonomic chairs, appropriate
equipment, and a supportive work environment. Also, managers and company leaders need to be provided
with training on stress management, empathic leadership, and the importance of listening to employees'
needs. They should be trained to manage workloads wisely without compromising employee well-being.