PhysioEx Lab Report

Exercise 2: Skeletal Muscle Physiology

Activity 3: The Effect of Stimulus Frequency on Skeletal Muscle Contraction Name:
Kezi
Date: 22 February 2024
Session ID: session-abd2f359-590c-9fed-a998-c49330491a64

Pre-lab Quiz Results

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1 During a single twitch of a skeletal muscle

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Correct answer: maximal force is never achieved.

2 When a skeletal muscle is repetitively stimulated, twitches can overlap each other and result
in a stronger muscle contraction than a stand-alone twitch. This phenomenon is known as

You did not answer this question.

Correct answer: wave summation.

3 Wave summation is achieved by

You did not answer this question.

Correct answer: increasing the stimulus frequency (the rate of stimulus delivery to the
muscle).

4 Wave summation increases the force produced in the muscle. Another way to increase the
force produced by a muscle is to

You did not answer this question.

Correct answer: increase the number of activated motor units.

Experiment Results
Predict Questions
1 Predict Question 1: As the stimulus frequency increases, what will happen to the muscle
force generated with each successive stimulus? Will there be a limit to this response?
 You did not answer this question.

2 Predict Question 2: In order to produce sustained muscle contractions with an active force
value of 5.2, do you think you will need to increase the stimulus voltage?

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Stop & Think Questions

1 Was there any change in the force generated by the muscle during the second
stimulated twitch?

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Correct answer: Yes, the second twitch generated more muscle force.

2 Is the total muscle force generated by the higher frequency stimulation greater than the
force generated in previous stimulations?

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Correct answer: Yes, it is greater than the previous stimulations.

3 Does the force generated by the muscle change with each additional stimulus?

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Correct answer: As the stimulus frequency increased, the muscle tension generated by each
successive stimulus also increased, and a limiting maximum value was observed.

Experiment Data

Post-lab Quiz Results

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1 Which of the following is not one of the ways that the body can increase the force
produced by a skeletal muscle?

You did not answer this question.

Correct answer: application of higher voltages to the whole muscle.

2 When a muscle receives a stimulus frequency that causes non-overlapping twitches to follow
each other closely in time such that the peak tension of each twitch rises in a stepwise
fashion up to a plateau value, the result is known as

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Correct answer: treppe.

3 In this experiment the isolated skeletal muscle was repetitively stimulated such that
individual twitches overlapped with each other and resulted in a stronger muscle
contraction than a standalone twitch. This phenomenon is known as

You did not answer this question.

Correct answer: wave summation.

4 Wave summation is achieved by

You did not answer this question.

Correct answer: increasing the rate of stimulus delivery (frequency) to the muscle.

Review Sheet Results

1 What is the difference between stimulus intensity and stimulus frequency?

Your answer:

Frekuensi stimulus adalah berapa kali intensitas stimulus diterapkan pada otot.
Intensitas rangsangan adalah seberapa kuat gaya yang diterapkan pada otot
(rendah/sedang/tinggi).

2 In this experiment you observed the effect of stimulating the isolated skeletal muscle
multiple times in a short period with complete relaxation between the stimuli. Describe the
force of contraction with each subsequent stimulus. Are these results called treppe or wave
summation?

Your answer:

Penjumlahan gelombang. Karena terjadi peningkatan frekuensi yang mengakibatkan peningkatan

gaya yang dihasilkan oleh seluruh otot.

3 How did the frequency of stimulation affect the amount of force generated by the isolated
skeletal muscle when the frequency of stimulation was increased such that the muscle
twitches did not fully relax between subsequent stimuli? Are these results called treppe or
wave summation? How well did the results compare with your prediction?

Your answer:

Frekuensi stimulus harus ditingkatkan agar keduanya dapat tercapai. Hasilnya sesuai dengan
prediksi.

4 To achieve an active force of 5.2, did you have to increase the stimulus voltage above
8.5 volts? If not, how did you achieve an active force of 5.2? How well did the results
 compare with your prediction? Your

answer:

Tidak, tegangannya tetap sama.

5 Compare and contrast frequency-dependent wave summation with motor unit recruitment
(previously observed by increasing the stimulus voltage). How are they similar? How was
each achieved in the experiment? Explain how each is achieved in vivo.

Your answer:

Mereka serupa dan dicapai dengan cara yang sama. Keduanya bergantung pada peningkatan
frekuensi
rangsangan.