Name_________________________________________________________ Date __________

5.6 Graphing Linear Inequalities in Two Variables

For use with Exploration 5.6

Essential Question How can you graph a linear inequality in two

variables?
A solution of a linear inequality in two variables is an ordered pair (x, y) that makes
the inequality true. The graph of a linear inequality in two variables shows all the
solutions of the inequality in a coordinate plane.

1 EXPLORATION: Writing a Linear Inequality in Two Variables

Work with a partner.

y
a. Write an equation represented by 4

the dashed line.

2

−4 −2 2 4 x
b. The solutions of an inequality are
−2
represented by the shaded region. In words,
describe the solutions of the inequality.

c. Write an inequality represented by the graph. Which inequality symbol did you
use? Explain your reasoning.

2 EXPLORATION: Using a Graphing Calculator

Go to BigIdeasMath.com for an interactive tool to investigate this exploration.

Work with a partner. Use a graphing calculator to graph y ≥ 1 x − 3.

4

a. Enter the equation y = 1 x − 3 into your calculator. 10

4 1
y≥4x−3

b. The inequality has the symbol ≥. So, the

−10 10
region to be shaded is above the graph of
y = 1 x − 3 , as shown. Verify this by testing
4
a point in this region, such as (0, 0), to make −10
sure it is a solution of the inequality.

Because the inequality symbol is greater than or equal to, the line is solid and not dashed. Some graphing
calculators always use a solid line when graphing inequalities. In this case, you have to determine whether
the line should be solid or dashed, based on the inequality symbol used in the original inequality.

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5.6 Graphing Linear Inequalities in Two Variables (continued)

3 EXPLORATION: Graphing Linear Inequalities in Two Variables

Go to BigIdeasMath.com for an interactive tool to investigate this exploration.

Work with a partner. Graph each linear inequality in two variables. Explain your steps.
Use a graphing calculator to check your graphs.

a. y > x+5 b. y ≤ −1x + 1 c. y ≥ −x − 5

2

y y y
4
6
−4 −2 2 4 x
2
4 −2

−4 −2 2 4 x
2 −4
−2
−6
−4 −2 2 4 x
−4

Communicate Your Answer

4. How can you graph a linear inequality in two variables?

5. Give an example of a real-life situation that can be modeled using a linear

inequality in two variables.

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 ? ?
−9 + 6 ≥ −2 8(12) + 12(14) ≤ 250
?
graph of−3 ≥ −2 inequality
a linear ✗ 96 + 168 ≤ 250
So, (−9,
Name 2) is not a solution of the inequality.
_________________________________________________________ 264 ≤ 250 ✗
Date __________
no; (12, 14) is not a solution of the inequality 8
8x + y > −6
apter 5 6.
5.6
half-planes ? Notetaking
Practice with Vocabulary So, the carpenter cannot buy twelve 2-by-8 boa
8(−1) + 2 > −6For use after Lesson 5.6 4-by-4 boards.
?
−8 + 2 > −6 18. Test (20, 18). 3x + 2y ≥ 93
y In your
Test (0, 0).words, write the meaning of each
own 27. vocabulary
−4x +term. y < −7
4
Core Concepts
−6
x < >2 −6in
linear inequality
✗
two variables 3(20) + 2(18) ≥ 93
?
−4x + 4x + y < −7 + 4x
2 So, (−1,02) < is
2✓ not a solution of the inequality. ?
Graphing a Linear Inequality in Two Variables y < 4x −7 60 + 36 ≥ 93
7. −6x + 4y ≤ 6 96 ≥ 93 ✓
4 −2 4 xStep 1 Graph the boundary line for the inequality. Use a dashed y line for < orTest>. (0, 0).
solution of a linear ?inequality in two variables
−2 −6(−3)Use a solid≤line
+ 4(−3) 6 for ≤ or ≥. −4 −2 4 xyes; (20, 18) is a solution of the inequality 3x
−4x + y < −7
? −2 So, you earn an A on the test.
Step 2 Test 18 − 12 ≤ that
a point 6 is not on the boundary line to determine whether it is a solution ?
−4 −4(0) + 0 < −7
27. −4xof the
+ yinequality.
< −7 ≤6✓ −4
graph of a linear 6inequality 19. Test (0, 0).
y
8 0 < −7 ✗
−4x(−3,
So, + 4x +
−3) a−7
0).yisa<test + 4x of the inequality.
solution y≤5
StepTest (0,
y
4 3 When point is a solution, shade the half-plane−6that contains the point. 6 0≤5✓
x ≥ −3 < 4x
ythe −7point is not a solution, shade the half-plane that does not contain
8. When
3x − 5y ≥ test
2
2 0 ≥ −3 ✓
half-planes the point.
y ? Test (0, 0). 4
3(−1)
−4 −2− 5(−1) ≥ 2 4 x
6 −4 −2 2 x ? −4x + y <28. −7 3x − y ≥ 5 2
−3 + 5 ≥ 2
−2
? 3x − 3x − y ≥ 5 − 3x
−2
Notes: −4 2 ≥ 2 ✓ −4(0) + 0 < −7
Core Concepts 0 < −7 ✗
−y ≥ −3x + 5 −4 −2 2 4 x
−4
So, (−1, −1) is a solution of the inequality. −y −3x + 5
Graphing −6
a Linear Inequality in Two Variables— ≤— 20. y Test (0, 0).
−1 −1 8
9. −x − 6y > 12 y>6
y
Worked-Out
Step Test (0, 0). the boundary
1 Graph
?
Examples y ≤ 3x
line for the inequality. Use a dashed − for
line 5 < or >.
0>6✗
4 −2 2 4 x
−(−8) − y >6(2)
Use −7 > 12 line for ≤ or ≥.
a solid Test (0, 0).
28. Worked-Out ≥ 5?✓ Examples
y
−4 Example 3x 0−>y#1−7
−2 2 4 6 x 4
Step 2 8Test − 12 > 12 that is not on the boundary line
a point to determine whether it is a solution 3x − y ≥ 5
3x 3x − y ≥the
−whether 5 −ordered
3x −2
−8
Example
Tell #1inequality.
−4
of the > 12 ✗ pair is a solution of the inequality. 2 ?
−y ≥ −3x + 5 3(0) − 0 ≥ 5
−12 So,
−4x 4x(−(−8,
− 2)< is t;not a solution
(−6, 3) of the inequality.of the inequality.
−4
Tell
Step 3 8yy−y
whether
When 15; h etest
a−3x ordered
+ 5 ispair
point is asolution
a solution, shade the half-plane that contains the −4 point.
−2 02 ≥ 5 4 x
— — ≤
−16 10. −4x −1
When− 8ythe < −1
test point is not a solution, shade the half-plane that does not contain
15
≤ 3x? − 5
theypoint.
−4(−6) − 8(3) < 15
y Test y(0, 0). ? Test (0, 0).
−2 24x −< 924 < 15
2 4 6 x
3x − y ≥ 5 29. 5x − 2y ≤ 6
Notes: 0 < 9 0✓< 15 ✓
−2
? 5x − 5x − 2y ≤ 6 − 5x Integrated Mathematics I
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So, (−6, 3) is a solution of the inequality. Student
© BigJournal
−4 reserved.
All rights
0≥5 −2y ≤ −5x + 6 Copyright Ideas Learning, LLC
4 8 12 16 x
171 −2y −5x + 6
All rights reserved.
—≥—
Example #2 −2 −2
260 Integrated Mathematics I Copyright © Big Idea
5
Worked-Out Solutions
Graph the inequality in a coordinate plane. y ≥ — x − 3 All
2
y
29. Test − 2y
5x (0, 0).≤ 6 4
y Test (0, 0).
2
5x − 5x − ≤ 6−
y >2y−2x − 45x 5x − 2y ≤ 6
2 ?
4 2 4 x ? ≤ −5x + 6
−2y 5(0) − 2(0) ≤ 6
> −2(0)
0−2y −5x−+4 6
—≥— −4 −2 2 4 x 0≤6✓
?
−2 −2
0>0−4 −2
−4 5
≥ —✓x − 3
0 > y−4 2
−6
y Test (0, 0).
4
Copyright © Big Ideas Learning, LLC
5x − 2y ≤ 6 Integrated Mathematics I 149
All rights
Testreserved.
(0,20). Student
Copyright © BigJournal
Ideas Learning, LLC
y ?
4 5(0) − 2(0) ≤171
6 All rights reserved.
y ≤ 3x − 1
2 −4 −2 ? 2 4 x 0≤6✓
 Name _________________________________________________________ Date _________

5.6 Practice (continued)

Practice A
Extra Practice
In Exercises 1–6, tell whether the ordered pair is a solution of the inequality.
1. x + y > 5; (3, 2) 2. x − y ≥ 2; (5, 3) 3. x + 2 y ≤ 4; ( −1, 2)

4. 5 x + y < 7; ( 2, − 2) 5. 3x − 4 y > 6; ( −1, −1) 6. − x − 2 y ≥ 5; ( − 2, − 3)

In Exercises 7–18, graph the inequality in a coordinate plane.

7. y < 4 8. y > −1 9. x > 3

y y y
4 4 4

2 2 2

−4 −2 2 4 x −4 −2 2 4 x −4 −2 2 4 x

−2 −2 −2

−4 −4 −4

10. x ≤ −1 11. y < −2 12. x > − 2

y y y
4 4 4

2 2 2

−4 −2 2 4 x −4 −2 2 4 x −4 −2 2 4 x

−2 −2 −2

−4 −4 −4

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Name_________________________________________________________ Date __________

5.6 Practice (continued)

13. y < 3x + 1 14. y ≥ −x + 1 15. x − y < 2

y y y
4 4 4

2 2 2

−4 −2 2 4 x −4 −2 2 4 x −4 −2 2 4 x

−2 −2 −2

−4 −4 −4

16. x + y ≥ − 3 17. x + 2 y < 4 18. − 2 x + 3 y > 6

y y y
4 4 4

2 2 2

−4 −2 2 4 x −4 −2 2 4 x −4 −2 2 4 x

−2 −2 −2

−4 −4 −4

19. An online store sells digital cameras and cell phones. The store makes a $100 profit on the sale of
each digital camera x and a $50 profit on the sale of each cell phone y. The store wants to make a
profit of at least $300 from its sales of digital cameras and cell phones. Write and graph an inequality
that represents how many digital cameras and cell phones they must sell. Identify and interpret two
solutions of the inequality.

y
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 x

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5.6 BPractice B
Practice

In Exercises 1–4, tell whether the ordered pair is a solution of the inequality.

1. 5 x + 7 y ≤ 10; ( −1, 2) 2. 4 x − y > 2; ( − 2, − 2)

3. − 3 x − 2 y ≥ 0; (3, − 3) 4. − 8 x − y < 4; (0, 2)

5. The inequality 9 x + 5 y ≥ 60 represents the number x of newspapers and the

number y of magazines you must sell to earn enough points to earn a special
school lunch. You sell four newspapers and six magazines. Do you receive a
special school lunch? Explain.

In Exercises 6–11, graph the inequality in a coordinate plane.

6. x ≥ 4 7. y < −6 8. x < 0

9. y < 2 x + 2 10. −3 x + y ≤ − 2 11. x − 2 y ≥ 6

In Exercises 12 and 13, write an inequality that represents the graph.

12. y 13. y
2
2

−2 2 4 x
2 x

−2
−4

14. Write a linear inequality in two variables that has the following two properties.

• (2, −1), (2, 3), and (3, 1) are not solutions.

• (0, − 3), (− 2, 1), and (1, − 5) are solutions.
In Exercises 15 and 16, write and graph an inequality whose graph is described by
the given information.

15. The points ( 4, 10) and ( − 2, − 8) lie on the boundary line. The points (1, − 3)
and ( −1, − 7) are not solutions of the inequality.

16. The points ( − 3, 7) and (9, − 5) lie on the boundary line. The points ( − 4, 2)
and (6, − 5) are solutions of the inequality.

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