I.

Tenses in English:

Thì SIMPLE PRESENT SIMPLE PAST

Dạng (Hiện tạ i đơn) (Quá khứ đơn)
Khẳng
V[-s/es] V-ed/V 2
định
Phủ định don’t / doesn’t + V1 didn’t + V1
Nghi vấn Do / Does + S + V1 …? Did + S + V1 …?
- always, usually, occasionally, often, - yesterday
rarely, scarery, hardly, … - last + time: last week, last Sunday…
Dấu hiệu
- every: every day, every year, every - time+ ago : two months ago, five years
nhận biết
Sunday ago…
- once a day , twice…, 3 times… - in the past, in + year (past): in 1990, …

EXERCISE 1:
Question 1 : The earth_____(go) around the sun.
Question 2 : Angela usually_____(leave) for work at 8:00 A.M.
Question 3 : Liz_____(get up) at 6 o’clock every morning.
Question 4 : In the summer, John often_____(play) tennis once or twice a week.
Question 5 : What time you usually_____(get) home after work?
Question 6 : The swimming pool_____(open) at 9:00 and_____(close) at 6:30 every day.
Question 7 : Every year I_____(visit) Britain to improve my English.
Question 8 : In the United State, elementary education is compulsory. All children_____(study) six years of
elementary school.
Question 9 : I_____(not like) feel going to the library to study this afternoon.
Question 10 : American people usually_____(have) their biggest meal in the evening.

EXERCISE 2:
Question 1 : I_____(lose) my key yesterday.
Question 2 : People_____(build) this school in 2001.
Question 3 : Last year, my father_____(promise) to buy my sister a piano. She_____(be) very delighted to
hear this.
Question 4 : It_____(be) very hot last summer.
Question 5 : I_____(walk) home after the party last night.
Question 6 : The Chinese_____(invent) printing.
Question 7 : Sam and I_____(play) tennis yesterday. He was much better than I was, so he_____(win) easily.
Question 8 : My grandpa_____(die) 30 years ago. I never_____(meet) him.
Question 9 : - You_____(go) to the movies last night?
- Yes, but it_____(be) a mistake. The movie_____(be) awful.
Question 10 : When I_____(get) home last night, I_____(be) very tired, so I _____(go) straight to the bed.

Thì PRESENT CONTINUOUS PAST CONTINUOUS

Dạng (Hiện tạ i tiếp diễn) (Quá khứ tiếp diễn)
 Khẳng
am / is / are + V-ing was / were + V-ing
định
Phủ định am not / isn’t / aren’t + V-ing wasn’t / weren’t + V-ing
Nghi vấn Am / Is / Are + S + V-ing …? Was / Were + S + V-ing …?
- At time + - yesterday/ last + time/- time+ ago
- When / As + S + (simple past), S + was/ were
V-ing
Vd: When I came, she was crying.
- When / As + S + (simple past), S + (simple
past)
- now, right now
Vd: When I heard the alarm, I woke up
- at present, at the moment
Dấu hiệu - While S + was/ were V-ing, S + (simple past)
- Sau câu mệnh lệnh :
nhận biết Vd: A dog crossed the road while I was
Vd: Keep silent! The baby is sleeping.
driving.
Look! He is running.
- While S + was/ were V-ing, S + was/ were V-
ing
Vd: My sister was doing the wash up while I
was cooking

EXERCISE 3:
Question 1 : It_____(rain) heavily now.
Question 2 : My brother_____(get) married next week.
Question 3 : He is late again. He always_____(come) to class late.
Question 4 : She_____(take) the exam tomorrow.
Question 5 : Look! It_____(get) dark. Hurry up! It_____(rain) in a few minutes.
Question 6 : Please don’t make so much noise. I_____(work).
Question 7 : I_____(read) an interesting book at the moment. I will lend it to you when I’ve finished it.
Question 8 : Sarah_____(work) this week? - No, she is on vacation.
Question 9 : The population of the world_____(rise) very fast.
Question 10 : I_____(work) on the project of reconstructing city at present.

EXERCISE 4:
Question 1 : This time last year I_____(live) in Brazil.
Question 2 : What you_____(do) at 10:00 last night?
Question 3 : At that time yesterday, I_____(write) a letter.
Question 4 : She_____(learn) English at school at 7:45 yesterday morning.
Question 5 : - What you_____(do) at this time last night? - I was asleep.
Question 6 : Matt burned his hand while he_____(cook) lunch.
Question 7 : I saw you in the park yesterday. You_____(sit) on the grass and _____(read) a book.
Question 8 : When I came home, my mother_____(prepare) the meal.
Question 9 : Jane_____(wait) for me when I arrived.
Question 10 : Yesterday evening, while my mother_____(cook) in the kitchen, my father_____(watch) the
news on TV.
 Thì PRESENT PERFECT PAST PERFECT
Dạng (Hiện tạ i hoà n thà nh) (Quá khứ hoà n thà nh)
Khẳng
has / have + V-ed/V3 had + V-ed/V3
định
Phủ định hasn’t / haven’t + V-ed/ V3 hadn’t + V-ed/ V3
Nghi vấn Has / Have + S + V-ed/ V3 …? Had + S + V-ed/ V3…?
- just, already, ever, never, yet,
recently, lately,before, … - Because+ S + had V3/ED, (simple past)
- since, for : since 1995, for 9 years - after + S + had V3/ED , (simple past)
Dấu hiệu
- until now = up to now = up to the - before + (simple past), S + had V3/ED
nhận biết
present (cho đến bây giờ). - By the time + (simple past) , S + had V 3/ED: cho
- It is the first time…../ How long đến khi …
- over the last + time

EXERCISE 5:
Question 1 : She_____(learn) English for three years.
Question 2 : I’m hungry. I_____(not eat) anything since breakfast.
Question 3 : He never_____(drive) a car before.
Question 4 : We_____(know) each other since we were at high school.
Question 5 : Everything is going well. We_____(not have) any problem so far.
Question 6 : I_____(drink) four cups of coffee today.
Question 7 : John_____(live) in Denver since 2017.
Question 8 : - You ever_____(climb) Mount Everest?
- No, I haven’t. But I’m sure I will, if I have a chance.
Question 9 : It is nice to see you again. We_____(not see) each other for a long time.
Question 10 : I_____(forget) my key. I can’t unlock the door now.

EXERCISE 6:
Question 1 : Before Sarah arrived, Eric_____(go) home.
Question 2 : When Jane arrived at the theater, the film_____(start).
Question 3 : He thanked me for everything I_____(do) for him.
Question 4 : After Angelia_____(eat) the cake, she began to feel sick.
Question 5 : When he went out to play, he_____(do already) his homework.
Question 6 : They_____(be) married for two years or so when Roy employed a
very attractive Indian secretary in his Glasgow office.
Question 7 : Linda_____(not study) for the exam, so she was very anxious.
Question 8 : I couldn’t go into the cinema because I_____(not bring) my tickets.
Question 9 : The man sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous. He never _____(fly) before.
Question 10 : The tornado knocked down the tree that we_____(plant).

Thì PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS

Dạng (Hiện tạ i hoà n thà nh tiếp diễn) (Quá khứ hoà n thà nh tiếp diễn)
Khẳng
has / have + been + Ving had + been + Ving
định
Phủ định hasn’t / haven’t + been + Ving hadn’t + been + Ving
 Nghi vấn Has / Have + S + been + Ving ? Had + S + been + Ving ?
- Since + mốc thời gian
She has been working since the early
morning.
- For + khoảng thời gian - Because+ S + (QKHTTD) , (simple past)
They have been listening to the radio for 3 - after + S + (QKHTTD) , (simple past)
Dấu hiệu
hours. - before + (simple past), S + (QKHTTD)
nhận biết
- By the time + S + V(simple past) , S +
- All + thời gian (all the morning, all (QKHTTD)
the afternoon, all day,...)
They have been working in the field all the
morning.

EXERCISE 7:
Question 1 : He_____(wait) all the morning.
Question 2 : Richard_____(do) the same job for 20 years.
Question 3 : I_____(study) English for six months.
Question 4 : Mike_____(work) in Las Vegas for the last few months.
Question 5 : It_____(rain) since lunchtime.
Question 6 : Helen_____(read) this book for three days.
Question 7 : Kevin_____(look) for a job since he finished school.
Question 8 : I’m tired of waiting. I_____(sit) here for one hour.
Question 9 : He is exhausted because he_____(work) continuously for more than twelve hours.
Question 10 : She_____(sleep) for 10 hours! You must wake her.

EXERCISE 8:
Question 1 : We_____(play) tennis for about an hour when it started to rain heavily.
Question 2 : I was very tired when I got home. I_____(work) hard all day.
Question 3 : At last the bus came. He_____(wait) for 20 minutes.
Question 4 : Jim quit drinking coffee two years ago. He_____(drink) coffee for 20 years.
Question 5 : She was out of breath. She_____(run).
Question 6 : It wasn’t raining when we went out. The sun was shining. But it_____
(rain), so the ground was wet.
Question 7 : We were extremely tired at the end of our trip. We_____(travel) for
more than 24 hours.
Question 8 : I was exhausted at the end of the test. I_____(write) for over three hours.
Question 9 : The orchestra_____(play) for 30 minutes when a man in audience
suddenly began shouting.
Question 10 : At the time the factory closed down, Sarah_____(work) there for five years.

simple past and past progressive with when and while

WHEN/ diễ n tả hà nh độ ng WHEN + S + V (quá khứ đơn), S + V (quá khứ đơn)
AS xả y ra nố i tiếp nhau Eg: When he saw me, he smiled at me.
diễ n tả mộ t hà nh WHEN + S + V (quá khứ đơn), S + V (quá khứ tiếp diễn)
 độ ng đang xả y ra thì Eg: When I came to see her, she was cooking dinner.
có hà nh độ ng khá c
xen và o
diễ n tả mộ t hà nh WHEN + S + V (quá khứ đơn), S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành)
độ ng xả y ra sau mộ t Eg: When I arrived at the airport, the plane had taken off
hà nh độ ng khá c
AS SOON AS SOON AS + S + V (quá khứ đơn), S + V (quá khứ đơn)
diễ n tả hà nh độ ng
AS/JUST Eg: As soon as she saw a mouse, she shouted and ran away.
xả y ra nố i tiếp nhau
AS
diễ n tả mộ t hà nh WHILE + S + V (quá khứ tiếp diễn), S + V (quá khứ đơn)
độ ng đang xả y ra thì Eg: While I was waiting for the bus , I saw the accident .
có hà nh độ ng khá c
WHILE xen và o
diễ n tả 2 hà nh độ ng WHILE + S + V (quá khứ tiếp diễn), S + V (quá khứ tiếp diễn),
cù ng xả y ra song Eg: While I was washing the dishes , she was cooking dinner
song

EXERCISE 9:
1. John (work) ______________ hard when suddenly the door (open) ______________
2. When we (open) ______________the front door we (see) _______ someone walking out of the gate.
3. The light (go) ______________ out while we (have) ______________ dinner.
4. Bill (have) _______ breakfast when I (stop) _______ at his house this morning.
5. As we (cross) ______________ the street, we (see) ______________ an accident.
6. Tom (see) _______ a serious accident while he (stand) ______________ at the bus stop.
7. While my father (read) ______________ a newspaper, I (learn) _______ my lesson and my sister (do)
______________ her homework.
8. The children (play) _______ football when their mother (come) _______ back home.
9. The bell (ring) ______________while Tom (take) _______ a bath.
10. He (sit) _______ in a cafe when I (see) _____________ him.