OA-NCT II ASSESSMENT GUIDE

Unit of Competency: PRODUCE ORGANIC SWINE

1. Traits of a good breeder
2. Suitable housing for swine/requirements for good hog house
3. Basic materials for beddings
4. Common elements of feed formulation/basic ingredients for swine feeding materials
5. Different organic swine feeding requirements.
6. Measures to protect stocks from diseases.
7. What is the fertility period of trained boar.
8. Distinguish “in heat” and pregnant sow.
9. How to handle pregnant animal?
10. Records in swine production
11. How to follow regulatory measures?
12. What makes a swine organic?
13. Swine breeding techniques and their advantages

ANSWERS:
1. What are the indicators for good stocks (breeders)?
 Six pairs of well-developed and properly spaced function teats
 Teats are not inverted.
 Long-bodied sows are desirable because of the more space created for udder development.
 Well-developed ham, loin and shoulder
 Body width is uniform from front to rear.
 Well-placed feet and legs
 The biggest among the litter
 Select vigorous pigs from a healthy litter in a herd raised under good swine sanitation.
2. What are the requirements for good hog house?
 Construct pig houses in a slightly sloping and well-drained area
 Good ventilation, there is an opening at the top of the roof where hot air exits, the floor area shall restrain walling or
any form of barrier that inhibits free flow of air.
 Sufficient shed to protect animals from inclement weather.
 Made of local materials like coco lumber, bamboo, and nipa (for backyard operation)
 Provided with organic bedding materials such as rice hull, sand, soil, and salt with IMO sprayed in the mixture.
 Feeding troughs and waterers must be properly installed at the side of the hog house.
 There is an elevated container for concoction solution.
3. What are basic materials for beddings?
 Rice hull (80%), sand (10%), soil (10%), 2 kg of salt for every 10 bags of mixture, and IMO at 1% concentration in a
water-based solution
 The floor area shall be excavated about 90 cm where the bedding materials are embedded.
4. What are the basic ingredients for feed materials?
 protein, lipids, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals
Protein Source:
 Legumes- Plant Protein Source (Duckweed, Azolla, Renzonii, flemengia, trichantera, indigorfera, talinum, alugbati,
saluyot)

 Carbohydrates Source - Rice Bran (D1) – tiki tiki, corn, rootcrops, vegetables

 Fats Source - Copra meal/meat

 Vitamin Source - Extracts

 Minerals Source - CRH, Sea salt, agrilime

 5. What are the feeding requirements at various growth stages of swine?

Days of Kind of Wt. of Piglet/Ration per Day Estimated Live Weight

Culture Feeds 5 kg 10 kg 15 kg 5 kg 10 kg 15 kg
01-07 Starter 150g 260g 500g
08-14 Starter 250g 500g 750g
15-21 Starter 500g 750g 1.0kg
22-28 Grower 750g 750g 1.0kg 8kg 12kg 20kg
29-35 Grower 750g 1.0kg 1.5kg
36-42 Grower 750g 1.0kg 1.5kg
43-49 Grower 750g 1.0kg 1.5kg
50-56 Grower 750g 1.0kg 1.5kg
57-63 Grower 750g 1.0kg 1.5kg
64-70 Grower 750g 1.0kg 1.5kg 21kg 31kg 46kg
71-77 Grower 1.0kg 1.5kg 2.0kg
78-84 Grower 1.0kg 1.5kg 2.0kg
85-91 Grower 1.0kg 1.5kg 2.0kg
92-99 Grower 1.0kg 1.5kg 2.0kg
99-105 Grower 1.0kg 1.5kg 2.0kg 42kg 64kg 95kg
106-122 Finisher 1.5kg 2.0kg 2.5kg
123-129 Finisher 1.5kg 2.0kg 2.5kg
130-136 Finisher 1.5kg 2.0kg 2.5kg 60kg 102kg 118kg

Total 121 kg 170 kg 236kg

6. How do you prevent the occurrence of diseases in organic hog production?

 More on preventive scheme
 Give food supplements that will boost the immune system (make antibodies stronger), like OHN.
 Use LABS to deodorize the farm, to minimize harmful microorganisms.
 Use other concoctions as source of vitamins to boost immune system, like FFJ, FPJ and FAA
 Maintain general cleanliness of the area (waterers and feeding trough are clean and free from dung, etc)
 Inject iron 3 days and 10 days after birth of piglets.
 Have a regular deworming schedule (1/8 of bettle nut for piglets)

7. What is the fertility period of trained boar?

For optimum levels of sperm for mating, boars should be mated no more than 1 to 2 times daily or 5 to 7 times per
week.

8. Distinguish “in heat” and pregnant sows?

The signs for in -heat sow are: swollen vulva, frequently red; vocal sounds, restless movement, looking for boar,
climbing, bar biting, riding other females sticky discharge from vulva, clitoris red and protruding, tail upright whilst
standing and flicks up and down

Once the sow becomes pregnant, she will not have any interest in reproductive behavior. She will ignore the advances
of any males and will generally lose all her sexual behaviors, such as making courtship-related sounds and gestures.

9. How to handle pregnant animal?

Treat the animal with TLC during pregnancy. During pregnancy the sow will need plenty of feed high in nutrients
and will especially need more feeds towards the end of pregnancy. She should be given some feed high in nutrients e.
 g. grain and greenstuffs every day. Giving the sow access to clean soil or grass from land where no pigs have been
kept will allow her to get the minerals she need.

10. Records in swine production?

Feed formula record, breeding record, days from weaning to breeding record, Farrowing records-sow information,
Farrowing records-pig information, growing/finishing group history, growing/finishing group inventory, death loss
record, growing/finishing group feed and medication record.

11. How to follow regulatory measures?

Swine production projects should comply with the following environmental laws and regulations:

a. Ecological Solid Waste Management

b. The Clean Air Act
c. The Clean Water Act
d. Command and control policies such as zoning, discharge ordinances and permits and effluent standards.
e. Commercial be established at least 1 km away from public roads.
f. Raising of pigs in heavily populated areas is prohibited.

12. What makes a swine organic?

 What it eats is organic.

 More of its food intake and not so much on genetics
 It satisfies the minimum number of days required for slaughter in the PNS (at least 120 days)
 It was reared in an organic environment (with beddings, organic concoctions, etc)
13. Swine breeding techniques and their advantages?

Advantages of AI:

a. minimizes if not totally control the spread of reproductive diseases.

b. infertile boars are immediately detected.
c. eliminates the problem of mating boars and sows of different sizes.
d. increases the number of sows bred by a boar.

Advantages of Natural Mating:

a. less labor intensive

b. less risky than AI
c. more realistic choice for most operations

*What is your knowledge on hogs’ production?